Abacwaningi bathole ukuxhumana okucacile kofuzo phakathi kwesikhumba se-vitiligo, nezinye izifo ezizimele. Ngokuqondile, i-vitiligo ihlobene kakhulu nenani lezifo ezizimele, kufaka phakathi:
- Izifo ze-autoimmune zizenzekelayo njenge- Hashimoto's thyroiditis ne- Graves '
- I-anemia enenhliziyo
- I-rheumatoid arthritis
- I-Psoriasis
- Lupus
- Isifo sofuba esiswini
- Thayipha isifo sikashukela se-1
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ucwaningo luye lwaveza ukuthi ukusabalalisa kwesifo se-autoimmune kwisifo samathambo e-14% kubantu abane-vitiligo, futhi ingozi yokuthuthukisa isifo se-autoimmune (uma unayo i-vitiligo) isanda ngeminyaka.
Sibutsetelo se-Vitiligo
I-Vitiligo, ebizwa nangokuthi isikhumba se-piebald noma ithola i-leukoderma, yisimo lapho i-pigment ilahleka khona ezindaweni zesikhumba, okwenza kube mhlophe, ama-patches abushelelezi. Ukulahlekelwa kwe-pigment kuvela kuma-melanocytes, amangqamuzana akhiqiza i-pigment. Izinwele ezikhula kulezo zindawo ezithintekile nazo zingathinteka, ziphenduke ezimhlophe. E-vitiligo, isikhumba ngokwawo asinomonakalo, kodwa abanye abantu bayayibona isikhumba esilula noma singakhululekile.
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-vitiligo:
I-Vitiligo engeyona ingxenye
Lona uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-vitiligo. Ama-patches ayabonakala ezinhlangothini zombili zomzimba futhi ajwayelekile ngokulinganisa. Amachashazi avame ukutholakala ezindaweni ezivame ukubonakala elangeni noma esikhumbeni ngaphansi kocindezelo, ukuxabana noma ukuhlukunyezwa.
Kunezigaba ezingaphansi ezinhlanu ze-vitiligo engeyona ingxenye:
- I-Generalized - ayikho into ethile noma ubukhulu lapho kuvela khona ama-patches
- I-Acrofacial - ikakhulukazi eminwe, izinzwane, nobuso
- I-mucosal - itholwe ngezingqimba zomuncu nezindebe noma i-mucosa yesisu
- I-Universal - ihlanganisa iningi lomzimba, futhi ayifani kakhulu
- Focal - ama-patches ambalwa ahlakazekile endaweni encane, ngokuvamile etholakala ezinganeni
I-Vitiligo ye-Segmental
Leli fomu le-vitiligo lisakazeka ngokushesha kodwa lizinzile ngaphezu kokungezona. Kuyinto engavamile kakhulu kunezingekho ezingezansi.
I-Vitiligo ehlanganisiwe
I-vitiligo ehlanganisiwe itholakala ukuthi umuntu unobunikazi bobubili be-vitiligo engezansi.
I-Vitiligo encane noma i-Vitiligo Hypochromic
Lolu hlobo lwe-vitiligo lubonakala ngamagqabha ambalwa ahlakazekile e-trunk nase-scalp, etholakala kubantu abanobumnyama
Isizathu seVitiligo
Asikho isizathu esicacile sokuthi kungani ama-melanocytes afa. Ezinye zezizathu ezicatshangelwe ukudala i-vitiligo yizi:
- Ukuhlasela okuzenzekelayo, lapho isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ngculaza sihlasela ngokungafanele futhi sichitha ama-melanocytes esikhumbeni
- Ukungalingani ekucindezelekeni kwe-oxidative komzimba okungahle kube yimizimba yemvelo
- Ama-virus
Izici eziningana zibhekwa njengezimbangela ze-vitiligo, kufaka phakathi:
- Izenzakalo ezicindezelayo noma ukucindezeleka okungapheli
- Ukushisa kwelanga okukhulu
- Ukuvezwa kwamakhemikhali anonya
Ukuxilongwa kweVitiligo
Udokotela uzothola i-vitiligo ngokuhlola umndeni wakho kanye nomlando wezokwelapha, futhi uhlolwe ngokomzimba. Udokotela wakho angalawula ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuhlola umsebenzi wakho we -roid, unikezwe isixhumanisi phakathi kwe-vitiligo nesifo se-autoimmune.
