Ukuchaza Imigomo Ehlukahlukene Ehambisana Nezinga 4 Igciwane lesisu
Igama elithi "metastatic" lisetshenziswe ngezindlela ezahlukene ngomdlavuza wesifuba , ngakho ake siqale ngokuhlola izincazelo ezimbalwa zamagama ongayithola.
Ukuchaza "i-Metastatic"
Umdlavuza wesifuba we-metastatic ufana nesigaba sesine somdlavuza webele futhi uthathwa njengesigaba esiphezulu kakhulu somdlavuza webele. Libhekisela emangqamuzaneni amabele asakaze ngaphesheya kwesifuba nakwezinye izifunda zomzimba njengamathambo, isibindi, ubuchopho, noma amaphaphu (okubizwa nangokuthi yi-metastases eseduze).
Kodwa-ke, uma ufunde nganoma yimiphi imibiko yakho ye-pathology, isibonelo, ukuhlolwa okubhaliwe mayelana ne-lymph node biopsy oye waba nayo, kungenzeka ukuthi ubonile igama elithi "metastatic." Ama-metastases kuya ku-lymph nodes-ukusakazeka komdlavuza ku-lymph ama-node-akusho ukuthi unomdlavuza wesifuba we-metastatic. Kunalokho, i-metastases ye-lymph node ibalulekile ngokuyinhloko ngoba iyisignali ukuthi umdlavuza wakho unamandla okusakazeka noma ube yimetastatic.
Amanqamu angadluliselwa ngezindlela ezimbalwa-ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lwe-lymphatic noma ngegazi. Uma isifo somdlavuza webele usakazeka bese ufaka isimiso se-lymphism esivame ukufika kuqala kuma-lymph nodes esiseduze futhi kungenzeka sisengumdlavuza webele wekusasa.
Qaphela ukuthi uma umdlavuza webele usakazeka usa namdlavuza wesifuba. Uma ngabe uthatha isampula yomdlavuza kulezi zindawo bese uyibheka ngaphansi kwe-microscope, ukubukeka kuzoba ngamaseli webele omdlavuza, hhayi amathambo, isibindi noma amaseli wamaphaphu.
Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, umdlavuza webele usakazeke emathanjeni awubizwa ngokuthi umdlavuza wamathambo, kodwa kunalokho "umdlavuza webele wesifuba emathanjeni."
I-Cancer Advanced Breast Cancer
I-oncologist yakho ingasebenzisa igama elithi "umdlavuza webele wesifuba" uma ukhuluma ngesifo sakho, noma ungafunda leli gama uma ufunda ngomdlavuza wakho.
Umdlavuza webele wesifuba esiphambanweni uvame ukubhekisela emangqamuzaneni amabele okuphakathi kwesigaba 3B noma isigaba 4 (semetastatic).
Lezi zicubu okwamanje azitholakali, kodwa lezi zomshukela ziyakwelapha kakhulu futhi zokwelashwa zingakwazi ukunweba impilo nokunciphisa izimpawu zomdlavuza. Isikhathi esiphezulu sokusinda nomdlavuza wesifuba se-metastatic siyathuthuka, futhi kukhona abanye abantu abasinde isikhathi eside ngemuva kokuxilongwa komdlavuza webele we-metastatic.
Okumangalisa ngokungahambisani nokungahlali
Igama elithi umdlavuza webele we-invasive uyesabisa, kodwa njengama-metastase kuma-lymph nodes, akusho ukuthi umdlavuza unemetastatic. Igama elithi umdlavuza webele we-invasive libhekisela kunoma imuphi umdlavuza osakaze ngaphesheya kwendawo ebizwa ngokuthi "i-membrane engaphansi." Eqinisweni, isigaba esisodwa somdlavuza webele ongacatshangwa ukuthi singenayo yi-carcinoma in situ noma isigaba somdlavuza webele 0. Izitebhisi IA kuya esigabeni 4 umdlavuza webele zonke zibhekwa njengomdlavuza webele we-invasive.
