Ukuqashelwa, Usizo Lokuqala lwe-Skull Fracture & Ukuvalwa Kwekhanda Lokuvala
Ukulimala ekhanda kungabangela umonakalo ku-skull, scalp, noma ubuchopho. Ubuchopho buhlala ngaphakathi kwekhanda elivikelwe umxhwele wezicubu ezithambile ezibizwa ngokuthi i-meninges.
Ukuhlukunyezwa kwe-Skull
Ukulimala kwekhanda kuvame ukuvela ekhanda elibi noma elingaphakathi. I-skull akudingeki iphulwe, kodwa ingaba. Uma i-skull ithambile uma ithintwa, noma ilahlekile, isisulu sinokuvuvukala kwe-skull evulekile noma ecindezelekile.
Uma kucatshangwa i-skull fracture, shayela u-911 ngokushesha .
Ezinye izibonakaliso ze-skull fracture zifaka igazi noma zicacise uketshezi olukhiphayo ezindlebeni noma ekhaleni, futhi ziphazamise nxazonke zombili noma ngemuva kwezindlebe.
Ukulimala Kwekhanda Okuvaliwe
Ukulimala kwekhanda elivaliwe ukulimala ebuchosheni ngaphakathi kwe-skull ephelele. Ukulimala ebuchosheni kubangela ukuvuvukala, okusheshayo kwandisa ingcindezi ngaphakathi kwegazi (ukucindezela kwangaphakathi). Ukucindezela okwandayo kubangela umonakalo omkhulu ebuchosheni, okubangela ukuvuvukala okuningi, njalonjalo. Amagama avamile ngokulimala kwekhanda avaliwe afaka:
- ingxabano
- i-hematoma engaphansi
- i-hematoma epidural
- i-intrarebral hemmorrhage
- ukunyuka kwengcindezi yokunyuka komzimba
Ezinye izinhlobo zokulimala kwekhanda evaliwe zivimbela umjikelezo ngokuzenzekelayo (ingxabano), kanti ezinye zizoqhubeka zimbi kakhulu kuze kube yilapho isisulu sife (i-epidural hematoma). Indlela kuphela yokutshela umehluko nge- CT scan , ebuka ubuchopho kanye ne-skull isebenzisa ama-x-ray .
Izimpawu Nezimpawu Zokulimala Kwekhanda Okuvaliwe
Isisulu esithwetshwe ngento ephikisayo kufanele ibukwe izibonakaliso nezimpawu zokulimala kwentloko evaliwe. Uma isisulu sokuhlukunyezwa kwekhanda elingenayo sinoma yikuphi kwalokhu okulandelayo, shayela u-911 ngokushesha :
- ukulahlekelwa yocwaningo ngesikhathi sokulimala (ukukhishwa)
- ukulahlekelwa inkumbulo yesikhashana (isisulu sigcina imibuzo ephindaphindiwe)
- ayikwazi ukuvusa isisulu ekulaleni
- ukudideka
- ukuhlanza
- isiyezi
- umfutho wegazi ophezulu kakhulu
- ukushaya kancane
Inhloko Yokulimala Usizo Lokuqala
Kuzo zonke izimo zokulimala ekhanda nasentanyeni, kubalulekile ukuthi ungadlulisi intamo yesisulu. Ukusekela ikhanda lakhe endaweni owutholile. Amangqamuzana omgogodla (vertebra) angalimala ekuqhunyeni kwekhanda ngesikhathi sokuhlukunyezwa. Amathambo omgogodla noma ahlakazekile angagquma noma abeke ingcindezi emithanjeni yomgogodla, okwenza ukukhubazeka okwesikhashana noma okuqhubekayo nokulahlekelwa umuzwa.
Ukuvota kungaholela ezinkingeni nge-airway ye-victim. Uma ngabe isisulu siqala ukuhlanza futhi singenalutho , faka isisulu endaweni yokutakula ukuze u-emesis (uhlanza) ukhuphuke emlonyeni wesisulu.
Kuyintokwanekwane ukuthi izisulu zokulimala kwekhanda elivaliwe kufanele zigcinwe ziphapheme . Uma isisulu sokuhlukunyezwa esihlokweni singenayo izimpawu noma izimpawu zokulimala kwekhanda elivaliwe noma ukuphuka kwe-skull, asikho isizathu sokumvusa. Uma usulele, vula isisulu cishe imizuzu engama-30 ngemuva kokulala ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi angavuswa. Uma ungeke ukwazi ukuvusa isisulu se-traumatic head traum 30 minutes emva kokulala, shayela 911 ngokushesha .
Imithombo:
UHenry, uMark C. no-Edward R. Stapleton.
Ukunakekelwa kwe- EMT Prehospital . Umhla wesi-3. 2004. Mosby / Jems