Umshwalense wezempilo osekelwe kuJobe ushintshe ngaphansi kwe-Obamacare
Ngenxa yokuthi izinhlinzeko eziningi zoMthetho Wokunakekelwa Ngokwezinsizakalo ezithengiwe ziyasebenza emakethe ngayinye, imakethe yomshuwalense oxhaswe ngumqashi ngezinye izikhathi ingashiywa ngaphandle kwengxoxo. Kodwa umshuwalense wezempilo oxhaswe ngumqashi yiyona ndlela evame kakhulu yokuhlanganisa e-US. Abangu-6% kuphela baseMelika babekhona ukuthengwa okuthengwe emakethe ngayinye ngo-2014, uma kuqhathaniswa no-49% ababenomsebenzi ovela kumqashi.
Imakethe yomshuwalense wempilo ngayinye ihluke kakhulu namuhla kunokuba ngaphambi kokuba uMthetho Wokunakekelwa Ongabizi kahle (aka, Obamacare) uqaliswe. Futhi ngenkathi izinguquko zingakaze zenzeke emakethe yomshuwalense wezempilo oxhaswe ngumqashi (ikakhulukazi emakethe amakhulu amaqembu), kunezici eziningi ze-ACA ezisebenza ezinhlelweni zezempilo abantu abazithola ngabaqashi babo.
Abaqashi abakhulu kudingeka bahlinzekele ukufakwa
Ngaphambi kuka-2014, kwakungadingeki ukuthi abaqashi banikeze umshuwalense wezempilo kubasebenzi babo. Iningi lomqashi omkhulu lanikeze ukuhlinzekwa, kodwa lokho kwakunjalo. Umqashi ka-ACA wabelane ngokuhlinzekwa komthwalo wemfanelo (umqashi wemisebenzi) kudinga abaqashi nabasebenzi abalingana nesikhathi esigcwele abangu-50 ukuba banikeze umshuwalense wezempilo ongabizi kubasebenzi babo abasebenza okungenani amahora angu-30 ngesonto.
Lesi sidingo kwakufanele sisebenze kubo bonke abaqashi abakhulu kusukela ngo-2014 kodwa sekwephuzile kuze kube ngu-2015 kubaqashi abanabasebenzi abayi-100 noma ngaphezulu, kuze kube ngu-2016 kubaqashi abanabasebenzi abangu-50 kuya ku-99.
Isiphathimandla somqashi sisho ukuthi abaqashi kumele banikeze ukuhlinzekwa okuhlangabezana nokunciphisa inani futhi kubhekwa njengengozi kumsebenzi. Kodwa-ke, "i- glitch yomndeni " kusho ukuthi kwezinye izimo, ukukhokhelwa kungase kungabizi ngezindleko zabasebenzi.
Zonke izinhlelo kumele zithinte izindleko eziphuma ngaphandle
Ngonyaka we-2016, zonke izinhlelo zezempilo ezingezona ezithandwa kakhulu kumele zithinte izindleko ze-pocket ezingamaphesenti angu-6,850 umuntu ngamunye, kanye ne $ 13,700 emndenini.
Futhi amapulani omndeni kufanele abe nemigomo engaphandle ye-pocket yangaphandle engadluli u-R6,650 . Ukuhlinzekwa kokunciphisa izindleko ezingaphandle kwezezimali kusebenza emaqenjini amaqembu kanye nezinhlelo ezizimele, uma nje bengakazalwa (amapulani asevele esebenza lapho i-ACA ingene ngemvume emthethweni ngo-Mashi 23, 2010).
Ayikho imingcele ye-dollar ezintweni ezibalulekile zezempilo
I-ACA ichaza "izinzuzo zempilo eziyishumi" ezidingekayo ezimele zihlanganiswe yizo zonke izinhlelo ezintsha zeqembu labantu ngabanye kanye nezincane (ezindaweni eziningi, iqembu elincane lichazwa njengabasebenzi abangafika ku-50). Uma usebenzela umqashi ongenabasebenzi abangaba ngu-50 futhi umqashi wakho obhalisile ohlelweni kusukela ngoJanuwari 2014, uhlelo lwakho lwezempilo luhlanganisa izinzuzo zezempilo ezibalulekile ngaphandle kwemingcele ye-dollar yokuthi uhlelo luzokhokhela kanjani lezo zinzuzo ngonyaka noma ngaphezulu sonke isikhathi une-coverage.
Uma usebenzela umqashi omkhulu (emazweni amaningi, abasebenzi abangaphezu kuka-50; kodwa kwezinye izifunda, abasebenzi abangaphezu kuka-100), uhlelo lwakho lwezempilo lungase lufake zonke izinzuzo zezempilo ezibalulekile, njengoba kungadingeki ukwenza kanjalo ngaphansi I-ACA. Kodwa ngenxa yanoma yiziphi izinzuzo ezibalulekile zezempilo lolu hlelo lumboza, alukwazi ukubeka umkhawulo waminyaka yonke noma wonyaka wonke wezinkulungwane zemali mayelana nokuthi uhlelo luzokhokhela kanjani lezo zinzuzo (izinhlelo eziningi zeqembu elikhulu zihlanganisa iningi lezinzuzo zezempilo ezibalulekile, ikakhulukazi manje njengoba iqembu elikhulu lihlela kudingeka ukunikeza inani elincane).
