Ukuhlambalaza kungaba kubi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma kungabonakali. Isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-eczema, eyaziwa nangokuthi i- atopic dermatitis , i-rash ehlasele ejwayele ukuqala ezinye izimpawu ezihlanganisa i-rhinitis ye-allergen, i-allergies yokudla, ne-asthma. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-eczema, kufaka phakathi okubizwa nge-nummular eczema.
Iyini i-Emuzula ye-Nummular?
I-eczema ye-Numm uhlobo luhlobo lokushisa kwe-eczema oluthile lwemali.
Igama elithi "nummular" lisho imali yesiLatini.
Uma inani le-ecmema lenzekile, ngokuvamile kuphazanyiswa esikhungweni sesikhumba esivumela izilonda ngesikhumba. Lokhu kungabangela ukuqhuma. I-atopic dermatitis ngokuvamile ihlotshaniswa nokuhlonza izinto ezihlukahlukene ngenkathi i-nummular eczema ivame ukuhlotshaniswa no-dermatitis oxhumana naye.
Izimpawu ze-Eczema ye-Numm
I-eczema yenombolo ibonakala njengeyindilinga, izilonda ezinjenge-disc futhi ingavela noma kuphi emzimbeni. Kungenzeka ukuthi kutholakala ezandleni nasemilenzeni.
Izilonda zingase zibe mnandi kakhulu, kuyilapho abanye abantu bethi izilonda ziyingozi kuphela uma zisanda kuthuthuka. Kungase kube khona i-crusting phezu kwe-lesion kanye nokuqhuma kungaba nemanzi emanzi. Kungase kube khona nokubomvu nxazonke zesilonda.
I-eczema yenombolo ingabangela ubuhlungu futhi ingaba imbangela yokucindezeleka ngokomzwelo ngenxa yokuvela kwayo. Kodwa iziguli eziningi ziyakwazi ukuthola usizo kudokotela wazo.
Izizathu ze-Eczema Caus
Izimo ezihlukahlukene zingabangela noma zenze i-nummlar eczema ibe nzima.
Lokhu kufaka:
- Isikhumba esomile
- Xhumana ne-dermatitis
- Isimo sezulu
- Ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo (ukucindezeleka kungenza uzizwe unzima)
- Imithi yomlomo ehlanganisa i-interferon (evame ukusetshenziselwa ukwelapha isifo sofuba) noma i-isotretinoin (imithi ethandwa kakhulu yama-acne)
- Imithi yokwelapha ehlanganisa ama-antibiotic creams afana neNeosporin
- Umonakalo wesikhumba sangaphambilini kufaka ukushisa noma esinye isilonda, isikhumba evulekile ukukhipha, noma ukuluma kwezinambuzane
I-ecmema yenombolo ayithinti ngokuvamile izingane. Kungenzeka ukuthi kuthinte amadoda aphakathi kweminyaka engama-55 no-65. Abesifazane ngokuvamile bathola isiqephu sabo sokuqala se-eczema phakathi kweminyaka engu-13 no-25.
Ukutholakala kwe-Emuzula ye-Eczema
Ukuxilongwa okunembile kwe-ecmema kungaba nzima njengoba ukuqhuma kungase kuvele kuhluke ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zesikhumba. Ngakho udokotela wakho cishe uzokubuza imibuzo eminingi.
Futhi, udokotela wakho angadinga ukulawula ezinye izifo zesikhumba ezifana ne-nummular eczema. Lokhu kwenziwa nge- biopsy yesikhumba . Izindwangu ze-biopsy ziyethusa, kodwa ukuhlolwa kwenziwa nge-anesthesia yasendaweni futhi iziguli eziningi zithi akukubi kakhulu. I-biopsy ivumela i-pathologist ukuba ihlolisise isikhumba ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukuze isize ukucacisa imbangela yokuqhuma.
Isivivinyo se-patch sokubheka i- dermatitis yokuxhumana singase sizuzise neziguli ezine-nummular eczema. Isivivinyo se-patch sisiza ekuhloleni ukuthi ngabe yimiphi imikhiqizo yomuntu siqu noma amanye ama-agent owakhulume nawo angase abe yingozi kakhulu ku-rash yakho. I-culprit ejwayelekile kunazo zonke i-nickel, kodwa amakha, imikhiqizo ye-raber, kanye neminye ingaba imbangela.
Isivivinyo se-patch yisilingo sezinsuku ezingu-3 esibekwe ngemuva kwakho. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungatholi emuva emanzini ngamanzi noma ngokuthuthumela njengoba kungaphazamisa ama-patches bese unikeza imiphumela engalungile.
Ngosuku lokugcina lovivinyo lwakho, udokotela uzofunda uhlolo lwakho lwe-patch futhi akunike uhlu lwalokho okulindelekile kuye. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ube nesilingo esihle ngoba kusho ukuthi empeleni ungagwema imikhiqizo eyandisa i-eczema yakho.
