Iyini isigwebo uma ungenayo umshuwalense wezempilo?
Ingabe kuzomele ukhokhele inhlawulo yentela yokungenawo umshuwalense wezempilo ? Kungakanani isaphulelo somshuwalense wezempilo? Yiziphi izindleko ezingaphansi: ukukhokha intela yentela noma ukuthenga umshuwalense wezempilo?
Enye yezingxenye eziphikisana kakhulu zoMthetho Wokunakekelwa Okungenakuthengiswa yiyona igunya elilodwa elidinga amaMelika ukuba abe nomshuwalense wezempilo. Nakuba inamba encane yabaseMelika ikhululiwe emfunweni wokuthola umshuwalense wezempilo, sonke sibhekene nesigwebo, ukukhokhwa kwemfanelo okwabiwe , uma singagunyaziwe.
Ikusasa le-ACA-kufaka phakathi isijeziso somthwalo wabelane-akuqinisekisiwe, kodwa imizamo ephindaphindiwe yomthetho wamaRiphabliki kulo lonke u-2017 ukuqeda i-ACA ayiphumelelanga. Kusukela ngasekupheleni kuka-2017, i-ACA, ephelele, ihlala ingalungile.
Isikhulu sokuqala seMengameli uTrump sathi ama-federal ejensi kumele abe mnandi ngangokunokwenzeka lapho kuqiniswa izintela ze-ACA nezinhlawulo. Ngenxa yalokho, i-IRS yamemezela ngoFebhuwari 2017 ukuthi angeke ilahle izintela ze-2016 ezingaphenduli umbuzo mayelana nokutholakala komshuwalense wezempilo (umugqa 61 weFomu 1040). Banike ilungelo lokulandela ngezihlungi ezingaphenduli lo mbuzo, kodwa ukubuyiselwa akuzange kunqatshelwe ngokuqondile (inothi ukuthi akungekho emthethweni ukukhohlisa ku-IRS kunoma yiziphi izimo; awukwazi ukusho ukuthi unemininingwane uma ungenayo 't).
Kodwa-ke, kusukela ngonyaka we-2018 wokufaka intela yentela (ukubuyela ngonyaka ka-2017), i-IRS ngeke isakwazi ukuthola ukwamukela intela okungaphenduli umbuzo mayelana nokufakwa komshuwalense wezempilo.
Zonke izihlungi kuzodingeka zibonise ukuthi zikhona yini ukubekwa noma cha, zihlale zikhumbula engqondweni, ukuthi akukho emthethweni ukukhohlisa i-IRS.
Nakhu okudingeka ukwazi ngakho ukuthi inhlawulo isebenza kanjani nokuthi ingakanani:
Umbuso ngamunye unesiShuwalense Somshuwalense wezeMpilo ukusiza abantu bathole umshwalense, futhi izinsizakalo ze-premium zitholakalayo ukusiza abantu abaningi bakhokhele umshuwalense wezempilo (ukufaneleka kwemali yesibonelelo kufinyelela ku-400% wezinga lobuphofu, okungama $ 48,240 kumuntu oyedwa ngo-2018, futhi $ 98,400 emndenini wezine).
Kodwa, uma ujwayele ukungena umshuwalense wezempilo futhi ungafanelanga ukuthola usizo, kufanele ucindezele izindleko zemshuwalense wezempilo kubhajethi yakho noma ukhokhe isigwebo somuntu ngamunye.
Uma ucabanga ngokuhamba ngaphandle komshuwalense wezempilo ngezinethemba lokulondoloza imali , izindleko zesigwebo ziyodla imali yakho. Ukwazi inani lenhlawulo kungakusiza isabelomali.
Uma uzama ukubala isijeziso somndeni kunomuntu ngamunye, funda kanjani lapha .