Ukuvinjelwa kwama-maximums okuzuzwayo okuphila ngezidingo ezibalulekile zezempilo kusebenza ngisho nasezinhlelweni eziningi. Futhi ukuvinjelwa kwama-maximums okuzuzwa minyaka yonke ngezinzuzo ezibalulekile zezempilo kusebenza ezinhlelweni ezixhaswe ngumqashi.
Akukho okubhalwe phansi kwezokwelapha kumacebo amancane weqembu
Ngaphambi kuka-2014, abanikezeli bomshuwalense bangasungula i-premium yeqembu elincane emlandweni wezokwelapha jikelele weqembu nakuba abanye bathi kunqunyelwe noma kunqatshelwe lo mkhuba. Kusukela ngo-2014, i-ACA ivimbele abathwali bomshwalense bezempilo ngokusebenzisa umlando wezokwelapha weqembu elincane ukucacisa amaphrimiyamu. Ezingxenyeni eziningi, lokhu kusebenza kubaqashi abanabasebenzi abangu-50 noma abambalwa.
Zonke izinhlelo zibandakanya ukutholakala kokubeletha
Kusukela ngo-1978, izinhlelo zezempilo ezixhaswe ngumqashi e-US kuye kwadingeka ukuba zibandakanye ukutholakala kokubeletha uma umqashi enabasebenzi abangu-15 noma ngaphezulu futhi wakhetha ukunikeza umshuwalense wezempilo. Futhi ku-19 uthi, imithethonqubo yayisendleleni ngaphambi kokuba i-ACA idinga ukuhlinzeka ngokubeletha ngezinhlelo ezincane zeqembu ngisho nalapho umqashi enabasebenzi abangaphansi kuka-15.
Kodwa ukunakekelwa kokubeletha kungenye yezinzuzo zezempilo ezidingekayo ze-ACA, okusho ukuthi ifakwe kuzo zonke izinhlelo ezintsha zeqembu elilodwa namanye amasha ezithengiswa kusukela ngo-2014. Lokho kugcwaliswe emaqenjini emazweni lapho amaqembu amancane kakhulu ahlela khona (abasebenzi abangaphansi kuka-15) abangekho kufanele ugqugquzele ukunakekelwa kwababelethi ngaphambi kuka-2014. Ayikho igunya lomqashi labaqashi abanabasebenzi abangaphansi kuka-50. Kodwa uma amaqembu amancane ekhetha ukunikeza ukuhlinzekwa kwabasebenzi bawo, lolu hlelo luzofaka ukunakekelwa kokubeletha kuwo wonke amazwe.
Izikhathi zokulinda azikwazi ukudlula izinsuku ezingu-90
Uma isisebenzi sinqunyelwe ukukhokhelwa ngaphansi kohlelo oluxhaswe ngumqashi, isikhathi sokulinda sokuqala ukuqala singeke sidlule izinsuku ezingu-90 (eminye imithetho isebenza lapho kwenzeka khona abasebenzi ukuthi basebenze inombolo ethile yamahora noma bathole uhlobo oluthile lomsebenzi i-oda okumele iqiniseke ukuthi iyakwazi ukukhokhelwa).
Izingane zingahlala ohlelweni lwabazali kuze kube yiminyaka engu-26
Kusukela ngo-2010, kudingeke ukuthi zonke izinhlelo zezempilo zivumele izingane ukuba zihlale ohlelweni lomzali kuze kube yilapho ziba ngu-26. Lokhu kusebenza kumacebo axhaswe ngumqashi kanye namacebo ngabanye, futhi kusebenza nasezinhlelweni eziningi. Asikho isidingo sokuthi abadala abasha babe abafundi noma baxhomeke ngokwezezimali kubazali babo ukuze bahlale ohlelweni lwabo lwe-inshuwalense yezempilo.
Ukunakekelwa kokuvikela kuhlanganiswe mahhala
Ukunakekelwa kokuvikela kungenye yezinzuzo zezempilo ezibalulekile ezihlanganisiwe kuzo zonke izinhlelo zeqembu ngalinye nezincane ngaphansi kwe-ACA. Kodwa kudingeke ukuba kuhlanganiswe izinhlelo eziningi zeqembu kanye nezinhlelo zokuzikhokhela ezizisebenzisa umqondisi wesithathu (izinhlelo eziningi ezithintekayo zikhululekile emthethweni wokunakekelwa kokuvikela). Kukhona uhlu olubanzi lwezinsizakalo ezihlanganiswa ngaphandle kwezindleko isiguli ngaphansi kwegunya le-ACA lokunakekela ukuvimbela.