Isifo sikashukela yisifo esivame kakhulu e-United States nasemhlabeni jikelele. Ishukela ephezulu yegazi (i-glucose) eliyisifo sesifo sikashukela silimaza ezindaweni eziningi zomzimba, futhi singaba nezinkinga zokuphila-kanye nezingozi uma zingashiywa ngaphandle.
Izinyawo zithinta kakhulu imiphumela yesifo sikashukela. Izinkinga ezingase zibandakanye ukulahlekelwa umuzwa, ukunciphisa ukunikezwa kwegazi, nokutheleleka okunzima okudinga ukuthunjwa.
Ngokwe-National Diabetes Fact Sheet ka-2011, okungaphezu kokungu-60% kwezingxenyeni ezingezona ezihlukumezayo ezithintekayo ezenzeka kubantu abanesifo sikashukela.
Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ukulawulwa ushukela wegazi nokunakekelwa okuvimbela njalo kunganciphisa kakhulu amathuba okuba nezinkinga zesifo sikashukela . Eqinisweni, kulinganiselwa ukuthi ukunakekelwa kwezinyawo zokuvimbela kanye nokufundisa ngesineke kunganciphisa ithuba lomuntu lokukhishwa kwesinye sikashukela ngo-85%.
Imiphumela Ebonakalayo Yesifo Sikashukela Ezinyaweni
Ngokusho kwe-American Diabetes Association, cishe u-60% kuya ku-70% wabashukela abanesifo sikashukela banomqondo othile we- neuropathy noma umonakalo wezinzwa. Amazinga aphakeme aseqophelweni eliphezulu egazini legazi liholela ekulimazeni okuqhubekayo emithakwini evame ukukhombisa ukuthi iyinzwa noma inzwa ye-neuropathy.
I-neurological
- I-neuropathy ebonakalayo iholela ekuziphatheni okunciphise noma okukhubazekile ezinyaweni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isifo sikashukela singaba nokulimala kanzima - njengokulimala kokungena ezintweni ezibukhali - futhi ngeke ukwazi ukuzizwa. I-neuropathy enomqondo okhuphuka ingandisa ingozi yesilonda sesifo sikashukela, esilonda ukuphulukisa kancane, noma ngisho nokungaziphathi kahle, futhi singakwazi ukutheleleka. Uma ungaphenduliwe, isilonda sesifo sikashukela singadlulisa isikhumba kanye nezicubu ezithambile kumathambo angaphansi. Ezinye izibonakaliso ze-neuropathy ye-sensory zihlanganisa ubuhlungu bokudubula nokushisa noma ukucubungula emilenzeni, ngokuvamile ebusuku.
- Abanye abanesifo sikashukela bahlakulela imoto ye-neuropathy , ebonakala njengobuthakathaka obunzima bomlenze nonyawo futhi isinciphisa ubunzima be-muscle. I-motor neuropathy ivela lapho izinzwa ezilawula imisipha zilimazekile. Lokhu kungabangela ubunzima ukuhamba futhi kuholele ekushintsheni ngesimo sezinyawo, konke okudalula izindawo ezinyaweni ekukhuphukeni komfutho nokucindezela. Ukubambisana kwezinzwane, isibonelo sokushintsha kwesimo sezinyawo, kudala ukucindezela ngokweqile ngaphansi kwebhola lonyawo futhi kwandisa ingozi yezilonda.
I-Vascular
I-long-term high blood glucose ibuye ibe nomthelela omubi emithanjeni yegazi. Lokhu kungabangela izifo ezithinta izifo noma i-PAD. Lapho izingxube ze-arteries ezithwala igazi emilenzeni zonakaliswa, i- atherosclerosis ivela. I-antherosclerosis iyigwecwe elifaka emthini, okubangela ukunciphisa okuyokwehlisa ukugeleza kwegazi kuya ezinyaweni. Lokhu ukugeleza kwegazi okunciphise kungabangela ukuphulukiswa ukulimala kwesilonda, ubuhlungu (ikakhulukazi ezinzwaneni) kanye nengozi eyengeziwe yokufa kwezicubu noma isifo sezinkukhu . Izimpawu ze-PAD zihlanganisa isikhumba esiphuthumayo kuya ekuthinteni futhi siwubala embala, nobuhlungu bomlenze ngenkathi kuhamba.
Isikhumba
Isikhumba sithinteka ushukela ophezulu wegazi ngezindlela eziningi. Ezinye izinkinga zesikhumba, ezifana nezilonda nokuphulukiswa ukuphulukiswa, zibangelwa izinguquko ezinamapulisi nezinzwa ezingenzeka ngesifo sikashukela. Enye indlela ye-neuropathy engase ihlasele isifo sikashukela ngezinye izikhathi i-autonomic neuropathy, futhi iyahambisana nezinguquko ezilandelayo zesikhumba:
- Isikhumba esomile
- Ukuvuvukala kwezinyawo nezinyawo
- Isikhumba esizizwa sishisa kakhulu ekuthinteni
Ukuguquka kwesikhumba okuvame kakhulu futhi okungaba yinkinga kakhulu okuthinta abantu abanesifo sikashukela kungummbila noma kungenasidingo . Uma isifo sikashukela sinciphise umbono wezinhlungu ngenxa ye-neuropathy, ezinye izindawo ezinyaweni zizobhekana nokucindezela okwandisiwe.
Lezi zindawo, ngokuvamile izinzwane noma izinyosi, zivame ukuthuthukisa amacembe nama-calluses angaba izilonda kalula ezinyaweni zesifo sikashukela.
Izinyawo zesifo sikashukela namazinyo angase athuthukise amabhulashi noma imfucumfucu edala ukubola. Ngezinye izikhathi isikhumba nezinsipho ziyancipha futhi zithatha ukuhlunga okuphuzi. Abashukela ngesifo sikashukela nabo banamathele kakhulu ekufakeni izifungushe , esinye isizathu sokukhuphuka.
Ukukwazi ukubhekana nezinkinga zesifo sikashukela kungasabisa, kodwa indlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela iwukuvikela. Uma kuziwa ekuvikeleni izinyawo zakho, qiniseka ukuthi uhlanganisa ukuvakashelwa njalo kudokotela wakho kanye nesikhulu samaphoyisa uma unesifo sikashukela.
Imithombo
Lavery, Lawrence A., David G. Armstrong, Steven A. Vela, Terri L. Quebedeaux, noJohn G. Fleischli. (1998) Izidingo Eziwusizo Zokuhlola Iziguli Ezingcupheni Ephakeme Zezilonda Zesifo Sikashukela. I-Archives of Medicine yangaphakathi. 158: 157-162.
Umnyango wezeMpilo waseMelika kanye Nezinsizakalo Zabantu, Izikhungo Zokulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo, 2011. Isitifiketi sikazwelonke sikashukela: izilinganiso zikazwelonke kanye nokwaziswa okuvamile ngesifo sikashukela kanye nesandulela ngculazi e-United States, ngo-2011.
Association of American Diabetes Association. Isibalo Sesifo Sikashukela-Idatha esivela ku-2011 National Diabetes Fact Sheet (ekhishwe uJan 26, 2011).