Ama-decongestant ase-OTC angama-nasal aqukethe umsebenzi we-phenylephrine kahle.
Ngo-2006, uMongameli Bush wasayina uMthetho wokuPhathwa kweMethamphetamine Epidemic, ukuchitshiyelwa koMthetho wePatriot, emthethweni. Umthetho we-Combat Methamphetamine Epidemic wawuhloswe ukwenza kube nzima ukuthi abantu bathole ama-Sudafed namanye ama-decongestant brand aqukethe i- pseudoephedrine ngokuhambisa le mikhiqizo ngemuva kwe-counter counter, efuna abathengi ukuthi banikeze i-ID yesithombe, futhi banqande ukuthengisa ku-7.5 amagremu ikhasimende ngalinye ngenyanga.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izifunda eziningi ziye zabeka imingcele eyengeziwe ekutheni i-pseudophedrine yokudayiswa. Lezi zinguquko zenziwe ukuyeka ukuhanjiswa kwezidakamizwa ekukhiqizeni imithi ye-methamphetamine yomgwaqo.
Ngemuva kwalolu shintsho, abakhiqizi abaningi bezidakamizwa baye basusa i-pseudophedrine ye-phenylephrine eziningi zazo zokudumisa izitho zomlomo. Kodwa nansi into mayelana ne-phenylephrine: Ayisebenzi ngalokhu kahle. Uma usuke uthenge izinto ukuze uvimbe impumulo yakho, mhlawumbe uye wahlangabezana nosizo oluncane noma alukho. Ngokukhethekile, uma kunokwenzeka futhi kuyadingeka kakhulu ukuze uthole usizo olufushane kakhulu, thola i-Sudafed endala (equkethe pseudoephedrine) esikhundleni se-Sudafed PE (equkethe i-phenylephrine). Ukwengeza, uma udinga abangenalwazi, kufanele wenze i-aphoyintimenti ukuze ubone udokotela wakho wokunakekela oyinhloko.
Yini i-Pseudoephedrine ne-Phenylephrine?
Kokubili i-pseudoephedrine ne-phenylephrine yizidakamizwa ze-sympathomimetic ezenza ngokuzwelana ("ukulwa noma indiza") isimiso sezinzwa.
Ngokwemfundiso, lezi zidakamizwa kufanele zikume ngenxa yalokho zibeka ukukhwehlela okuhlukahlukene kanye nokulungiselela okubandayo kaningi kanye nokucindezela ukukhwehlela nama-antihistamine. Okuphawulayo, abacwaningi basikisela ukuthi njenge-phenylephrine, ama-antihistamine enza kancane ukuhlanganiswa nezinkomba ezibandayo.
Ngokuqondile, i-pseudoephedrine inomsebenzi we-alpha- no-beta-adrenergic oqondile futhi ongaqondile kodwa ukhiqiza ngokwelapha ukuvuselela okuningi kwe-beta-adrenergic.
Nakuba, i-phenylephrine i-agonist e-alpha-adrenergic ngqo.
Umehluko obalulekile phakathi kwezidakamizwa ezimbili uhlobene namazinga amakhulu kakhulu angaphambene nokuqala kokudlula umzimba. Nakuba amaphesenti angama-90 e-pseudoephedrin enza kube yi-gut mu-systemic circulation, amaphesenti angu-38 kuphela e-phenylephrine enza kube ngegazi lethu. Ngamanye amazwi, ugcina uphazamisa i-phenylephrine engaphezulu kunokuba umzimba wakho ubambe.
Ucwaningo lwe-Phenylephrine
Ukuze kulunge, ucwaninga mayelana nokuphumelela kwe-phenylephrin ekuqedeni ukuhlanganiswa kwesisu kuhlanganisiwe, futhi kuyo yonke indawo. Isibonelo, ukuhlaziywa kwe-meta-ukulinganisa ukuphathwa kwe-10 mg phenylephrine nokuphathwa kwe-placebo kubathinteli abacwaninga ukuphakamisa ukuthi i-phenylephrine inganciphisa ukumelana kwamanqamu emanzini, i-biomarker ye-congestion, ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-20. Kodwa-ke, lolu cwaningo lwaluxhaswe nge-consortium yemithwalo yemithi.
