Amaqiniso mayelana nephilisi yokukhipha isisu nokuqeda ukukhulelwa ngemithi
NgoSeptemba 28, 2000, i-Food and Drug Administration (FDA) yamemezela ukugunyazwa kwe-RU-486. umuthi ophikisanayo ovame ukubizwa ngokuthi " iphilisi yokukhipha isisu ." Inqunywe e-United States igama elithi Mifeprex (mifepristone).
Isidakamizwa sase sisetshenziswe ngaphambilini eYurophu futhi yasheshe samukelwa e-United States. Ngemuva kokuvunywa kwayo, inani lokukhipha isisu liye lahlelwa yizigidi ezingaphezu kwesigamu ngonyaka kusukela ngo-2001 kuya ku-2011.
Inani lokukhipha isisu liye lancipha ngenkathi inani lokukhipha isisu elivuthiwe lakhula lenza cishe ingxenye yesine yenani.
I-FDA Izinguquko ngo-2016 nge-Mifeprex
Okuhlangenwe nakho komtholampilo kokuphepha kokukhipha isisu okubangelwa ukuvotela okubangelwa ukuvuthwa okubangelwa ukuguqulwa kwaholela ekushintsheni ohlelweni olugunyaziwe lwe-FDA ngo-2016 oluvumela ukuthi lusetshenziswe izinsuku ezingu-70 zokubeletha futhi aludingi ukuvakashelwa komuntu ngomthamo we-misoprostol nokuhlolwa kwe-post-treatment. I-label yokuqala ye-FDA yayizosetshenziswa kuze kube yizinsuku ezingu-49 zokubeletha, okwenza kube yindlela yokukhethwa kweziguli ezingu-37 zokukhipha isisu. Iwindi yezinsuku ezingu-70 yenza kube yinketho ngamaphesenti angama-75 weziguli zokukhipha isisu. Imikhombandlela ka-2016 iphinda inikeze ukuthi ngubani ongakwazi ukubeka umuthi.
Indlela uMifeprex enikeziwe ngayo
Imithetho yokuqala ye-RU-486 (i-Mifeprex) idinga ukuvakashelwa kathathu ehhovisi likadokotela ngenkathi imihlahlandlela ebuyekeziwe ifuna ukuvakashelwa okukodwa kokubili kuphela. Isidakamizwa singenziwa kuphela udokotela ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwe-chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) yomuntu, okulinganisa izinga le-hormone elikhiqizwa emzimbeni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Odokotela nabo badinga ukwenza i-sonogram ukuqinisekisa futhi baqaphele ukukhulelwa. Imikhombandlela ka-2016 ivumela ukuthi imithi isetshenziselwe izinsuku ezingu-70 zokubeletha (amasonto ayishumi).
Uma ukukhulelwa kuqinisekisiwe, uzonikezwa izinhlobo ezimbili zemithi. Okokuqala, uzonikezwa umthamo owodwa we-mifepristone, okuzokwenza kube nzima ukuba iqanda elikhulelwe lihlale lihambelane nesibindi sesisu sakho.
Ekuqaleni, umthamo wawuyiziphilisi ezintathu, kodwa lokhu kuncishiswa kwaba yithebulethi eyodwa, ethathwe ngomlomo.
Imithi yesibili, i-misoprostol, ibangela ukuchotshozwa kwe-uterine futhi kuthathwa izinsuku ezimbili kamuva. Imihlahlandlela emisha ivumela ukuthi ilawulwe ekhaya njengamaphilisi amane owabeka esihlathini sakho esikhundleni sokugwinya, ukuvumela ukuba bachithe imizuzu engama-30. Imikhombandlela yokuqala, ephoqelelwe yizifundazwe ezithile, ifuna ukuthi uvakashele udokotela wakho ukuze athathe le mithi yesibili.
I-Misoprostol iqeda ukukhulelwa noma yikuphi amahora ayisithupha kuya kwesonto elilodwa. Kumele ulungele ukugcoba nokweqa, okungase kuqhubeke izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekela impilo kumele ahlole isimo sakho izinsuku eziyisikhombisa kuya kwezingu-14 emva kokuthatha mifepristone. I-FDA ayisacacisi ukuthi lokhu kufanele kube ukuvakasha kwangaphakathi komuntu. Uma ukukhulelwa kusekhona, ukukhipha isisu kufanele kwenziwe.
Imiphumela emibi eyenzekayo ye-RU-486 ihlanganisa izikhukhula ze-uterine, ukukhathala, ukucwenga, nokusuka okukhulu. Abaningi besifazane balulame ngokuphelele emahoreni ambalwa kuya kwesonto. Izinga lokuphumelela ukukhipha isisu ngamaphesenti angu-92 kuya ku-92.5% emasontweni ayisikhombisa okukhulelwa. Lokhu kushiya iphesenti elincane labesifazane abangadinga ukuhlinzwa okungeziwe.
Uma usola ukuthi ungakhulelwa futhi ufuna ukusebenzisa iphilisi yokukhipha isisu ukuze uqede ukukhulelwa kwakho, kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho noma umtholampilo wendawo ngokushesha ukuze uxoxe ngezinketho zakho.
Izinzuzo Nokungalungi
Izinzuzo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuqedwa kokuxilongwa kokukhulelwa yizinga eliphakeme lokuphumelela futhi iqiniso lokuthi liphansi kakhulu futhi libuhlungu kakhulu kunokukhipha isisu.
Ngokuqondene nokungalungi, i-Mifeprex kungenzeka ukuthi ayiyona inketho yabesifazane abanezinkinga zesibindi noma izinso, i-anemia, isifo sikashukela, noma labo abakhuluphele ngokweqile. Kungase kungasebenzi uma kuhlangene nezinye izidakamizwa. Imiphumela emibi ingabandakanya ukuchotshozwa okuncane, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo, nokuphuma kwamanzi okugcina izinsuku eziyisishiyagalombili kuya kwezingu-10.
Izinguquko kumhlahlandlela we-FDA kubonisa umkhuba odokotela abaningi. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izifunda zase zidlulile umthetho odinga ukunamathela ngokuqinile kwi-labeling ye-FDA kunokuba kusetshenziswe ukusetshenziswa kwelebula okwandisiwe.
Ukushintsha kwelebula kungandisa ukwanda kokukhipha isisu.
> Imithombo:
> Ukuphela kokukhulelwa nemithi. I-MedlinePlus. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000835.htm
> Jones RK, i-Boonstra HD. Imiphumela Yempilo Yomphakathi we-FDA Update kuya ku-Label yokukhipha isisu. Guttmacher Institute. https://www.guttmacher.org/article/2016/06/public-health-implications-fda-update-medication-abortion-label.
> Mifeprex (mifepristone) Ulwazi. Ukuphathwa kwe-US nokuDrug. https://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/PostmarketDrugSafetyInformationforPatientsandProviders/ucm111323.htm.