U-Suzanne Raschke unguMfundisi Wokufundisa Wezithulu Nezinkinga Zokuzwa Nge-MCESA (Midland County Educational Service Agency) eMidland, Michigan.
Abaningi bethu abaqeqeshiwe nabo baphikisana ngokuthola uhlelo lokufunda nokubhala nokufanisa izidingo zabafundi babo.
Ukuhamba emibuthanweni - Yimuphi uhlelo lokufunda?
Othisha baqhubeka befuna ikharikhulamu efanele yokufunda ukusiza abafundi abayizithulu noma abanzima ukuzwa.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umfundi we-DHH ngokufunda ngokwehluleka kusezingeni lokufundela iDHH noma ukuhlelwa kwemfundo jikelele, kusengumgomo womfundisi ukuthuthukisa / ukulungisa amakhono okufunda ngendlela ephumelelayo futhi ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Othisha bayazi ukuthi uhlelo lokufunda kufanele luboniswe ngokusekelwa futhi luxhaswe ngophenyo lomqondo. Noma kunjalo, akulula ukufanisa izinhlelo ezimbalwa ze-DHH ezifanisa lezo ziqondiso nezidingo zomfundi ngamunye. Kanjalo kuqhubeka ukucinga okukhanyelayo.
Ingabe usho ukuqwashisa ngezwi ngezithulu nokuzwa okunzima?
Ngaphakathi kwezingxenye zemfundo yokufunda ehlelwe yiNational Reading Panel yikhono elithakazelisayo kodwa eliyinkimbinkimbi yokuqwashisa ngefoni. Umfundi oyisithulu noma onzima ukuzwa usebenza kanjani ngokuphathelene nokuthuthukiswa kwezwi / ukukhulumisana kwama-phonological? Sifundisa kanjani lokho? Ingabe sishiya ingxenye ethiwa yiyona ndlela enkulu yokufunda abafundi abahle?
Ingabe amakghono aphikisayo we-phonological namakhono amakhono omlimi aholela emakhono amakhono okufunda? Sithola kanjani uhlelo lokusekela lezo zidingo zabafundi bethu abayizithulu noma abanzima ukuzwa?
Ukuqhathanisa abafundi abampofu abayizithulu noma abanzima ukuzwa lapho bezwa izingane ezine-dyslexia kusenza siqonde amasu?
Kutholakale ngaphakathi kwesihloko esilandelayo kungamasu asebenzayo angase anikele isiqondiso ekufuneni kwethu amasu ekubhekaneni nezinselele zokufunda zabafundi abayizithulu noma abanzima ukuzwa.
Abacwaningi baphenya abafundi abangu-79 ababesezithulu basebenzisa ukukhulumisana ngomlomo nabafundi abangu-20 abazwayo abane-dyslexia ukuthola ukuthi bobabili babonisa ubunzima obufanayo namakhono e-phonological. Ukuthola kwabo kunika izinqumo ezikhona.
Ucwaningo lwe-Nuffield Foundation, Ukufunda kanye ne-Dyslexia kuma-Deaf Children lunikeza ukuqhathaniswa kwezingane ezizwakalayo ezizwakalayo nezindlebe ezinganeni ezithulu. Abalobi, uHerman, uRoy & Kyle, baphetha ngokuthi abantwana abangezithulu nokusebenzisa ukukhuluma ngomlomo ngolimi olubi kanye namakhono e-phonological babenenkinga efanayo nalabo abatholakala ekuzwa izingane ezine-dyslexia. Ingabe amaqembu womabili kufanele athole amasu afanayo okungenelela okukhethekile? Ukutholakala kwabo kusikisela ukuthi amasu akhethekile atholakala kubafundi abazwayo ne-dyslexia kufanele atholakale nezingane ezithulu futhi zisebenzise ukukhulumisana ngomlomo nokusebenza okungalungile nokufunda ulimi.
Qalisa amasu aphumelelayo awaziwa ukulungisa abafundi abane-dyslexia futhi sisiza abafundi abayizithulu futhi abanzima ukuzwa ekuthuthukiseni kwabo ukufunda nokubhala. Yiziphi lezo zindlela?
Abafundi abane-dyslexia bane-intelligence evamile kodwa bakhombise amakhono amakhono okufunda / ukufunda. Ukuhlola ngokuvamile kufakazela izingxenye eziyinhloko zokukhuluma ngomlomo nangokwakheka njengamakhono e-phonological, amakhono okuhlaziya, amakhono angekho emlomo, amakhono okukhulumisana / amakhono okufunda amagama, njll.
Ngokusho kwe-International Dyslexic Association, ukungenelela kwamanye amazwe, noma ukungena kweqembu, amasu okufundisa asetshenziselwa ukulungisa lezi zingxenye ezingenhla nabafundi abanobuchopho obuvamile:
- Isistimu
- Ukwenyuka
- Chaza
- I-Multi-sensory
Amasu kufanele ahlanganise ngokucophelela ukuqashelwa kwemisindo, imisindo, ukushelela, ukukhumbula imemori, isakhiwo samagama, ukuqonda, kanye negrama kanye ne-syntax.
Ezinye izindlela ezitholakalayo ongazibona: (ngaphezulu kwizinsiza ezingezansi)
- I-Orton-Gillingham
- ULIMI! nguSopris
- Uhlelo lweWilson Lokufunda
- Indlela ye-Spalding
Izinsiza ezilandelayo zizosiza ekusesheni kwakho njengoba ufuna ukuthola uhlelo lokufunda nokubhala olufanelekayo (kanye ne-perchance dyslexia) lwabafundi bakho abayizithulu noma abanzima ukuzwa ukudingwa ukusekelwa kokufunda.
UKUFANELELA NEMIQONDO:
Uhlaka Lokwaziswa Okungaziwa Nokufundiswa kolimi - Isibalo sezinhlelo zoLimi eziLungiselelwe iMultisensory yi-International Dyslexic Association
Isu elisha elidinga izingane ezingenasisulu ngokufunda Ukuhlukunyezwa nguRosalind Herman, Fiona Kyle noPenny Roy
Ukufunda kanye ne-Dyslexia ezinganeni eziyizithulu uDkt. Ros Herman, uProfesa Penny Roy noDkt. Fiona Kyle (City University, London, 2014)
Amasu okusekela abafundi abafundi abayizithulu nguPrue Ruback
Amathiphu Othisha Abahlinzeka Abafundi abane-Dyslexia ekilasini ngeThimba lezokuhlela le-NCLD