Ukuzikhandla Kungumkhiqizo Ekhaya naseSikoleni
Izimo eziphuthumayo zingenzeka noma kuphi, nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Ngezinye izikhathi ingane yakho enezidingo ezikhethekile isekhaya nawe; ngezinye izikhathi esesikoleni noma emphakathini. Iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu yokusingatha izimo ezinjengalezi?
- Kukhona umlilo ekhishini. Wonke umuntu udinga ukuphuma endlini, okwamanje. Kodwa indodakazi yakho ye-autistic, ecasulwa umsindo we-alamu womusi, inqabe ukugoqa. Wenzani manje?
- Indodana yakho inesifo sokuphuza futhi ibangelwa imithi yakhe njengoba nje isikole singena esikhungweni sokugaya. Manje unamathela ngaphandle kwemithi yakhe isikhathi eside. Ingabe kufanele abuyele esikoleni futhi afike ehhovisi lomhlengikazi? Isimo kufanele senziwe kanjani?
- Unendodakazi enesihlalo sabakhubazekile. Iklasi lakhe lisesitezi sesibili. Ngesikhathi sesenzakalo esiphuthumayo, i-elevator ivaliwe. Manje?
- Usendleleni eya ekhaya nengane enezinkinga ezingokomzwelo noma zokuziphatha lapho enye imoto ihlasela eyakho. Akekho olimazayo, kodwa phakathi kokuhlola umonakalo nokubiza amaphoyisa ukuthi ingane yakho ishonele. Wenzani?
Lezi zimbalwa zezimo eziphuthumayo ezingenzeka futhi zenzeke njalo. Izizathu zilula: ukuhlela okuncane kakhulu, ukuziphatha okuncane kakhulu, nokucabangisisa kakhulu ngezidingo ezithile zabantu abanezidingo ezikhethekile.
Ukuhlela Izimo Eziphuthumayo Ekhaya
Ekhaya, ukuhlela okuphuthumayo kuphelele kuwe, okungcono noma okubi nakakhulu.
Ngaphezulu, ulawula ngokugcwele ukuthi uzohlela kanjani futhi uphathe izimo eziphuthumayo. Ngokwehla, akukho mithetho noma imithethonqubo okufanele ilandelwe, okusho ukuthi kulula ukuvumela ukuhlelwa nokulungiswa kwe-slide.
Nawa amanye amathiphu okuqinisekisa ukuthi usulungele ukuphuthumayo ngezingane zakho ezidinga izidingo ezikhethekile.
Landela izinqubo ezijwayelekile zokuhlela eziphuthumayo
Qala ngezinto eziyisisekelo: ama-alamu omusi nomoya we-carbon monoxide, izicima umlilo ekhishini, izilinganiso eziphuthumayo emakamelweni aphezulu. Yenza uhlu lwezinombolo zocingo oluphuthumayo ngocingo noma efrijini: ukulawulwa kobuhlungu, amaphoyisa, nomakhelwane noma umndeni okufanele ukwaziswa.
Shintsha Izinto Eziyisisekelo Njengoba Kudingeka
Uma ingane yakho ingase idabuke kakhulu umsindo we-alamu, cabanga ukubeka esikhundleni i-alamu enkulu ngokukhanya okukhanyayo noma ibhulogi. Uma ingane yakho ingakwazi ukuphuthuma phansi izindiza, cabangela igumbi lokulala phansi. Uma ingane yakho idinga izinto ezithile noma amathoyizi ukuzola, phakamisa lezo zinto (noma ezifana nezintandokazi zakhe) futhi uzigcine eduze komnyango. I-pair of headphones yokuvimbela umsindo ingase ibe nomqondo omuhle. Uma ingane yakho ithatha imithi ejwayelekile, phakamisa ngokwanele usuku noma ezimbili, futhi qiniseka ukuthi ikhona manje.
