Izimpawu, Ukwelashwa, Nokuvimbela
Enye yezinkinga eziningi zesifo sikashukela kukhona okuthiwa i-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela (DKA). Ngokuvamile kubonakala ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 futhi ngokuvamile kuyisimpawu sokuqala sohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. I-DKA ibangelwa lapho umzimba uncane noma kungekho-insulini ongayisebenzisa futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ushukela wegazi uphela emazingeni anobungozi futhi igazi liyaqina.
Lokhu kwenzeka Kanjani?
I-insulini iyi-hormone esiza ushukela wokuthutha noma i-glucose emangqamuzaneni omzimba ukuze angasetshenziselwa amandla.
Uma ungenayo i-insulini, ushukela uhlala egazini nasegazini legazi usuka emazingeni angozi. Kubangelwa i- hyperglycemia eqinile (ushukela ephezulu wegazi) , okuholela esimweni esiphuthumayo. Njengoba i-glucose yegazi iqhubeka ikhula, umzimba uyangena "enkampanini yamandla" bese uqala ukwephula amafutha agciniwe njengomthombo owodwa wamandla. Uma amafutha asetshenziselwa amandla, amaketoni akhiqizwa futhi njengoba amazinga e-ketone ephakama, igazi liyaba namandla nakakhulu.
Ishukela ephezulu yegazi ingathuthuka eketosis ( ukwakheka kwamaketoni ) emzimbeni. I-Ketosis ingaholela ku-acidosis, okuyinto isimo lapho igazi linamakhemikhali amaningi kakhulu. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, waziwa njenge-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela. Lokhu kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha futhi kufanele siphathwe ngokushesha ngabachwepheshe bezokwelapha.
Izimbangela
- Ukuqala okungazelelwe kohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1.
- Ukutheleleka okuvamile kufana ne-pneumonia noma izifo ezithinta umchamo. Ukutheleleka kuphakamisa izinga le-"hormone" yokucindezeleka, njenge-cortisol ne-epinephrine, ephakamisa amazinga e-glucose egazini.
- Uma umuntu engenzi izinto ezidingekayo ukulawula i-glucose yegazi noma akakwazi ukukhokhela i-insulini noma iminye imithi bangabe besengozini ye-DKA.
- Ukwehluleka kwepompo ye-insulin kungaholela ku-DKA. Uma umuntu engaqapheli ukuthi ipompo labo liyekile ukumisa i-insulini, amazinga e-blood glucose angavuka ngokushesha.
- Izingane ezikhulile zingathola izinguquko ze-endocrine ezingashintsha amazinga we-glucose kanye nokuphumelela kwe-insulin.
Izimpawu Nezibonakaliso
Izimpawu zokulinda azibonakali njalo. Bangakwazi ukuqala kancane futhi bangaphutha ngezinye izifo. Ngokuvamile, izinsana azibonisi izimpawu zakudala ze-DKA.
Izimpawu Zokuqala:
- Ukuzwa ukhathele noma ukhathele
- Ukoma ngokweqile kanye / noma ukuchama okugqamile
- Izimpawu zokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni njengomlomo owomile
Izimpawu zakamuva:
- Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo
- Nausea / ukuhlanza
- Ubuhlungu besisu
- Ukudideka
- Ukuphefumula okusheshayo, okujulile, okuphefumulayo (ukuphefumula kwe-Kussmaul)
- Ukuphuza okumnandi
- Fever
- Ukungaboni
Ukwelapha
Ukwelapha i-DKA kusho ukungenelela kwezokwelapha. Kubalulekile ukuphatha ukungcola ngokweqile ngokufaka amanzi okushisa alahlekile, ngakho-ke imithi yokwelapha cishe ingasetshenziswa. Ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte kudinga ukulungiswa futhi ukwelashwa kwe-insulin kumele kuqalwe ukulawula i-hyperglycemia. Konke lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngaphansi kokuqapha kwezempilo.
Ukuvimbela
Uma Ugula:
- Yenza uhlelo oluhle lapho ugula khona .
- Hlola ushukela wegazi njalo emahoreni amathathu kuya kwangu-4 ngesikhathi sokugula. Uma ushukela wegazi lukhuphuka (ngokuvamile ngaphezu kuka 250 mg / dl), hlola kaningi futhi uhlole amathoni emcinini wakho.
- Ngesikhathi sokugula, qiniseka ukuthi uphuzo oluningi lokushukela, uketshezi lwe-caffeine. Ngisho noma ugula esiswini sakho, zama ukunciphisa amanzi amancane ngezikhathi eziningana. Uma ushukela wegazi lakho lingaphezulu kuka 250 mg / dl, ungadli noma uphuze ukudla okuphezulu kwamakhemikhali noma ama-fluids.
- Ungayeki ukuthatha i-insulin yakho uma ugula, ngisho noma ungadli. Xoxa uma i-insulin dosages kufanele ishintshwe nodokotela wakho.
- Yenza inombolo yodokotela ophuthumayo esandleni sakho, uma kwenzeka udinga ukushayela ucingo.
Ukuvimbela i-DKA Not Ukuhambisana Nezifo:
- Uma usebenzisa i-insulin pump, hlola njalo ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi isebenza kahle futhi ihlinzeka i-insulin.
- Hlola ushukela wegazi njalo ngosuku lonke, ngokuvamile izikhathi ezine ngosuku.
- Phuza iziphuzo eziningi ezingashukela.
- Xoxa ngokuphathwa kwemithi nodokotela wakho. Awufuni ukweqa ama-insulin amanani noma imithi yomlomo, kodwa udokotela wakho angase afune ukwenza izinguquko ezithile. A
Imithombo:
Cohen, Anita Stanziale MSN, RN, CS, CDE; no-Edelstein, u-Elaine L. MS, uRN, i-CDE. Ukuphathwa Kwezinsuku Zokugula Kwekhasimende Lokunakekelwa Kwekhaya EliSifo Sikashukela. " I-Home Healthcare Nurse Vol 23, Inombolo 11.Nove 2005 717-724.
UCarroll MD, uMary F; Schade MD, uDavid S. Imibuzo Eyishumi Eyisisekelo Ngokuphathelene Ne-Diabetes Ketoacidosis. " I-Postgraduate Medicine Online Vol 110, Inombolo 5, Nov 2001.
"Uma i-Blood Sugar Iphakeme kakhulu." Impilo yezingane. July 2005. Nemours Foundation.