Izinguquko emzimbeni wakho emva kokufakelwa kwakho zingandisa ingozi yomdlavuza wakho
Ngenkathi ukufakelwa kwezinso ngokusobala kuyindlela yokwelashwa kwezinso ezithandwayo kunazo zonke, (futhi ishaya ngokuya ku-dialysis nanoma yiluphi usuku), ayiveli ngaphandle kwezingozi zayo. Lezi zivela ezinkingeni ezinjengobungozi obandayo bokutheleleka, ukuthunyelwa kwesifo sikashukela , ukufaka ingozi yezinhlobo ezithile zegciwane.
Iningi labantu elibheke ukufakelwa kwezinso njengendlela yokwelashwa kuthatha isikhashana lapho befunda lokhu okokuqala okokuqala.
Kodwa-ke, uhlelo lokufakelwa okuhle luzofakaza ukuthi kungenzeka umdlavuza njengengxenye yokululekwa kwangaphambi kokutshala.
Yikuphi ukwelashwa okwenza umamukeli we-Kidney Transplant Recipient Uthola Iseluleko Mayelana?
Uma kuqhathaniswa nomphakathi jikelele, umuntu othola ukufakelwa kwezinso uzobhekana nobungozi obukhulu bezinhlobo ezithile zokuhlukunyezwa. Uhlu lubanzi, olwandisa izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ezimbili zomdlavuza. Nokho, ezinye zezinto ezivamile ziyi:
- I-cancer kanesikhumba, kuhlanganise ne-melanoma
- Amanqamu we-hematologic system / blood cancers, i-lymphoma
- Umdlavuza wezinso, zombili izinso zabo ezizalwayo, kanye nezinso ezintsha ezitshalwe kabusha
- Amanqamu emaphethelweni emathunjini-amasayithi angabandakanya ikholoni, i-rectum, i-pancreas, njll.
- Umdlavuza we-Lung
Inkinga ebalulekile ukuqonda lapha ukuthi akuyona nje ukufakelwa kwezinso okubeka umamukeli engozini ephezulu yamagciwane. Abanye abamukeli begciwane lesandulela ngculazi babhekana nezingozi ezifanayo, kodwa uhlobo lwezinqamuzana ezibonwayo, ukuthi kulabo abaneziphazamisi zamaphaphu, behluke ngengozi yomdlavuza kulabo abathola ukufakelwa kwezinso.
Kungani Ingozi Ikhula?
Umbono ovelele phakathi kwabamukeli wukuthi "umdlavuza weza uhlanganiswe nendikimba yokufakelwa." Nakuba lokhu kungenzeka, akusona isizathu esivame kakhulu somuntu ukuthuthukisa umdlavuza ngemuva kokuthola ukufakelwa kwezinso. Nazi ezinye izincazelo eziningi:
- Ukwelashwa kwe-immunosuppressive: Njengoba ungase ukwazi, ukuthola ukufakelwa kwezinso kuhlanganisa ukutholakala nemithi yokuvimbela isimiso sakho somzimba. Ngokuvamile lezi mithi kudingeka ziqhutshwe kuze kube phakade. Uhlobo oluthile lwemithi esetshenziselwa le njongo ngemuva kokufakelwa kabusha kungase kwande ingozi yakho ngaphezu kwabanye.
Isibonelo, imishanguzo ye-immunosuppressant eqondisa izinhlobo ezithile zamangqamuzana egazi amhlophe (isibonelo i-OKT3 noma i-antilymphocyte serum) izokwandisa kakhulu ingozi yento ethi "i-post-transplant disorder lymphoproliferative" noma i-PTLD. Nokho, ngokuphindaphindiwe, yilokho izinga / izinga lokuzivivinya umzimba elibangelwa ukutholakala ngezidakamizwa eziningi zokuhlukunyezwa kwamagciwane, kunokuba kube nomuthi othile othize, okwandisa ingozi yomdlavuza.
Indlela elula yokuqonda lo mqondo ukubona ukuthi amangqamuzana omdlavuza ayenziwa njalo emzimbeni wethu, ngokujwayelekile. Isizathu sokuthi asiyikuhlakulela ukulimala okusha nsuku zonke kungenxa yokuthi lawa maseli omdlavuza we-"monkey-alone" ahlonishwa ngokuzivikela komzimba wethu futhi wabhujiswa ekuqaleni. Ngakho-ke, amasosha omzimba wethu akuyona nje indlela yokuzivikela yokulwa nokutheleleka, futhi kuyindlela yokuzivikela ngokumelene nokukhiqizwa kwamaseli okufuze (okungahle kube mdlavuza). Ukunciphisa lesi simiso sokuzivikela komzimba ngaleyo ndlela kuyokwandisa ingozi yomdlavuza.