Hlanganisa Izinqubo Eziphuthumayo Uma Wonke Umuntu Ethula
Khetha isikhathi nosuku lapho ingane yakho ikwazi ukuqhuba izinqubo zokuphuthumayo. Uma kunesidingo, mnikeze incwadi yesithombe noma indaba yezenhlalakahle echaza inqubo yokukhipha indlu. Faka ulwazi mayelana nokuthi kuzokwenzekani ngaphambi, ngesikhathi, nangemva kokuphuma, kufaka phakathi ukulinda ngaphandle nokulindela izibani ezikhanyayo kanye nemisindo emikhulu yamaphoyisa, umlilo, noma imoto esiphuthumayo.
Lungiselela Abaphenduli Bokuqala Ngengane Yakho
Amaphoyisa kanye nabacimi bomlilo bangasebenza nawe ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lwezimfuno ezithile zomntanakho. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma ingane yakho ikhubazekile ngokomzimba, kunzima ukukhuluma noma ukuqonda imiyalo ekhulunywayo, noma kungenzeka ukuthi ifihlwe noma ibalekele. Nikeza abaphenduli bokuqala ngezithombe zomntwana wakho kanye nolwazi oluqondile mayelana nokuxilongwa kwakhe, imithi, ukuziphatha, nezidingo. Nikeza noma yiluphi ulwazi ongaluthola mayelana nendlela yokuxhumana neyokuzolalisa ingane yakho uma kwenzeka kuphuthumayo. Ezimweni eziningi, abaphenduli bokuqala bazovumela ingane yakho ukuthi ibuke ngaphakathi kwezimoto zayo, lalela i-siren, futhi ijwayele amathuluzi okuhweba.
Nikeza Ingane Yakho Ngenkomba
Kunezindlela eziningi zokuqinisekisa ukuthi ingane yakho ingabonakala kuphuthumayo. Amasongo wezokwelapha yindlela eyodwa enhle. Amanye amathuba afaka amadivaysi okulandelela amadivaysi noma amathegi wokugqoka asekudala. Faka igama lomntanakho, ukuxilongwa, ulwazi olubucayi lwezokwelapha, nenombolo yokuxhumana.
Dala ifomu lezokwaziswa eziphuthumayo bese uligcina lifinyeleleka
Ifomu lesimo esiphuthumayo solwazi luhlu lwemithi yengane yakho, odokotela, amadivaysi akhethekile noma izidingo, oxhumana nabo, kanye nolunye ulwazi olubucayi. Ingahanjiswa kumphenduli wokuqala futhi isetshenziswe ngisho noma ungatholakali ukuphendula imibuzo. Kungabuye kwabiwe nabangani, omakhelwane, nomndeni uma uhlukanisiwe nengane yakho noma ungakwazi ukuphendula.
Ukuhlela Izinhlekelele Emphakathini
Uma usuqedile inqubo yakho yokuhlela ekhaya uthathe izinyathelo zakho zokuqala ukuhlela ukuphuthumayo emphakathini (ingozi yemoto, ukususwa kwesakhiwo, njll). Ingane yakho iye yaqhuba izinqubo eziphuthumayo, yaziwa (futhi iyazi) abaphenduli bokuqala futhi igqoke uhlobo oluthile lwe-ID. Nazi amathiphu ambalwa okuphepha:
Yazi Ngezizwe Ezizungezile
Abambalwa bethu bahamba esitolo sokudlela futhi babheke ukuphuma okuphuthumayo, kodwa njengomzali wengane enezidingo ezikhethekile, kuwumqondo omuhle ukwenza lokho nje. Ngaphezu kwalokho, qaphela indawo yezitebhisi uma kwenzeka izikhuni zivaliwe. Endaweni yokudlela, cela ukuba uhlale ngasekuqaleni kwesakhiwo esiseduze nomnyango omkhulu. Ehhotela, cabanga ngokucela ekamelweni phansi. Lezizinqumo ezincane zizokwenza kube lula futhi kungakhathazeki kakhulu ukushiya isakhiwo uma kudingeka.
Gcina amehlo akho (kanye nesandla) enganeni yakho. Izingane ezinenkinga yokuzizwa , zokuziphatha, nezomzwelo zithola izimo eziphuthumayo ikakhulukazi eziphazamisayo. Ezinye izingane zizofuna ukufika kude nendawo yesehlakalo njengoba ziyakwazi, futhi zizovele zenzeke. Uma ingane yakho iwela kuleli qembu, ungaphazanyiswa: gcina izandla zakho namehlo kumntanakho ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Yenza uhlelo
Abantu abaningi bavame ukuhlala ezindaweni ezithile zomphakathi njalo. Uma ulokhu uletha ingane yakho esitolo, umtapo wolwazi, noma iklasi ethile noma uhlelo, cela umphathi ukuthi wabelane nawe ngezinhlelo zabo eziphuthumayo. Ngokusekelwe kulokho okufundayo, ungasebenzisa nomphathi noma umnikazi ukuba eze necebo elingcono kakhulu kwengane yakho.
Gcina Ukunikezwa Kwemithi Nemfomu Yolwazi Oluphuthumayo Kuwe .
Uma ungeke ufike ekhaya noma ungakwazi ukukhuluma ngomntanakho, lonke ulwazi kanye nempahla ayidingayo s luzofinyeleleka.
Ukuhlela Izimo Eziphuthumayo Esikoleni
Abazali abaningi bakhathazeka ngezimo eziphuthumayo zesikole, ikakhulukazi esikhathini lapho ukudubula esikoleni kubonakala sengathi kukhula. Ngenkathi abazali benokulawula okuncane okwenzekayo ekhaya noma emphakathini, banokulawulwa okuncane esikoleni. Nokho, lokho akusho ukuthi abazali abakwazi ukusiza izingane zabo. Eqinisweni, izifunda eziningi zezikole zinezinqubomgomo ezithile eziphuthumayo zabafundi abakhubazekile (futhi bonke kufanele babe nezinqubomgomo ezinjalo). Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlelo lokufundisa lomuntu ngamunye (noma uhlelo lwe-504) lungakwazi futhi lufake ukuhlala okuphuthumayo.
Ukuthi lezo zinqubomgomo nezinhlelo zingakwazi noma kufanele zikhona, kodwa, akuqinisekisi ukuthi othisha nabasebenzi bayazi ukuthi bangayisiza kanjani ingane yakho esimweni esiphuthumayo. Lo msebenzi (njengoba kunjalo njalo) ungumzali. Ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwengane yakho, kungadingeka ubuyekeze izinqubomgomo ezikhona futhi usebenze nothisha, abasebenzi kanye nabanye abazali. Nawa amanye amathiphu wokuqalisa.
Yazi ukuthi yini kakade ekhona
Ezinye izifunda ziphezu kokuhlela okuphuthumayo kubo bonke abafundi futhi bazi kahle ukuthi zingabasiza kanjani abafundi abadinga izidingo ezikhethekile. Buza umeluleki womqondisi wengane yakho ngolwazi mayelana nezinhlelo ezikhona, bese ucela ukubona ikhophi yanoma iyiphi inqubomgomo ebhaliwe.
Khuluma Nabanye Abazali
Izifunda eziningi zinesidingo esikhethekile amaqembu omzali ahlangana njalo. Uma ngabe kunjalo esifundeni sakho, kunethuba elihle lokuthi lolu daba seluvele seluvele lubhekiswe. Buza inhloko yezidingo ezikhethekile zesifunda sakho sokubeletha mayelana nalokho abakwenzile esikhathini esidlule, futhi yimiphi imiphumela abayibonile. Uma uthanda lokho oyizwayo, ungahlala uphila kalula. Uma ungenjalo, usuvele uneqembu labantu abanokukhathazeka okwabelwana ngakho ngubani ongakwazi ukubhekana nalolu daba kusuka esikhundleni samandla.
