Ukuhlola Kungabhekana Nebulili, Ubudala, Futhi Ngisho Nezokwelapha
Ukuhlolisisa i-HPV kuhilela ukungatholi kuphela igciwane, kodwa ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi amagciwane angaphezu kuka-150 ahlobene ne-HPV akhona. Yize iningi lingenalo ingozi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ukuthi ukutheleleka kuhilela enye yezingcingo eziphezulu ezingaphezu kuka-30 ezihlobene kakhulu nomdlavuza. Odokotela bazosebenzisa i-Pap smear, ukuhlolwa kwe-HPV, noma i-biopsy-kanye nesinqumo sabo sezempilo-ukuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa futhi ngethemba lokuthi bazobamba noma yiziphi izinkinga eziphezulu ngaphambi kokuba zibe yinkinga.
Indlela umuntu ahlolwe ngayo futhi ahlolwe ngayo ihlukahluka ngokusekelwe ubulili, ubudala, ngisho nokuzibandakanya kwezocansi.
Kodwa inselele ngokuxilongwa, ukuthi i-HPV kaningi ayibonakalisi izimpawu ezicacile zokutheleleka, okungenza abantu bayeke ukuhlolwa. Kwezinye izimo, abantu ngabanye bangatholwa ukuthi bane-HPV uma bethola ukuthi banomdlavuza ohlobene.
Ukuhlolwa kwabesifazane
Enye yezindlela ezingcono zokuthola ukutheleleka kwe-HPV kwabesifazane kuneP smear . Lokhu kungenziwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa komzimba ngokwemvelo noma ngokuqondile ngoba i-HPV icatshangwa. Ngesikhathi se-Pap smear, amangqamuzana abhalwe kahle ngomlomo wesibeletho futhi ahlolwe ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukuhlola izimpawu ze-dysplasia. Ukuhlolwa okubukwayo kuzokwenziwa futhi ukuze kutholakale izintambo zomzimba (okwakubonakala sengathi zibukeka njenge-cauliflower, kodwa zingaba nesibhakabhaka futhi zimibalabala). Khumbula-ke ukuthi ukungabi khona kwezimpi akusho ukuthi ucacile nge-HPV.
Olunye uhlolo, olubizwa ngokuthi i- HPV test , luhlola isifo sangempela kunokuba kube nezinguquko kumaseli omlomo wesibeletho.
Isetshenziselwa abesifazane besifazane abangaphezu kuka-30 nangaphezulu, noma ngokuphendula iP smear engavamile noma njengengxenye yokuhlola okuvamile. Kungenziwa ngesikhathi esisodwa-futhi ngisho ne-swab efanayo-njengePap smear (umkhuba owaziwa ngokuthi ukuhlolwa ngokubambisana).
Izincomo
Izincomo zokuhlola i-HPV zingahluka ngobudala besifazane nezinye izici:
- Kwabesifazane abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-30 , i-Pap smear inconywa njalo eminyakeni emithathu. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlolwa kwe- HPV akukwaziswa, njengoba ukutheleleka kwe-HPV kuvamile kulaba besifazane abaneminyaka engama-20 futhi akuvamile ukuholela emdlalweni. Ngalesi sikhathi, izifo eziningi ze-HPV zizohlala zifinyeleleka futhi zixazululwe zodwa ngaphandle kwemiphumela yesikhathi eside.
- Kulaba besifazane abaneminyaka engama-30 kuya kwengu-65 , i-Pap smear ingenziwa njalo eminyakeni emithathu noma ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa nge-Pap smear ne-HPV ukuhlolwa kungenziwa njalo eminyakeni emihlanu.
- Abesifazane abangaphansi kuka-30 abangenayo i -HIV kufanele babe ne-Pap smear njalo ezinyangeni ezingu-12 uma bexilongwa kuqala. Ngemuva kwemiphumela emibili evamile, ukuhlolwa kungadluliselwa kuhlolo olulodwa lwePap njalo eminyakeni emithathu, uma nje imiphumela ingavamile.
Ukuhlolwa kwePap ne-HPV kuthatha imizuzu embalwa nje ukwenza. Imiphumela ye-Pap ivame ukubuyiselwa emavikini amabili; Imiphumela ye-HPV yokuhlolwa ingathatha isikhathi eside. Bobabili bavame ukumbozwa umshuwalense.
Esinye sezici eziyingozi kakhulu zomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho kungukungabikho kokuhlola okuvamile. Ukuze ugweme ukucindezeleka kwe-HPV, abesifazane kufanele balandele isimiso sokuhlola sokungenhla futhi banxuse odokotela babo nganoma yimaphi ama-warts, izilonda, noma ezinye izinto ezingavamile ezakhiwe ngezici zofuzo noma i-anus.
Ukuvivinya Amadoda
Iningi le-HPV lokutheleleka emadodeni liboniswa ukubonakala kwesinye noma ama-warts amaningi epenis, scrotum, amathanga, ubuhlungu noma i-anus.
Kodwa-ke, uma i-wart ingena ngaphakathi, ingavame ukubonakala kuphela ngokuhlola umsele wamanzi nge-ancope kanye / noma usebenzisa i- pap smear yesilwane .