Ukubala isigwebo somshuwalense wezempilo
Okokuqala, sibheke ithebula lesigwebo se-Individual Penalty Table ngezansi. Ngemuva kokubuka itafula, funda ukuze ufunde ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani kahle, ngakho awukhokhi kakhulu.
| Unyaka ka-2014 | Unyaka ka-2015 | Unyaka wezi-2016 | Ngemuva kuka-2016 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Isijeziso esisekelwe ngenzuzo | I-1% yengeniso ngenhla yokufaka umkhawulo | Amaphesenti angu-2 engeniso ngaphezu kokufaka isikhala | 2.5% yengeniso ngenhla yokufaka umkhawulo | 2.5% yengeniso ngenhla yokufaka umkhawulo |
| Inani eliphansi lesigwebo | $ 95 umuntu omdala & $ 47.50 ngomntwana, kuze kube ngu-$ 285 umndeni ngamunye | $ 325 ngomuntu omdala & $ 162.50 ngomntwana ngamunye, kufika ku-$ 975 ngomndeni ngamunye |
| Ngokufanayo njengo-2016 + ukulungiswa kwezezimali (ukulungiswa kwakungu-$ 0 ngo-2017 no-2018) |
Inkokhelo oyoyikhokha isilinganiso esincane esinqunyiwe noma iphesenti yenzuzo yakho jikelele.
Ukusebenzisa itafula, balala inhlawulo njengephesenti yemali engenayo kuqala. Khona-ke, qhathanisa lokho nesikhombiso somshuwalense wempilo esincane salowo nyaka. Isijeziso sakho somuntu ngamunye sizoba mkhulu kulabo ababili.
Isofthiwe yentela izobala inhlawulo kuwe, kodwa uma unesifiso sokuthi isebenza kanjani, noma ufuna ukuqiniseka ukuthi inembile, nanka amanye amathiphu:
- Ungakhokhi uhulumeni kakhulu. Khokha kuphela inhlawulo yomshuwalense wezempilo engxenyeni yengeniso yakho engaphezu kwembalo yokufaka. Susa isikhwama sokungena kusuka kwingeniso yakho ngaphambi kokuthi ubale isijeziso. (Uzobona izibonelo zalokhu ngezansi.)
- Umngcele wokufaka imali yinani lemali engenayo elikudingayo ukuba ufake ibuyisela intela. Abantu abanemali engenayo ngaphansi kwembundu yokufaka akudingeki bafake ukubuya kwentela engenayo; labo abanemiholo engaphezu komngcele kumele bafake.
- Umngcele wokufaka u-2017 uyi-$ 10,400 yezihlungi ezingashadile ne-$ 20,800 emibhangqweni eshadile efaka ngokuhlanganyela. Ungathola imibundu yokufakela eminye iminyaka nakweminye imidwebo yokufaka okushicilelwe ku-501 kumafomu we-IRS kanye nekhasi lezincwadi.
Izimo Ezingahle Zinciphise Isijeziso Sakho
- Ayikwazanga ukuthola umshuwalense wezempilo ongabizi? Uma ungatholi umshuwalense wezempilo okubiza ukuthi ungaphansi kwamaphesenti angama-8.05 wemali yakho engenayo ngo-2018 , ungase ukhululeke esihlalweni. (Lokho kwaqala ngamaphesenti angu-8 ngonyaka ka-2014. Landa kancane ngonyaka ngonyaka ka 2017, njengoba izindleko zemshuwalense wezempilo zanda ngokushesha kunomholo ongaphakathi, kodwa wehla kancane kusukela ngo-2017 kuya ku-2018.)
- Ingabe unomshuwalense wezempilo okwengxenye yonyaka?
Khokha kuphela inhlawulo izinyanga owahamba ngaphandle komshuwalense wezempilo. Isibonelo, uma uhamba ngaphandle komshuwalense wezempilo ezinyangeni eziyisikhombisa zonyaka, uzokhokha kuphela ama-twelfths ayisikhombisa enhlawulo yomshuwalense wezempilo wonyaka. - Ingabe unesijeziso esikhulu?