Izinhlobo Ezinkulu
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zomdlavuza wesifuba we-metastatic, futhi ngaphakathi kwalezi zigaba ezijwayelekile, kunezinhlobo eziningi zamangqamuzana emkhatsini wegazi ezihlukahlukene.
Amagciwane ebeletha aqale ahluke phakathi kwezinhlobo ezinkulu:
- I-Metastatic Intraductal Breast Cancer - I-Cantracttal, noma i-ductal cancer yamabele yiyo eqala amangqamuzana e-epithithelial (amangqamuzana elayini) amathanga ebisi. Lona uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza webele, ukubalwa kwamacala amane kwawahlanu. Kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa ze-ductal carcinoma zesifuba kubandakanya i-tubular, i-medullary, i-papillary, ne-mucinous phakathi kwabanye. Lezi zingahluka esikhathini esivamile sokuqala, ukuhlukunyezwa, nokunye okuningi.
- Umdlavuza we-Breast Intralobular we-Metastatic - I-Intralobular, noma umdlavuza webele we-lobular uvela emangqamuzana e-epithelial afaka imigqa yamaphaphu enza ubisi. Lona uhlobo lwesibili oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza webele, ukubalwa kwamaphesenti angama-10 ekhansela. Kuvame ukuvela kwabesifazane asebekhulile ngokuphathelene ne-ductal carcinomas, kodwa lokhu kungahlukahluka.
- I-Metastatic Inflammatory Cancer Breast - Ngokungafani nemisipha eminingi yebele, isifo somdlavuza wesifuba uvame ukuhamba ngezigaba eziphambili zesifo ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa. Lezi zomshukela, okuyi-akhawunti engama-1 kwezingu-100 zomdlavuza webele, ngokuvamile zibonakala njengebubomvu futhi zivuvukala esifubeni kunokuba ihluke.
- Izifo zika-Paget - Isifo se- Paget sibalwa cishe ngamaphesenti ayisihlanu emdlavuza webele futhi sikhuphuka emiphakathini ye-ingono. Lezi zomshukela zivame ukuqala nge-red, scaly kwi-ingono, futhi zivame ukuhlotshaniswa nomdlavuza ongena emgodini ojulile esifubeni.
- Izinhlobo ezingavamile zeCanscer Breast - Kunezinhlobo eziningana zezinhlobo zamangqamuzana ezingaba khona ezincelweni ezifana nezicubu ze-phyllode, ama-sarcomas, nokuningi.
I-De Novo Cancer
Umdlavuza webele we-No novo ubhekisela kumdlavuza webele we-metastatic ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa kokuqala kanye nama-akhawunti amaphesenti ayisihlanu kuya kweyishumi amakilasi webele we-metastatic.
Ngezinye izikhathi, kutholakala ukuthi i-metastases ihlolwa uma ukuhlolwa okufana ne-PET scan kwenziwa enkambeni yokumisa umdlavuza webele. Ngokuvamile, amasayithi we-metastase atholakele kuqala, ngaphambi kokuba umdlavuza webele utholakale. Isibonelo, umuntu angase abe nokuphuka, futhi ku-ray ray, ama-metastases angatholakala esitokisini esingaphansi kwe-fracture. Umdlavuza wesifuba ungase utholakale njengengxenye yempikiswano yokunquma indawo yomdlavuza wokuqala.
I-Cancer ephindaphindiwe
Iningi lesikhathi (amaphesenti angama-90 kuya kwangu-95 wesikhathi) umdlavuza webele wesisu uveza ukuphindaphinda komdlavuza wesifuba sangaphambilini.
Ukuphindaphinda ngemuva komdlavuza webele oyinhloko kungenzeka izinyanga, iminyaka, noma ngisho namashumi eminyaka elandela isisu sokuqala. Isikhathi sokuphindaphinda singanikeza i-oncologist yakho ulwazi olubalulekile ngomdlavuza wakho. Ngokwesibonelo, izicubu eziphindaphinda zingakapheli iminyaka emithathu yomdlavuza wangempela zivame ukwedlula ukwedlula izicubu ezibuye zibuyele emuva, nakuba futhi, lokhu akusilo njalo.
