I-Exotropia wuhlobo lokusiphazamisa lapho omunye noma bobabili amehlo bephuma ngaphandle. "Exo" kusho ukujika ngaphandle ethempelini.
Izinhlobo ze-Exotropia
Izimo eziningi ze-exotropia zihlukaniswa njenge-exotropia ejwayelekile noma ephakathi. I-exotropia ehlala njalo izobandakanya iso elilodwa elihlala likhona. Iningi labantu ababhekene ne-exotropia bane-exotropia ephakathi.
E-exotropia ephakathi, ngezinye izikhathi iso elilodwa liyaphuma futhi kwezinye izikhathi zamehlo womabili aqondile. Abantu abahluphekile ngaleli hlobo ngezinye izikhathi bangatshela uma bengasebenzisi kokubili amehlo. Uma bezwa lokhu, abanye bangenza ukuguqula amehlo abo futhi kuzobuyisa amehlo phezulu. Abantu abane-exotropia yangaphakathi bangabonakalisa i-exotropia ngaphezulu uma bengaguli kahle, bekhathala noma uma bephuza utshwala.
I-exotropia ingacatshangwa njengeyodwa noma ishintshana. Ku-exotropia yangaphandle, ihlale ileso elifanayo eliphendukela ngaphandle. Uma ishintsha, i-exotropia ingakwazi ukushintsha phakathi kwamehlo. Iso lesokudla lingenziwa ngenkathi iso lesobunxele liqondile, bese lingahle linye futhi iso lesokudla lizobe liqondile futhi iso lesobunxele lizovela.
I-Amblyopia yinkinga evame ukuthuthukiswa ehlotshaniswa ne-exotropia. I-Amblyopia yisimo esenzeka lapho omunye noma bobabili amehlo bengaboni isithombe esicacile.
Uma isithombe singakaze sibonakale ngokucacile isikhathi esanele eside, ukulahleka kombono okungapheli kungase kuthuthuke. E-exotropia, iso elilodwa lingavela. Lapho iso livela, ubuchopho ngokuvamile buyanyusa noma bulahla isithombe esibhekwa yiso. Uma kungenjalo, umuntu ophethe i-exotropia uzobona kabili njalo.
Uma ubuchopho buqeda lokho iso njalo, inqubo evamile yentuthuko yesistimu yezinzwa zabantu iphazanyiswa futhi empeleni, ifinyelelwe ngokungalungile. Uhlelo lwe-neurologic lomuntu lubizwa ngokuthi "ipulasitiki" kuze kube yiminyaka engu-14. Ngemuva kweminyaka yobudala engu-14, ubuchopho nesistimu yezinzwa ziba nzima kakhulu futhi kunzima ukuthuthukisa umbono emuva kokujwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kokuqala kubalulekile. Uma ukwelashwa okunonya kuqala esemncane, ukuthuthukisa embonweni kungenzeka.
Abantu abane-exotropia ehlukile abajwayele ukuthuthukisa i-amblyopia enamandla noma akukho-amblyopia nhlobo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi bayashintsha, ubuchopho busebenzisa iso ngalinye okungenani ingxenye yesikhathi. Ngenxa yokuthi kokubili amehlo asetshenziselwa futhi avuselelwe ngezikhathi ezithile, i-amblyopia ayihlakuleli.
Noma kunjalo, enye indlela yokuhlukanisa i-exotropia kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umuntu une-exotropia ezwayo noma cha. Uma uhlushwa yi-exotropia enengqondo, ubuchopho abukwazi ukufiphaza izithombe ezibonwa yileso naleso. Ngisho noma bobabili amehlo abuthana ndawonye, umuntu unzima kanzima ukuhlanganisa izithombe ndawonye ebuchosheni. Lokhu kubalulekile endleleni i-exotropia ezophathwa ngayo.
Izimpawu ze-Exotropia
Kuyinto evamile kakhulu izingane ezibonisa izimpawu ze-exotropia ukuze igweme noma iso elilodwa, ikakhulukazi ekukhanyeni noma ekukhanyeni kwelanga.
Odokotela abasazi kahle ukuthi kungani benza lokhu. Ngokusobala, esinye isibonakaliso sizobe sesinye noma bobabili amehlo abaqhubekela ngaphandle. Ukuphambukiswa okuncane okuncane kungase kunzima kubazali ukubona. Izithombe ngezinye izikhathi ziyoveza i-exotropia ukuthi kunzima ukubona impilo yansuku zonke.
Ukuba nomlando womndeni kuyisizathu esibaluleke kakhulu sokuhlela ukuhlolwa kwezilanga ezinganeni ezincane, njengoba i-strabismus ibonisa iphethini eliqinile lofuzo lwezakhi zofuzo.
Okufanele Ukwazi
I-exotropia ingathuthuka kamuva ekuphileni. Okuvame ukwenzeka ukuthi umuntu angase abe nethuba lokuthuthukisa i-exotropia. Kodwa-ke, ikhono lethu lokukhokhela nokugcina amehlo liqonde kahle uma lincane.
Njengoba sakhula, uhlelo lwethu lungase ludilize futhi iso lingase liqhubekele ngaphandle. Izinkinga ezinkulu zezokwelapha ezifana nesifo senhliziyo, isifo sikashukela noma izicubu zobuchopho ziye zaziwa nangokuthi zenza ukuthi i-strabismus eyenzeka kamuva.
> Umthombo:
> Izinkombandlela zokuzikhandla eziMtholampilo, Ukunakekelwa kwesineke ne-Strabismus: i-Esotropia ne-Exotropia, i-American Association Optometric Association, i-243 N. Lindbergh Blvd., iSt. Louis, MO 63141-7881, 2011.