I-anal smear yesilwane isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obufanayo njenge-Pap smear yomlomo wesibeletho futhi isetshenziselwa ukukhomba i-dysplasia kumaseli athathwa e-anus. Ukuhlolwa kungaba yithuluzi elibalulekile lamadoda ahlanganyela ocansini lesandulela ngculazi , ngoba ama-warts angaphakathi awavame ukuzwa.
Izincomo
Naphezu kwalokhu, Isikhungo Sokulawulwa Nokuvimbela Izifo (CDC) njengamanje sinxusa ngokumelene nokuhlolwa kwesilwane esilungiswayo kwamasilisa njengoba kungaziwa ukuthi ukuphatha i-dysplasia ephakeme kakhulu kuvimbela umdlavuza wesibeletho.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokungafani nezivivinyo ze-HPV ezisetshenziselwa abesifazane, ayikho ukuhlolwa okunjalo okwamanje okwamanje okutholakala ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona ukutheleleka komlomo noma komlomo.
Kulokhu, i-CDC ikhishwe iseluleko sokuthi i-anal Pap smear ingenziwa emadodeni alala nobulili namadoda (MSM) abamba ubulili obuyitholayo, nakuba kungekho mihlahlandlela ethile yokuhlola. Leli qembu linengozi enkulu engama-40 yomdlavuza wesilwane uma kuqhathaniswa nomphakathi jikelele. I-MSM enesandulela ngculazi ingozi enkulu. Uma kungekho izinkombandlela zokuhlola, udinga ukuba ngummeli wakho siqu, futhi uma kudingeka, ufune ukunakekelwa udokotela noma umtholampilo onguchwepheshe bempilo yomuntu noma ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kwe-MSM.
Ngokuvamile, lezi zivivinyo azihlanganiswa nomshuwalense.
I-Biopsy ye-Genital Warts
Uma i-wart ibukeka isola noma inzima ukuyikhomba, udokotela angenza i- biopsy ukususa isampula yamathambo ukuhlaziya ebhodini. Ngesikhathi umjovo we-anesthetic osetshenziselwa ukuphazamisa isikhumba ungaba buhlungu, inqubo ngokwayo ngokuvamile ayikho.
Uma isusiwe, izicubu zingabuyekezwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Lebhu izobe ikutshele ukuthi ayikho amaseli angavamile (okusho ukuthi konke kuhle) noma ukuthi kukhona amangqamuzana angavamile abizwa ngokuthi ama-koilocytes. I-Koilocytes izovela engenalutho noma i-concave ngaphansi kwe-microscope futhi iyimpawu yokutheleleka kwe-HPV.
I-artic wart biopsy ingaboniswa uma:
- Ukuxilongwa kwe-HPV akuqinisekisiwe
- I-wart iphuma, ivuvukile, noma ibukeka ngendlela ebonakalayo
- Umuntu unesandulela ngculazi noma unesifo somzimba
- Kube khona ukuqhuma kwesimo kusukela ukuhlolwa kwangaphambilini
Uma i-HPV Test is Positive
Ngendlela efanayo yokuthi ukungabi khona kwemigodi akusho ukuthi ucacile nge-HPV, ukuba khona kwegciwane lesisu sangasese akusho ukuthi uzothola umdlavuza.
Ngaphandle kokuba kube nobufakazi bokuthi i- neoplasia (ukukhula okungalawuleki, ukukhula okungavamile kwamaseli), udokotela uzobheka umphumela omuhle wesikrini se-HPV ukuze abe "ifulegi elibomvu" futhi aqhubeke nokuqapha isimo eduze.
Nakuba i-dysplasia ingathuthuka emdlalweni ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ingozi iyashintsha kakhulu. I-dysplasia yezinga eliphansi ngokuvamile ihamba yodwa ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Ngokuphambene, i-high-grade dysplasia ingaba yindlela yokuqala yomdlavuza owaziwa ngokuthi i- carcinoma in situ (CIS) .
Esikhathini esingalindelekile ukuthi umdlavuza noma i- pre-precantcer iyatholakala, ungathunyelwa ku-oncologist ukuze uhlele lesi sifo futhi unqume ngesifundo esifanele sokwelashwa. Ngenhlanhla, ukuxilongwa okusheshayo cishe kusinikeza impumelelo enkulu yokwelapha.
> Imithombo:
> Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo (CDC). "I-HPV Cancer Screening." I-Atlanta, Georgia; ibuyekeziwe ngomhla kaDisemba 20, 2016.
> CDC. "Ukuhlola | Imibuzo & Izimpendulo | Izikhombandlela Zokwelashwa Zesi-STD ka-2015." Kubuyekezwe ngo-Februwari 10, 2016.
> Leeds, I. noFang, S. "Umdlavuza we-analysis kanye ne-intraepithelial neoplasia screening: Ukubukeza." I- World J Yokudla Okumnandi. 2016; 8 (1): 41-51. I-DOI: 10.4240 / wjgs.v8.i1.41.