Asiqiniseki ukuthi amangqamuzana omdlavuza angakwazi "ukufihla" noma ukuthi kungani evela futhi. Enye inkolelo yokuthi kukhona ubukhulu phakathi kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza, ama-cell stem amangqamuzana ephikisana kakhulu nemithi esiyisebenzisela umdlavuza webele. Ngesizathu esithile, la maseli omdlavuza asinda empilweni esiyisebenzisayo futhi alala phansi, elinde futhi aqale ukukhula esikhathini esithile kamuva.
Siyazi ukuthi umdlavuza webele we-estrogen receptor positive cishe amathuba okuphindaphinda eminyakeni emihlanu yokuqala emva kokwelashwa kunalokho okungeyona imitholampilo ye-estrogen.
Ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nzima ukwazi ukuthi ukuphindaphindiwe ukuphindaphinda kweqiniso. Kucatshangwa ukuthi i-cancer ephindaphinda ezinyangeni ezintathu zokuqala ngemuva kokwelashwa akuyona ukuphindaphinda kweqiniso kodwa kunalokho ukuqhubeka komdlavuza wokuqala.
Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wesifuba we-metastatic ngokuvamile kuvamile uma kumelela ukuphindaphinda noma umdlavuza webele we-novo, kodwa kukhona umehluko. I- tumor engumtholampilo ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa ingase ibe nobudlova, kodwa lokhu akusiyo njalo njalo. Ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza webele, ezifana nomdlavuza wesifuba wokuvuvukala, zingase zitholakale uma sezivele zikhona imetastatic.
Izwi elivela
Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ngisho noma amashavuza amabili womdlavuza webele we-ductal ane-subtype efanayo, kusengaba nenani lemehluko. Wonke umdlavuza webele uhlukile. Eqinisweni, eziningi zokwelapha ezintsha zomdlavuza zibhekisela kwezinye zezinto ezihlukile zemangqamuzana phakathi kwamaqanda asebele.
Esinye sezizathu eziwusizo ukuqonda ukuthi yonke imdlavuza ihluke kanjani ngoba-uma kungakaze kwenzeke-cishe uzoqala ukuzwa ngabanye abaye babhekana nohlobo oluthi "olufanayo" lomdlavuza webele. Abangane abahlose kahle kanye namalungu omndeni bangabelana ngezindaba zendlela omunye umuntu azi ngayo ngohlobo olufanayo lomdlavuza njengoba wenza ngendlela yokwelapha. Lezi zindaba zingalandelwa iziphakamiso ezengeziwe zokuthi umdlavuza wakho kufanele uphathwe kanjani.
Ngisho noma udadewabo womyeni womngane womngane wakho wesithathu owayenomdlavuza wesifuba ofanayo ngendlela efanayo nesimo se-estrogen receptor, lokhu akusho ukuthi umdlavuza wakho ufana noma uzophendula ekwelapheni okufanayo.
Wonke umuntu uhlukile futhi yonke imdlavuza ihlukile. Izibalo zingasinika ulwazi oluthe xaxa, kodwa eziningi zalezi zibalo zahlanganiswa ngaphambi kokuba imithi emisha ye-metastatic isatholakala. Kungase kudingeke ukuthi, ngezinye izikhathi, ukhumbuze ngobumnene abangane bakho ukuthi uphishekela ukwelashwa ozizwa kulungile kuwe wedwa. I-Period.
> I-American Cancer Society. Amanani nezinombolo ze-Cancer 2016. https://www.cancer.org/content/dam/cancer-org/research/cancer-facts-and-statistics/annual-cancer-facts-and-figures/2016/cancer-facts- futhi-izibalo-2016.pdf
> DeVita, Vincent., Et al. I-Cancer: Izimiso Nokusebenza Kwe-Oncology. Cancer of the Breast. I-Wolters Kluwer, ngo-2016.