Ukulingwa okulinganiselwe kokulawulwa kwe-randomized kanye nezinye ukuhlaziywa kuqhathaniswa ne-phenylephrin ne-placebo okwenziwe ukuthi asikho umehluko phakathi kokubili okungenzeka ukuthi i-phenylephrine ayenzi lutho kodwa ikhulula isikhwama semali esikweleta.
Okuphawulayo, abanye abacwaningi basikisela ukuthi ngenxa yokwanda kokuqala kokudlula umzimba, ukwanda kwamaminithi e-phenylephrin kungase kuphumelele ukunciphisa ukucinana kwamanzi.
(Sicela uxoxisane yonke imithi kanye neminganiso nodokotela wakho.) Kodwa ngubani owaziyo? Lokho esikwaziyo ukuthi emithini enobuthi izidakamizwa ze-sympathomimetic zinezimo ezimbi ezibandakanya ingozi ephakeme yengcindezi yegazi (i-hypertension), i-hemorrhage engasebenzi, noma ukuhlasela kwenhliziyo okwenza kabili noma kabili ukulinganisa umthamo wokusebenza okuyingozi.
Izwi elivela
Sicela ukhumbule ukuthi nakuba ungadingi imithi yokuthenga izidakamizwa ukuthenga izidakamizwa ngaphezulu kwe-counter, basesezidakamizwa ezinemiphumela emibi engaba khona. Kufanele njalo ubuze udokotela wakho iseluleko ngaphambi kokuthatha noma yikuphi izidakamizwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma uthatha izidakamizwa ezingaphezu kwe-counter for the disease, kufanele ube nalokhu kugula okuhlolwe udokotela wakho.
Uma wena noma othandekayo unesizathu esicasulayo sokungqubuzana komzimba, yenza ngokwakho umusa futhi uhlanzeke ngemithi eminingi yomlomo (OTC) equkethe i-phenylephrine. Uma kufanele, futhi ngenxa yokusebenzisa isikhathi esifushane ngaphambi kokuba ubone udokotela wakho wokunakekela oyinhloko, cabangela ukulungiselela okuqukethe i-pseudoephedrine (okungase isebenze kangcono kune-phenylephrin) noma i-decongestant yangasese efomini yefrayimu (i-decongestant yama-topical).
Sicela uhlale ukhumbule ukuthi nakuba kusebenza ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu, ukusebenzisa isikhathi eside ama-decongestants angama-topical kungabangela ukuhlanganiswa kwe-nasal ekhuphuka , umjikelezo ononya ogcina ekugcineni ukunyanyiswa kwe-nasal. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma ukuxubana kwakho noma ezinye izimpawu ezibandayo ziqhubeka izinsuku ezimbalwa, kufanele wenze i-aphoyintimenti ukuze ubone udokotela oyinhloko, udokotela noma umsizi wezokwelapha ongakwazi ukubona ukuthi isimo sakho sisifo esingathí sina esingaphezulu kakhulu sokuphefumula.
> Imithombo
> Benowitz NL. Isahluko 132. I-Pseudoephedrine, i-Phenylephrin, namanye amaDonestant. Ku: Olson KR. ama-eds. Ukushisa nokudlulela kwezidakamizwa, 6e . ENew York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2012.
> Isihloko esithi "Ukusebenza nokuphepha kwe-Oral Phenylephrine: Ukubuyekezwa kwesistimu kanye ne-Meta-Analysis" kaRC Hatton kanye nabalobi ababambisene nabo futhi kwanyatheliswa ku -Annals of Pharmacotherapy ngo-2007.
> Isihloko esithi "I-phenylephrine yomlomo: Ukushintshwa okungenakusebenza kwe-pseudoephedrine?" ngu-H Hendeles noRC Hatton futhi banyatheliswa kuyi- Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology ngo-2006.
> Isihloko esithi "Meta-Ukuhlaziywa kobuciko be-Single Dose of Phenylephrine 10 mg Ngokuqhathaniswa ne-Placebo kuBantu abadala abane-Acular Nasal Congestion ngenxa yeCold Common" ngoC Kollar nabambhali abambisene nabo abashicilelwe ku- Clinical Therapeutics ngo-2007.
> Westfall TC, Westfall DP. Isahluko 12. Ama-Agonists ne-Antagonist. Ku: Brunton LL, Chabner BA, Knollmann BC. ama-eds. Goodman & Gilman's The Baseline of Therapeutics, 12e . ENew York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2011.