- Izifo: Izifo ezithile ze-viral zandisa kakhulu ingozi yamagciwane. Abamukeli bezinso zokufakelwa kwezinso babhekana nengozi enkulu yokutheleleka ngegciwane ngenxa yesimiso sokuzivivinya umzimba. Ama-virus aphindaphindiwe ngokuthatha kanye nokucubungula imishini yethu yokuphindaphinda amaseli (i-DNA kwezinye izimo). Lokhu kungaba yinye isizathu esingaba isizathu sokuthi kungani ukutheleleka ngokwegciwane kungandisa ingozi yomdlavuza.
Izibonelo zala ma virus zifaka igciwane le-Epstein-Barr (okwandisa ingozi ye-lymphoma), i-Human Herpes Virus-8 (ehlobene neKapasi sarcoma), ne-Human Papilloma Virus (ehambisana ne-cancer yesikhumba).
Yini Ongayenza Ukunciphisa Ingozi Yomdlavuza Wakho?
Ukufunda ukuthi usengozini enkulu yomdlavuza uyayethusa futhi kungakwenza wenze ukucabanga ukuqala ukufakelwa, kodwa ukwenqaba ukufakelwa komzimba ngoba kwandisa ingozi yengane yegazi engasetshenziselwa ukwandisa iningi ngenxa yengozi yokufa ngenxa yokuhluleka kwezinso. isikhathi esifushane ngokuvamile singaphezu kweengozi yomdlavuza. Ngakho-ke, emva kokululekwa kwangaphambi kokutshala kabusha, futhi uma uthola ukufakelwa kwezinso, ukuhlolwa komdlavuza kunconywa njengengxenye yesimiso sokujwayelekile sokunakekelwa kokutshala kabusha ukunciphisa ingozi.
I-American Society of Transplantation (AST) ishicilele imihlahlandlela yokuhlola umdlavuza kulabo abanokufakelwa kwezinso.
Nakhu okubukeziwe kokuhlolwa okuvamile okunye (ezinye zalezi zincomo zokuhlola zifana neyabantu abaningi):
- Umdlavuza wesikhumba: Abamukeli be-Transplant baceliwe ukuba bazihlole ngokwabo njalo ngenyanga ukuze babheke ama-moles / amachashazi angavamile. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa nokuhlolwa konyaka kwesikhumba okungenziwa yidermatologist.
- Umdlavuza wesibeletho: Kulaba besifazane abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 ubudala, ukuhlolwa kwonyaka wokuhlolwa kwe-mammography noma ngaphandle kokuhlolwa kwebele kunconywa. Ukuhlolwa okunjalo kungabhekwa njengabesifazane abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-40 ubudala, uma udokotela nesiguli bezwa ukuthi kuqinisekisiwe.
- Umdlavuza we-prostate: Ukuhlolwa kwe-digital rectal nokuhlolwa kwe-PSA kwamadoda angaphezu kweminyaka engu-50.
- Umdlavuza weColon / rectal: I- Colonoscopy njalo eminyakeni eyishumi emva kweminyaka engama-50, futhi ukuvivinywa kwesigodlo sonyaka ukuthola igazi.
Yenza okusemandleni akho ukuthi uhlele ngokufanelekile lezi zibuko zokunciphisa ingozi yakho.
> Imithombo:
> Tonelli M et al. Ukubuyekezwa okuhlelekile: ukufakelwa kwezinso zezinso kuqhathaniswa ne-dialysis emiphumeleni efanelekayo emitholampilo. 2011 Oct; 11 (10): 2093-109. i-doi: 10.1111 / j.1600-6143.2011.03686.x. Epub 2011 Aug 30.
> Izilimi EA et al. Isimangalo somngcipheko womdlavuza phakathi kwabamukeli bezitho zomzimba eziqinile zase-US. I-JAMA. 2011 Nov 2; 306 (17): 1891-901. doi: 10.1001 / jama.2011.1592.
> Desai R et al. Ukudluliswa komdlavuza kusuka kubanikeli bomzimba-ingozi engenakugwema kodwa engaphansi. Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo. 2012 Dec 27; 94 (12): 1200-7. i-doi: 10.1097 / TP.0b013e318272df41.
> Buell JF et al. Ukuhlukumeza emva kokufakelwa kabusha. Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo. 2005 Oct 15; 80 (2 Suppl): S254-64.
> Kasiske BL et al. Izincomo zokuqapha iziguli zamukeli bokuguqulwa kwamazinyo. I-American Society of Transplantation. J Am Soc Nephrol. U-2000 Okthoba; U-Suppl 15: S1-86.