Buza imibuzo
Uma ufana nabazali abaningi, awuqapheli ngokuphelele izinhlobo zokugqoka nokulungiselela okuphuthumayo kakade esikoleni esikoleni sakho. Ngeke ukwazi ukuthi ingane yakho isabele kanjani emiphakathini ephuthumayo esikhathini esidlule, noma ukuthi uthisha wengane yakho usize kanjani ekilasini lakhe ukuba lilungiselele. Yenza i-aphoyintimenti yokuhlala phansi futhi uxoxe nothisha wengane yakho ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngalokho akwenzile esikhathini esidlule, ukuthi yini esebenze kahle, nokuthi yini eyinkinga.
Cabanga Ngokubanzi
Uma isifunda sakho, isikole, noma uthisha ungenayo inqubomgomo eqinile noma uhlelo lokuphatha izingane ezidingekile eziphuthumayo, awusodwa. Cabanga ukusebenzisana nabanye abazali kanye nabasebenzi ukucabanga ngezidingo zohlu olubanzi lwabafundi abadinga izidingo zabo ezingahle zifane.
Sebenzisa amandla we-IEP yakho
Uhlelo lokufundisa oluzimele luyimqulu wezomthetho, futhi izindawo zokuhlala e-IEP zibophezela. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uhlelo oluphuthumayo oluphuthumayo oluyingxenye ye-IEP yengane yakho kumele lulandelwe. Esikhathini sakho, qiniseka ukuthi ufake okungenani okulandelayo:
- Indawo. Uma isigaba somntanakho sibandakanya abantu abanezinkinga zokuhamba, iklasi kufanele libe phansi.
- Izinhlelo eziqondile zezinkinga ezithile. "Indawo yokuhlala" ingaba umqondo omuhle ngezinye izinhlobo zezimo eziphuthumayo, kodwa kwabanye, kungaba yindlela ebulalayo.
- Indawo yokuhlala ngokuningiliziwe yezidingo zezingane zakho ezihlukahlukene eziphuthumayo. Imishini yokuchofoza i-Lockdown iyinselele kakhulu ezinganeni ezingakwazi ukulandela imilayezo ekhulunywe ngokushesha noma kalula noma ukuthula. Abasebenzi bazoxhumana kanjani nengane yakho? Iyiphi insizakalo ingane yakho okuzoyidinga ukuhlala ezolile? Kwenzekani uma ingane yakho ingathobeli ngokushesha?
- Amasu kanye namasu okusekela. Ngesikhathi esiphuthumayo noma i-lockdown, ayikho ukufinyelela ehhovisi le-nurse noma ezindaweni zokugcina. Uthisha noma umsizi womntanakho uzothola kanjani imithi yengane yakho noma ezinye izidingo ezidingekayo? Uphi uthisha noma umsizi ozohlala egcina uhlelo lwakho lwezokwaziswa eziphuthumayo? Bazokuxhumana kanjani uma kunesidingo?
- Hlanganisa. Isigaba somntanakho sizokwenza kangaki ukushayela okuphuthumayo? Bazokwazi kanjani ukulungiselela ama-drill? Kuzokwenzekani uma izingodo zihamba kabi?
Izwi elivela
Nakuba kungekho ndlela yokulungiselela zonke izimo eziphuthumayo, ukulungiselela okuyisisekelo ngaphambi kwesikhathi kungenza umehluko wezwe. Izihluthulelo zokugcina engqondweni kunoma iyiphi indawo zifaka kuqala, zibe nefomu lesimo esiphuthumayo ifomu eligcwalisiwe, likopishwe, labiwe, futhi liyatholakala futhi ezindaweni eziqakathekileko. Bese uqinisekisa ukuthi ingane yakho inokuhlonza okufanele kuhlanganise nolwazi lwezokwelapha. Yiba nesitoreji esiphuthumayo esitholakalayo esihlanganisa imithi nokududuza izinto bese ekugcineni usebenzise uhlelo lwakho.