Ukunciphisa ama-Brown akuvamile
I-spider ye-recluse i-brown iyaziwa ukuthi i-bite eyingozi kakhulu. Nakuba ukulunywa kungavamile kakhulu, kubhekene nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i- loxoscelism . Lena kuphela imbangela eyaziwayo ye- arachnidism ye- necrotic (ukufa kwezicubu ezivela ku-spider) futhi ithola igama layo kusukela kuhlobo lwe- Loxosceles lapho wonke ama-spider ekhona khona.
Kodwa wazi kanjani ukuthi ngempela kwakungumbala omnyama owawunitshelayo?
Lona umbuzo ovame kakhulu ngoba kukhona ukukhathazeka okuningi nokwesaba okuzungeze ukunqanda okubomvu. Ukuthatha isicabucabu eliphetheyo ngokuqinisekile kuzokusiza ukuyiqaphela, zama nje ukuthi ungazishiyi engozini yokuluma enye ukuze wenze kanjalo.
Eziningi zokwesaba kwakho zingasetshenziswa ukuphumula ngokuqonda okuncane kokuncipha okubomvu. Isibonelo, lezi zicabucabu zihlala kuphela ezingxenyeni ezithile ze-United States nokufa ngenxa yokulunywa akuvamile. Futhi, khumbula ukuthi akuzona zonke izicubu zesikhumba nezicathulo (ezifile) ezibangelwa ukujula okumnyama noma ngisho nokulunywa kwezigcungulu , ngenxa yalolu daba.
Ingabe Uyaphila Lapho Ukuqothula Okubhakabhaka Kukwenza?
Gcina izinsipho zibizwa ngokuthi i- recluse ngoba ayithandi ukubonwa. Lezi zidalwa zasebusuku ngeke zihlasele abantu ngaphandle kokuba zicasuliwe. Iningi lezinhlayiya eziluhlaza ezibomvu zenzeka ngenxa yokuthi isicabucabu sagcina sesigqoke izingubo zomuntu.
Ngalolo lwazi, lapho uhlala khona empeleni kuyisiqalo sokuqala ukuthi ngabe uhanjelwe yini noma ungenwa yinhlawulo emnyama.
Lezi zinhlobo ezithile zitholakala kuphela eningizimu-ntshonalanga e-United States.
Esicwaningweni esisodwa, abacwaningi abavela eMnyangweni we-Entomology eYunivesithi yaseCalifornia, uMfula i-Riverside bamema abantu ukuba bathumele izibonelo ze-spider ezazikholelwa ukuthi ziyizinsabala. Ezingu-1,773 ze-arachnids ezithunyelwe ezivela emazweni angu-49, kunezinhlobo ezingu-158 ezihlukene.
Kusukela kulabo abangu-29 lapho kutholakala khona izigqoko ezibomvu, kutholakala kuphela ama-brown specsse.
Lolu cwaningo luthole ukuthi uma ulunywa ngaphandle lapho izigabhu eziluhlaza ezidabuzelayo zihlala khona, amathuba okuthiwa avela ekudlukeni okumnyama aseduze nhlobo. Kungenzeka ukuthi ukulimala kubangelwa yinani lezinye izinto, mhlawumbe ngisho nezinye izinhlobo ze-spider ezingaphansi kobuhlungu.
Ngokwesibonelo, uma ubanjwe enyakatho yeKalifornia noma eMaine, cishe cishe akunakwenzeka ukuthi uphumelele ngaphandle uma usanda kubuya eMosissippi. Okubalulekile ukuthi singakwazi ukulawula ukuhamba okumnyama uma ungekho ezindaweni lapho owaziwa khona obomvu baziwa khona.
Ingabe Kwakuyimpumelelo Ye-Brown?
Uma ucabanga ukuthi usemkhawulweni we-brown, ungcono kakhulu uma ukwazi ukubona isi-spider esikuthandayo. Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi abaqapheli ngisho nalapho bethwa, ngakho ukubuka akuvamile.
Uma ngabe, ngengozi, uyakwazi ukuthatha isicabucabu esikushoyo, okungcono nakakhulu. Ukuhlukanisa kunzima futhi kuphela uchwepheshe we-arachnologist (isazi se-spider) angakwazi ukukhomba ngokunembile ukuluhlaza okumnyama kuwe. Cishe kungaphezu kobuchwepheshe bukadokotela wakho, noma ngabe kufanele umbone noma kunjalo uma ukulunywa kuyingozi.
Ngenkathi wena nodokotela wakho bengenakukwazi ukubona ukuhamba okumnyama, kunezinkomba ezimbalwa onayo isicabucabu okungenani emndenini we-recluse. Uma ungakugcina ngokuphepha, nansi okumele ubheke:
- I-recluse izoba namahloni ayisithupha abekwe ngamabili amabili abizwa ngokuthi ama- dyads . I-dyad eyodwa iyoba phezulu futhi abanye behlangothini lwekhanda. Iningi lezinselele linamehlo ayisishiyagalombili.
- Isisu somzimba (isigaba esikhulu) sizoba nezinwele ezinhle futhi sibe nombala oqinile.
- Imilenze yinye imbala eqinile, elula futhi ayinayo izimpande.
- Umzimba (ngaphandle kwemilenze) awukho ngaphezu kuka-3/8-intshi ubude obude.
Ama-recy brown aphinde abizwe ngokuthi ama- violin spider noma ama- fiddlebacks .