Inani lemali lihlawuliswa ngokwezindleko ezilinganiselwe zikazwelonke zesicwangciso somshuwalense wezempilo we-bronze-tier walolo nyaka. Lesi shintsho sishintsha njalo ngonyaka, ngakho i-IRS imemezela isibalo esisha seminyaka yonke sonyaka ngaphambi kokuba abantu baqale ukulungiselela ukubuyiswa kwentela yabo. Izintela zakho ezingu-2017 (ezifakwe ekuqaleni kuka-2018), inani liyi $ 272 ngenyanga noma u-$ 3,264 ngonyaka ngomuntu oyedwa (umndeni wamahlanu noma ngaphezulu, ubuningi yi-$ 16,320)
Isibonelo A
UStan ungumfaki wentela oneminyaka engu-24 oneminyaka engu-24 owawenza i-$ 45,000 ngo-2017 futhi akazange aqinisekiswe unyaka wonke. Nakuba umqashi wakhe enikeze umshuwalense wezempilo ubiza u-$ 280 ngenyanga, uStan wazizwa engakwazi ukukhokhela u-$ 280 ngenyanga, ngakho-ke wakhetha ukuhamba ngaphandle komshuwalense. Sizosebenzisa imali engu-$ 10,400 yokufaka imali engu-2017, kanti izindleko zezempilo zika-2017 ze-bronze-tier plan $ 3,264 ngonyaka. Nazi izibalo zikaStan:
Isinyathelo 1
$ 45,000 - $ 10,400 = $ 34,600
Imali engenayo ye-Stan yokufaka imali yezingcingo ezilodwa = ingxenye yengeniso ka-Stan esetshenziselwa ukubala inhlawulo.
Isinyathelo 2
$ 34,600 X 0.025 = $ 865
Ingxenye yesabelo sikaStan esetshenziselwa ukubala inhlawulo X ipesenti yehlawulo ngo-2017 okuyi-2.5% noma 0.025 = inhlawulo yephesenti ye-Stan.
Isinyathelo 3
Hlola ithebula. Qhathanisa isijeziso esincane se-2016 nesigwebo sephesenti-yenzuzo owavele ubalwe, futhi isinqumo somuntu ngamunye sikaStan sizoba mkhulu kulabo ababili.
Kusukela ku-$ 865 kunkulu kunesijeziso sempilo yomshuwalense we-$ 695 wezi-2017, uStan uzokhokha imali engu-$ 865 uma efaka izintela zakhe ekuqaleni kuka-2018.
Isijeziso sikaStan sasingaphansi kwesilinganiso semali yomshuwalense wezempilo we-bronze-tier, u-$ 3,264, ukuze isikhwama senhlawulo singathinti isijeziso sikaStan. Umqashi kaStan wanikeza umshuwalense wezempilo okungaba kubiza uStan ngaphansi kuka-9.69% wemali engenayo, okusho ukuthi umqashi wakhe uhambisana nomsebenzi we-ACA's umqashi, njengoba ukukhokhelwa kwakuyobiza uStan ngaphansi kwamaphesenti angama-9.69 emali engenayo (leli phesenti zilungiswe minyaka yonke; yande kancane kancane kusukela ngo-2014, kodwa futhi iyancipha kancane ngo-2018).
- Ithiphu: Uma ungakwazi ukukhumbula ukuthi ungasebenzisa kanjani izibalo zamaphesenti, nansi ikhodi yokubala.
Isibonelo B
UMariya ungomunye oneminyaka engu-45 ubudala ongatholakali izinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili ngo-2017. Ngonyaka ka-2017, wayenomshwalense wezempilo. Wathola u-$ 75,000. Nazi izibalo:
Isinyathelo 1
$ 75,000 - $ 10,400 = $ 64,600
Imali kaMariya ngonyaka ka-2017 - ukufaka umthamo wecala elilodwa = ingxenye yengeniso kaMariya esetshenziselwa ukubala inhlawulo.
