Ingabe Wonke Umuntu Otholwa Umkhuhlane Wezikhuhlane Uvinjelwe Ngokufanayo?
Uyini Umkhuhlane?
Umkhuhlane (umkhuhlane) isifo esithathelwanayo sokuphefumula esibangelwa ama-influenza (umdwebo). Izimpawu ezinzima ezinamandla zingathuthuka futhi ngezinye izikhathi umkhuhlane ungabulala. Imishanguzo yegciwane iyatholakala ukuwa ngalunye ukusiza ukuvimbela ukusakazeka komkhuhlane. Isikhathi esiphezulu sokuthola umuthi wokugoma yi-Okthoba - Novemba.
Imishanguzo ye-Flu ehlinzekwa ngoDisemba noma ngisho nangemva kwalokho ingahlinzeka ngokuvikelwa.
I-Flu season ingabuka ngo-Okthoba kuya kuMeyi.
I-Flu Statistics
Ngokwezikhungo zokugula nokuvimbela (CDC), izibalo zibonisa ukuthi minyaka yonke e-United States abantu abangu-5-20% bathola umkhuhlane. Abantu abangaphezu kuka-200 000 babhedlela ngezifo ezibangelwa umkhuhlane, kanti abantu abangaba ngu-36,000 banqotshwa umkhuhlane.
Ubani Okufanele Athole I-Vaccine Vaccine?
Ngokusho kwamaCentral of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), imishanguzo yemfuluwenza iyanconywa ukuthi:
# 1 - Abantu abasengozini enkulu yezinkinga ezivela emkhuhlane, kuhlanganise:
- abantu abaneminyaka engu-65 nangaphezulu
- abantu abahlala emakhaya asebekhulile noma ezinye izindawo zokunakekelwa isikhathi eside
- abadala kanye nezingane ezinyangeni eziyisithupha nangaphezulu abanezinhliziyo ezingapheli noma emaphaphu, kuhlanganise nesifo se-asthma
- abadala kanye nezingane ezinyangeni eziyisithupha noma ngaphezulu abadinga ukwelashwa okuvamile noma babesesibhedlela ngonyaka odlule ngenxa yesifo somzimba, isifo esingenasifo sezinso noma isimiso sokuzivikela somzimba esibuthakathaka, kuhlanganise nezinkinga zokuzivikela zomzimba ezibangelwa imithi noma ukutheleleka ngegciwane lesandulela ngculazi (i-immunodeficiency virus) I-HIV / AIDS)
- izingane ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuya kwezingu-18 ubudala eziphethwe ukwelashwa kwe- aspirin yesikhathi eside ngoba izingane ezinikezwa i-aspirin ngenkathi zithole igciwane lesifo sengculaza zisengozini yokuthuthukisa i-Reyes syndrome
- abesifazane abazokhulelwa ngesikhathi se-influenza
- zonke izingane ezineminyaka engu-6 kuya kwezingu-23 ubudala
- abantu abanoma yisiphi isimo esingahle sinciphise umsebenzi wokuphefumula noma ukusingathwa kwemfihlo yokuphefumula njengokubunzima kokuphefumula noma ukugwinya
# 2 - Abantu abaneminyaka engu-50 kuya kwengu-64 ubudala
# 3 - Abantu abangakwazi ukudlulisela umkhuhlane kwabanye abasengozini enkulu yokuxhumana nabo (isibonelo, abasebenzi bezempilo kanye nabanakekelayo).
Umkhuhlane usakazwa ngamaconsi okuphefumula, ngokuvamile avame ukukhwehlela noma ukukhipha.
Abantu abadala abanempilo bangakwazi ukuthelela abanye kuqala kusukela ngosuku ngaphambi kokuba izimpawu zivele ezinsukwini ezingu-5 emva kokugula.
Ubani Akufanele Athole I-Vaccine?
Umgomo wokugoma ungase uphicilelwe kwabanye abantu, kufaka phakathi:
- abantu abahlukumeza kakhulu amaqanda ezinkukhu
- abantu abaye basabela ngokujulile emthonjeni wokugoma wangaphambi komkhuhlane
- abantu abahlakulele i-Guillain-Barre syndrome zingakapheli amasonto ayisithupha ukuthola umuthi wokugoma wangaphambilini
- izingane ezingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala
- abantu abanesifo esilinganiselwe noma esinomkhuhlane kumele balinde ukuthola umuthi wokugoma
Isifo Sokukhulelwa Kwemfudu Ye-Nasal-Spray
Umgomo wokuphuza umkhuhlane we-nasal-spray owenziwa ngamaphiko aphilayo, aphelelwe amandla amkhuhlane angabangela uketshezi (okubizwa ngokuthi i-LAIV ye-Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine). I-LAIV ivunyelwe ukusetshenziswa kubantu abanempilo ezineminyaka emihlanu kuya kwengu-49 ubudala abangakhulelwe. Akunconywa kubantu abanezimo ezingapheli. Abantu abanezimo ezingapheli kufanele bathole ukugonywa komkhuhlane esikhundleni sokusifiphaza komzimba.
Ingabe Umgomo Wokuvikela Imfudu Uvikela Wonke Umuntu Ngokulinganayo?
Ngokombiko weCochrane Collaboration , ukubuyekezwa kwezinhlolovo ezingu-71 kwembula ukuthi imishanguzo yemfuluwenza igweme amaphesenti angu-45 omkhuhlane kanye nezinkinga zomkhuhlane kubantu abadala asebehlala emakhaya asebekhulile kanye nezindawo zokunakekelwa isikhathi eside. Izinga lokuvimbela liye lafinyelela kuma-25 amaphesenti kubantu abadala asebekhulile abahlala emphakathini. Lo mbiko waphinde wabuza ukuphumelela kokugoma abasebenzi bezempilo.
Umbiko ovela ngo-September 2006 u- Rheumatology News uphetha ngokuthi umgomo wokugoma awusebenzi kangcono kuziguli ezine-systemic lupus erythematosus.
Ukutadisha okuncane kwamagciwane angu-56 e-lupus okwenziwe umsebenzi ophansi wesifo kuphakanyisiwe ukuthi nakuba ukugoma komkhuhlane kuphephile, akusebenzi kangcono kunokuba kubonakale ekulawuleni. Ukugoma komkhuhlane kwakungasebenzi kangako kuziguli ezitholwa nge-azathioprine (Imuran) uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izifo zokuzivikela .
"Ukusebenza okuncane" akusho ukuthi "akuphumelelanga" kufanele kuqashelwe. Uma kukhona ukungabaza ngokuthola umuthi wokugoma, buza udokotela wakho.
Imithombo:
Amaqiniso abalulekile mayelana ne-Influenza kanye ne-Influenza Vaccine, i-CDC.
Imishanguzo yokuvimbela umkhuhlane kubantu asebekhulile, ukusebenzisana kweCchrane
Ukugonywa kwe-Influenza kwabasebenzi bezempilo abasebenzelana nabantu asebekhulile, uChredrane Collaboration
Umuthi Wokugoma Umzimba Utholakale Ngempumelelo Engaphansi Kweziguli Ezigulayo, Izindaba Ze-Rheumatology. I-Vol 5, Issue 9, Page 19, Septemba 2006.