Ukuxilongwa okuvamile kunazo zonke i-eczema idijithali idideka yi-infection fungal skin. Ukutheleleka kwefungalini kungase kube yinto eholela ekudidekeni phakathi kwezifo ezimbili. Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa ezahlukene kuyahluka kakhulu, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukubona udokotela ukuthola ukuxilongwa okufanele.
I-Nummular Eczema Treatment
Ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kwe-nummular eczema yi -steroid ye-topical .
Ngokujwayelekile, i-steroid eqinile yama-topical (kunokuba ifomu elibi kakhulu) liyadingeka ukuze kusize ukuxazulula ukuqhuma.
I-steroids yezihloko zinezimo ezibalulekile ezibandakanya:
- I-Hyper noma i-hypopigmentation yesikhumba okusho ukuthi ingashintsha umbala wesikhumba sakho
- I-Telangiectasias (imikhumbi yegazi ekhulisiwe, ngokuvamile i-capillaries)
- I-skin atrophy (isikhumba esincane)
- Ukulimala kalula
- Ingozi eyengeziwe yokutheleleka kwesikhumba
Ngokujwayelekile, uzothola kuphela lezi zihlangothini ezithinta uma usebenzisa i-steroids yama-topical isikhathi esingeziwe noma ngaphezulu kwesikhumba esilimele.
Udokotela wakho angakucela ukuthi uqaphele kakhulu ezindaweni ezifana nobuso, intamo, izigqoko (i-axilla) nendawo yokugaya, njengoba isikhumba sincane kulezi zindawo futhi kungenzeka ukuthi sibhekane nemiphumela emibi echazwe ngenhla. Qinisekisa ukuthi wena nodokotela wakho babheka ukusetshenziswa kwakho kwe-steroid.
Amanye ama-agent angama-topical afaka phakathi i-Tacrolimus noma i-Pimecrolimus esebenza ngendlela ehlukile futhi angasiza nange-nummular eczema. Lawa ma-agent awawona ama-steroids, ngakho-ke athatha imiphumela embi kangako kodwa angase angabi usizo njengendlela yokwelashwa kokuqala okuyi-steroids yama-topical. Kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi lezi zokhilimu ze-topical zingabangela ukuvutha ngemuva kwesicelo.
I-Eucrisa iyinqubo yokwelapha entsha engesiyo i-steroid futhi ingase ibe usizo kulabo abangakwazi ukusebenzisa i-steroids ye-topical.
Ama-antihistamine enye iklasi elihle lemithi yokusiza nge-nummic ecema. Ama-antihistamine angafaka i-Cetirizine, i-Fexofenadine, i-Levocetirizine ne-Loratadine. Eminye yale mithi ingathathwa izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa ngosuku ukuze kukhululwe itchki ecasulayo.
I-eczema yenombolo ingabheka kancane kancane uma kukhona ukutheleleka okufanayo okuphehla ukuqhuma. Ngokuvamile, isakhi esivame kakhulu esitholakala emasikweni i- Staphylococcus aureus . Uma kutholakala, kuzodinga ukwelashwa okwengeziwe, cishe kunomuthi wokulwa nemithi. Vumela udokotela wakho wazi ukuthi uhlakulela umkhuhlane noma izikhukhula njengoba lezi zimpawu zingase zibonise ukutheleleka.
I-oral steroids ingaba usizo nakakhulu uma ukuqhuma kungaphezu kokujwayelekile. I-steroids akuyona indlela yokwelashwa engcono kunazo zonke ngoba ingaba yingozi kakhulu kwe-dermatitis ngemuva komshini we-steroid.
Ukubikezelwa kwe-Eczema ye-Eczema
I-eczema ye-Nummu ibhekwa njengesimo esingapheli ukuthi imijikelezo ephakathi kwama-flares ne-quiescence. Kubalulekile ukugcina isikhumba samanzi futhi ugweme izici ezingase zifake izifo ezitholakalayo ekuhlolweni kwe-patch yakho, imishanguzo yezokwelapha njengoba kubhalwe ngaphambilini kanye nokuphathwa kokucindezeleka kwakho.
> Imithombo:
> Coondoo A, Phiske M, Verma S, Lahiri K. Imiphumela emibi ye-steroids ye-topical: Ukubukezwa okude kwesikhathi eside. I-Indian Dermatol Online J. 2014; 5 (4): 416-25. doi: 10.4103 / 2229-5178.142483
> Schneider L, Tilles S, Lio P, et al. I-atopic dermatitis: ukubuyekezwa komzila we-parameter 2012. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2013; 131 (2): 295-9.e1-27. doi: 10.1016 / j.jaci.2012.12.672
> Todorova A., Bruckbauer H., Ring J. (2015) Inombolo ye-Eczema. Ku: Katsambas A., Lotti T., Dessinioti C., D'Erme A. (eds) I-European Handbook of Dermatological Treatments. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg