Ukwenziwa ukuhlinzwa okuyisimanga kuyindlela evamile eyenziwa ngeziguli ezingaphezu kuka-500 000 ngonyaka e-United States. Nakuba iningi leziguli lingenayo izinkinga ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, kunezingozi zokuguqula amadolo ezibangela ukukhathazeka kwanoma ubani ocabanga ukuthi unenqubo. Enye yezinkinga eziphathelene nokuguqula amadolo yisifo.
Ukwelashwa emva kokuhlinzwa kokuguqula amadolo akuvamile. Eminyakeni emibili yokuqala emva kokuhlinzwa, ithuba lokuthuthukisa ukutheleleka lilinganiselwa ku-1.5%. Ngemuva kweminyaka emibili, ithuba lokutheleleka lihlehlela cishe ku-0.5%. Ngenkathi lezi zinombolo zincane kakhulu, azizona zero, futhi abantu abaphethe idolo badinga ukwazi konke abangakwenza ukuze bavimbele le nkinga enkulu.
Kungani Izifo Eziguqulwa Ngamahlombe Zenzeka?
Ukuguqulwa kwezintambo kungathatheka ngenxa yendlela yokuqala yokuhlinzwa, ezinye izifo emzimbeni, noma ngokuvamile ngezizathu ezingaziwa. Siyazi ukuthi ezinye iziguli zijwayele ukuthuthukisa izifo zokuguqula amadolo. Izingozi zokuthuthukisa ukutheleleka zibandakanya:
- Isifo sikashukela
- Ukungondleki
- Ukubhema
- Ukukhuluphala
- Ukusetshenziswa kwe-steroid
- Utshwala
- I-rheumatoid Arthritis
Ukuvimbela Izifo Zokuguquka KwamaKnee
Into ebaluleke kakhulu yokuguqulwa kwamadolo ukuvimbela ukutheleleka okungenakwenzeka nhlobo.
Ezinye zezingozi zokuthuthukisa ukutheleleka zingalawulwa ngendlela yokusiza ukwehlisa umthelela walezi zici. Isibonelo, imizamo yokuthuthukisa ukondla, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kokubhema, nokuyeka imithi engenza iziguli zibe nezinkinga zokutheleleka zingenziwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ngokuguqulwa kwamadolo.
Ekamelweni lokusebenza, kwenziwa imizamo yokwenza isikhumba nendawo yokuhlinza inzalo futhi kuncishiswe abantu abangena ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Ama-antibiotic angenayo i-intravenous kufanele anikezwe ngaphakathi kwehora elingu-1 kusukela ekuqaleni kokuhlinzwa ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi ingozi ephansi kakhulu yokutheleleka.
Ukwelashwa kwezifo ezithathelwanayo zokuguquka
Izifo ezithathelwanayo ezithathelwanayo zivame ukuhlukaniswa ngezigaba zokutheleleka kokuqala okukhatshana. Ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni kwenzeka ngaphakathi kwamasonto noma izinyanga zokuhlinzwa futhi kuvame ukuphathwa ngokuhlinzwa ukuhlanza ukutheleleka, kulandelwa ukwelashwa kwama-antibiotic okubhekiswe kubaktheriya abathile obangela ukutheleleka . Izinqubo eziningi zokuhlinzwa zingadingeka, futhi ama-antibiotic avame ukuqhubeka okungenani amasonto ayisithupha.
Izifo ezithathelwanayo zilukhuni kakhulu ukuphatha futhi zivame ukuba khona amasonto, izinyanga, noma ngisho neminyaka ngaphambi kokuthola ukutheleleka kokutheleleka. Izindwangu zokuguqula amadolo zingaba zikhululekile uma ukutheleleka kube khona isikhathi eside . Kulezi zimo, izimpande zivame ukuba zisuswe futhi ukuphathwa kwegciwane. Ngokuvamile, ukuguqulwa kwamadolo asulelekile kususwe, ukutheleleka kuthathwa okungenani amasonto ayisithupha ngama-antibiotic, futhi uma isifo siphelile, ukushintshwa kwamadolo okusha kwenziwa.
Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuguqulwa kwamadolo amabili okubukwa kwesigaba ngoba kwenziwa ukuhlinza kabili okuhlukene, okukhipha isondo eligciwane lesandulela ngculazi, nokunye ukufaka esikhundleni sogu olusha. Kwezinye izimo, ukubuyekezwa kwesigaba esisodwa, lapho ukuguqulwa kwamagciwane okusulelekile kususwe khona futhi okusha kufakwa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa okufanayo kungenziwa. Kodwa-ke, ukuqaphela kufanele kusetshenziswe, njengokungathi ukutheleleka akukona okwelashwa ngokwanele, kanti ukuhlinzwa okungeziwe kuyoba kuyadingeka.
Ukuphumelela Ukwelashwa
Ukuphumelela kokwelashwa kwamagciwane okuguqulwa ngamadolo kuncike eziningana zezici. Izifo ezitholakale zisheshe zihambe kangcono kunezifo ezisheshayo.
Izifo zamabhaktheriya ezizwela kakhulu kuma-antibiotic amaningi ziphathwa kangcono kunokutheleleka okuvimbela. Ngokuvamile, impumelelo yokwelapha isukela kuma-70 kuya ku-90%. Ezinye iziguli zingadinga izinqubo eziningi zokuhlinzwa, futhi ezimweni ezingavamile, ezinye iziguli ziqhubeka ngokungapheli emithini yokulwa namagciwane eyaziwa ngokuthi ukwelashwa okungapheli okuqhubekayo. Kulezi zimo, kunomuzwa wokuthi ukutheleleka akukwazi ukuphulukiswa noma ukwelashwa kuyodinga kakhulu isiguli, futhi umgomo uba ukulawula ukutheleleka ngaphandle kokuphilisa.
Uma ukutheleleka sekuphulukisiwe, futhi iziguli zisebenza esikhundleni sokuguqa ngamadolo, zingabuyekeza yonke imisebenzi yazo evamile. Ngenkathi ukwelashwa kokuguqulwa kwamadolo kunesikhathi eside futhi kunesidingo, odokotela bamazinyo bayavuma ukuthi uma kufanelekile, ukwelashwa okunamandla iziguli eziningi zingabuyekeza impilo yazo evamile esebenzayo. Ngeshwa, ngisho nangaphansi kwezimo ezingcono kakhulu, ukutheleleka cishe kuholela ekulahlekelweni kokusebenza kwamadolo esikhundleni, ngisho noma ukutheleleka kuqedwa kusukela ekuhlanganyeleni.
Imithombo:
UGarvin KL no-Konigsberg BS. "Ukulandela Ukwelashwa Kwama-Total Knee Arthroplasty: Ukuvimbela Nokuphathwa" I-Bone Joint Surg Am. 2011; 93 (12): 1167-1175