Lawa magama abhekisela emgqeni onjenge-violin emuva kwesikwasu. Kodwa-ke, akusobala ngaso sonke isikhathi kwizinhlobo ezibomvu futhi kubonakala kwezinye izinhlobo zezilwane. Bheka enye imininingwane ekhombayo kunokuthembela ku-violin.
Inkinga yukuthi cishe kungenzeka ukuthi awuzange uzizwe ukuluma. Ezimweni eziningi ze-loxoscelism, i-bite ikhonjiswe izimpawu eziningana amahora noma izinsuku emva kweqiniso.
Izimpawu Ze-Brown Recluse Bite
Iningi lesibhakabhaka lihlehliswa noma alikho izimpawu nhlobo noma kukhona ukuvuvukala okuncane nge-red bump. Ezinye ukukhala zizokwenza ubilise noma i-pimple. Lezi zingahle zihlukaniswe ngokuphelele nezinwele ezingenayo noma ukutheleleka kwesikhumba njenge- staphylococcus noma i-streptococcus.
Ukubuyekezwa okujulile kwezinhlanzi zesicabucabu ukuthi amanxeba okufa emhlabeni wonke angasakazeka ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Ungase ubone isikhumba esibomvu eduze nesikhungo noma ubilise, sigijime esimhlophe, bese sibomvu uma sisakazeka.
Ezinye zezinhlayiya ezihamba phambili ezibomvu zingaholela ku-arachnidism ye-necrotic, ebonakala sengathi isilonda esivulekile odokotela abavame ukubiza izilonda. I-term necrotic arachnidism ngokwezwi nezwi isho ukufa kwesishukela nge-spider bite.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi izifo zesikhumba zingabangela izilonda ze-necrotic ezibukeka zifana nalabo abangelwa ukukhala okubomvu. Umehluko wukuthi izifo zesikhumba zesikhumba zingaba yingozi kakhulu futhi ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic kungenzeka, ngakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-antibiotics awasebenzeli ukuhlambalaza okumnyama futhi kukhona okumbalwa kakhulu okuqinisekisiwe okufa ku-loxoscelism. Ucwaningo olunyatheliswa ngo-2017 lubheke amacala e-loxoscelism kusukela ngo-1995 kuya ku-2005. Ezimweni ezingu-57 ezibikiwe zokulinganisa i-loxoscelism enamandla, amabili kuphela aholela ekufeni. Bobabili abantu-indoda endala nentombazanyana-babenempilo ngaphambi kokuluma.
Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi lolu cwaningo lwathola amacala angu-373 angenzeka okwe-loxoscelism ngaleyo minyaka engu-20. Iningi laholela ekuboniseni izimpawu ezincane ezazisulwa phakathi kwamasonto ambalwa.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Brown Recluse Bite
Iningi lezinyosi eziluhlaza eziphuzi ziphulukisa kahle ngaphandle kokungenelela kwezokwelapha noma usizo lokuqala. Uma ubona ukuthi kwenzeke noma usola ukuthi ulunywe, ukwelashwa okunconywayo ukusebenzisa inqubo ejwayelekile yokusiza ebizwa ngokuthi i-RICE (Ukuphumula, i-Ice, Ukucindezela, Nokuphakama). Gcoba indawo yokuluma nge-bandage yokucindezela, sebenzisa i-ice kuso, futhi uyiphakamise.
Uma i-bite ikhula ibe ngamathumba noma isilonda, bheka udokotela. Lokhu ngokuvamile akuyona isimo esiphuthumayo, kodwa kufanele ube nodokotela obukeka. Udokotela angathatha i-swab emathunjini nasesiko ukuze avivinye amabhaktheriya. Lokhu kuyamsiza ukuthi azizwe ukuthi angelashwa yini ngama-antibiotic kanye nezinsiza ekunqumeni imbangela yangempela, u-spider uyaluma noma cha.
Uma ungaboni futhi uzizwa ukuthi isikhunta siyakuma, khona-ke akukho indlela ngempela yokukwazi ukuthi i-bite yelungu elimnyama. Kulokho, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela kunoma yikuphi ubilisa noma obomvu, endaweni ephakanyisiwe ehamba kakhulu, ikakhulu uma izwa ishisa futhi ikhuni.
Izwi elivela
Yize ungase ulingeke ukuba ukhathazeke, qiniseka ukuthi ukuhlambalaza okumnyama kuyinto engavamile kakhulu. Landela isincomo se-RICE sokusiza kuqala futhi uqaphele indawo ocabanga ukuthi i-bite. Uma ubona noma yikuphi okungajwayelekile noma kwamathumba avela, bheka udokotela wakho. Ngokuzikhandla kancane, uzobe uhamba kahle.
> Umthombo:
> Rahmani F, et al. Spiders ezinobuthi: Ukuhlamba, Izimpawu, kanye nokwelapha; Ukubuyekezwa Kwezemfundo. Okuphuthumayo. 2014; 2 (2): 54-58.
> Robinson JR, et al. Ukuchaza i-Phenotype Eyinkimbinkimbi Ye-Loxoscelism Eyisistimu Enamandla Ukusebenzisa i-Large Electronic Heath Record Cohort. PLoS One. 2017; 12 (4): e0174941.
> Vetter, RS. I-Arachnids ihanjiswe njengama-spiders okusolakala ukuthi ayinhlanhla (i-Araneae: i-Sicariidae): Izipikisi ze-Loxosceles zivinjelwe kuphela emiphakathini yazo eyaziwayo kepha zibonakala zikhona kuwo wonke ama-United States. I-Journal ye-Medical Entomology. 2005; 42 (4): 512-521.
> I-Vetter RS. Ama-Recy Brown. University of California, Riverside. 2009.