Isinyathelo 2
$ 64,600 X 0.025 = $ 1,615
Ingxenye yemali engenayo kaMariya isetshenziselwa ukubala inhlawulo X inhlawulo yenhlawulo ngo-2017 okuyi-2.5% noma i-0.025 = inhlawulo yamaphesenti kaMariya yokuthola imali.
Isinyathelo 3
Hlola ithebula bese ukhetha izinhlawulo ezimbili ezinkulu. Isijeziso esincane sonyaka ka-2017 ngu-$ 695. Njengoba lokhu kungaphansi kwesigwebo sika-Mary esingu-$ 1,615 sokukhokha imali engamaphesenti angu-1,615, uMary uzohlolwa inhlawulo enkulu, yephesenti yenzuzo.
Isinyathelo 4
(8/12) X $ 1,615 = $ 1,076.67
UMary kumele akhokhe izinkulungwane eziyishumi nesishiyagalolunye zesigwebo ($ 1,076.67) ngoba wayengaqinisekanga kuphela izinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili.
Isinyathelo 5
Qiniseka ukuthi uMariya akakhokhi kakhulu. Isijeziso sithathwa ngokwezindleko ezilinganiselwe zikazwelonke zesimiso sezempilo se-bronze-tier. Isilinganiso sikazwelonke sika-2017 sohlelo lwe-bronze-tier sasingu-$ 272 ngenyanga:
$ 272 X 8 izinyanga = $ 2,176.
Isijeziso sikaMariya sithathwe ezinyangeni eziyisishiyagalolunye zemali yomshwalense wezempilo we-bronze-tier. Njengoba inkokhelo ka-Mary yenzuzo yamaphesenti ezinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili, i-$ 1,076.67 ingaphansi kwesikhwama sezinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye se-$ 2,176, i-cap ngeke ihlehlise inani layo lesigwebo.
UMary uzodingeka akhokhele isigwebo somuntu ngamunye esingu-$ 1076.67 lapho efaka intela yakhe entwasahlobo ka-2018.
Uma uMary noma uStan bebalinganise inani lemali elinezilinganiso ezinkulu kakhulu kunezinga likazwelonke elilinganiselwe lokuhlelwa kwebheyili-tier, isijeziso sabo sasizobe sesigxile emazingeni aphansi kazwelonke wezinhlelo zezempilo zethusi.
Uma ukhokha inhlawulo ngenxa yokuthi awuzange uqinisekiswe ngonyaka odlule, cishe ukhokhele i-pocket yezindleko zakho zezokwelapha. Kwezinye izimo, izindleko zokunakekelwa kwezempilo ozikhokhele zingasetshenziswa njengokwenyuswa kwentela emithethweni yakho yentela yomphakathi , kodwa imali yakho yokusebenzisa imali kumele idlule ngaphezulu kwamaphesenti ayishumi emali engenayo ngaphambi kokuthi lokho kukhishwe kuzokwenzelwa.
Imithombo:
Ikhodi yase-US 2011, Isihloko 26, isihlokwana D, Isahluko 48, sec5000A.
I-IRS: Imibuzo nezimpendulo kuhlinzekwa komuntu ngamunye.
I-IRS: Ukuhlinzekwa Kwabanye Ngokuhlanganyela-Ukubikwa nokubala Ukukhokha.
I-IRS: Inqubo Yokuthola Imali Yenzuzo 2016-24 neNqubo Yokuthola Imali 2016-43 kanye Nendlela Yokuthola Imali 2017-36 , kanye Nendlela Yokuthola Imali 2017-48
Umbiko weSikhungo Sokucwaninga Nge-Congressional: Isimiso Somuntu Ngamanye kanye Nezidingo Ezihlobene Nokwaziswa Ngaphansi kwe-PPACA