Abesifazane abakhulelwe - ikakhulukazi abesifazane abakhulelwe abanezifo - badinga iodine eyengeziwe. Iodine iyadingeka ngoba iyisakhiwo sokwakha umzimba womzimba we- hormone yegciwane . Phakathi ne-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa, lapho umntwana engakwazi ukukhiqiza i-hormone ye-thyroid, umama uveza "i-hormone ye-thyroid emibili," kusho. Uma engenayo i-iodine eyanele ohlelweni lwakhe, impilo yengane yakhe - kanye nempilo yakhe - ingahle ihlupheke ngenxa yokungabi nanele kwehomoni ye-thyroid.
Nakuba ukulahlekelwa kwe-iodine akuyona inkinga e-United States, iyakhula. Ngasekupheleni kuka-2006, iKomiti Yezempilo Yomphakathi we-American Thyroid Association (ATA) yakhipha isitatimende ephephandabeni I- Thyroid icela bonke abesifazane abakhulelwe ukuba bahlanganise nge-iodine. Futhi isifundo se-National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) sika-2003 kuya ku-2004 sathola ukuthi abesifazane abangaphezu kuka-37% abaneminyaka yobudala yokubeletha banamanani ama-iodine amaminerali abonisa ukuntuleka kwe-iodine encane.
Izinga eliphakanyisiwe le-iodine
Ukukhathazeka ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-iodine ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye ne-lactation (ukubeletha) kuye kwabangela izinhlangano eziningana ezikhishwa imihlahlandlela nezincomo zokudla kwe-iodine. Ngokusho kwe- New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM), lezi yizigaba eziphakanyisiwe zokudla kwe-iodine nsuku zonke ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokulahlwa:
- Ukudla kwe-iodine yansuku zonke ye-220 μg ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye no-290 μg ngesikhatsi se-lactation - I-Institute of Medicine
- Ukudla kwe-iodine yansuku zonke ye-250 μg yabesifazane abakhulelwe nabalahlayo - I-World Health Organization
- I-vitamin enezinga le-iodine lika-150 μg labesifazane abakhulelwe nabalahlayo - I-American Thyroid Association
Imihlahlandlela ka-2011 yezifo ze-thyroid ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa iphinde iphakamisa i-iodine supplementation ngesikhathi sokuqala kokukhulelwa, ukukhulelwa kanye nokuncelisa.
Ngenkathi abesifazane abaningi becabanga ukuthi amavithamini asulele kokubeletha anezakhi zomzimba ezidingekayo owesifazane okhulelwe, okuqukethwe kwe-iodine yama-multivitamini engakabhadiswa e-United States ayigunyaziwe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amavithamini okubeletha anamazinga ahlukahlukene okuqukethwe kwe-iodine, futhi ngoba iodine kuwo ingavela emithonjeni ehlukene, ngokuvamile ihlinzeka ngezinga langempela le-iodine elihlukile embonweni oshiwo.
I- NEJM ibike ukuhlolwa okwakubheka ama-non-prescription angu-127 namaphesenti angu-96 asemtholampilo asanda kudayiswa e-United States. Kulawa ma-multivitamini, 114 (87 engekho emthethweni, imithi engu-27) iqukethe iodine. Ngokuvamile, ingxenye engamahhafu amavithamini ahlolwe iqukethe i-iodine, nge-32% yamavithamini angakabhaliswa ngaphambi kokubeletha, futhi amaphesenti angama-72% amavithamini asemtholampilo asetshenzisiwe ayengenayo i-iodine.
Phakathi kwalawo ahlanganisa i-iodine, i-89% yayine-150 μg noma ngaphezulu kwe-iodine ngomthamo wansuku zonke. Abaningi bathola iodine yabo e-kelp noma e-iodide ye-potassium. Abacwaningi bahlola okuqukethwe kwe-iodine kuma-amavithamini angama-60 okubeletha nge-iodine futhi bathola ukuthi ngokuvamile, ngamavithamini nge-i-potassium iodine, okuqukethwe kwe-iodine kwakungalingana no-76% we-content ephelele ye-iodide ye-potassium.
I-kelp ayizange inikeze amazinga we-iodine athembekile, noma kunjalo, futhi ahlukahlukene ngamaphesenti angama-50 kusuka emazingeni ahloliwe. Imikhiqizo eyishumi yayinezindinganiso ze-iodine ezinikezwe ngaphansi kwesigamu sezinga le-iodine.
Ngokusho kochwepheshe, ukuhlangabezana neziqondiso ezincane zika-150 μg abesifazane abakhulelwe nabanqunu abakhuthazwa yi-American Thyroid Association, abakhiqizi be-multivitamines ezithathelanayo e-United States kufanele bakhuthazwe ukuba bahlanganise iodine - kodwa kuphela kwifomu e-iodide ye-potassium ethembekile - futhi kufaka okungenani u-197 μg we-iodide ye-potassium nsuku zonke, okuzoqinisekisa ukuthi lawa mavithamini aqukethe 150 μg ye-iodine yosuku olwengeziwe.
Ngo-2015, uMkhandlu we-US for Responsible Nutrition wabiza ukuthi "bonke abakhiqizi abangezela ukudla nabathengisi baqale ukufaka okungenani ama 150 μg we-iodine kuwo wonke ama-multivitamin / amaminerali ayenziwe nsuku zonke ahloselwe abesifazane abakhulelwe nabalahlayo e-United States ezinyangeni ezingu-12 ezizayo . "
Imithombo:
> Leung, Angela MD et. al. "Okuqukethwe kwe-Iodine ye-Multivitamines yase-United States,", i-New England Journal of Medicine, uMqulu 360: 939-940, ngo-February 26, 2009, inombolo 9