Udokotela wakho uzovame ukubuza imibuzo, kufaka phakathi:
- Ingabe unamanye amalungu omndeni nge-vitiligo?
- Unomlando womndeni wezifo ezizimele?
- Ingabe ube nokushayeka okukhulu noma ukushisa ilanga ngaphambi kokuba kuvele ama-white patches?
- Ingabe ukucindezeleka ngokomzimba noma kwengqondo?
- Ingabe izinwele zakho zaguga ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-35?
- Ingabe uzwela elangeni?
Ukwelashwa kweVitiligo
Cishe, kuzodingeka ubone i-dermatologist ukuhlola kahle i-vitiligo. Udokotela angakusiza ukuba uqale inkambo yokwelapha ukusiza ukubuyisela ukuguqulwa kwesikhumba. Ngenkathi kunezinketho eziningi zokwelapha ze-vitiligo, ayikho ikhambi.
Ukwelashwa kuxhomeke kuneminyaka yakho, impilo yonke, izintandokazi zakho, kanye nendawo ye-vitiligo emzimbeni wakho.
Abanye abantu bakhetha ukungaphathi i-vitiligo yabo.
Imithi yokwelapha i-vitiligo ihlanganisa okulandelayo:
I-Phototherapy ne-UVB ukukhanya
Indawo ethintekile ibonakala ekukhanyeni kwe-UVB. Lokhu ukwelashwa kungenziwa ekhaya, futhi ngoba kungenziwa nsuku zonke ekhaya, kubhekwa njengenye yezokwelapha eziphumelelayo.
Ukwelashwa kwe-PUVA ukukhanya
Ukwelashwa kwakhe kusebenzisa ukukhanya kwe-UVA ukuphatha izindawo ezidalulwe futhi ngokuvamile kwenziwa ehhovisi likadokotela.
Isikhumba sifike / ukwenza izimonyo
Izindawo ezithintekile zingabhekwa nama-creams aqoshiwe kanye nama-makeup.
Ukuxuba
Uma indawo ethintekile inkulu, njengamaphesenti angaba ngu-50 omzimba, wonke umzimba ungahlanjululwa ukuze uhambisane nezindawo ezithintekile yi-vitiligo.
I-steroids yezihloko
Ngezinye izikhathi i-steroid yama-sophili esetshenziswa ezindaweni ezithintekayo ingamisa ukusabalala kwesifo. Lokhu ukwelashwa ngokuvamile akukwenziwanga ku-vitiligo esesibusweni.
Ukudla okunomsoco, amakhambi, kanye nezindlela ezihambisanayo
I-Vitiligo Support International inokubukezwa okuhle kwemikhakha ehlukahlukene yokudla okunomsoco, wezemithi kanye neyenezelayo ye-vitiligo
Izinketho ezimbili ezintsha ziphinde zibonise isithembiso ekuphatheni i-vitiligo.
I-PC-KUS
I-PC-KUS iyinqubo yokwelapha eyasungulwa eYurophu. Kwesinye isifundo sezilwane ezingaba ngu-2 500 ezine-vitiligo, iningi lakwazi ukubuyisela ukuguqulwa kwesikhumba esikhumbeni sabo nasezinwele nge-PC-KUS yokwelapha.
Tofacitinib
I-Tofacitinib, i-Janus kinase yokuvimbela izidakamizwa, itholakale ukugqugquzela ukuguqulwa kweziguli kwezinye iziguli ze-vitiligo. Kudingeka izifundo eziningi ezengeziwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izidakamizwa ziphephile futhi zisebenzayo ekuphatheni i-vitiligo.
Izwi elivela
Nakuba i-vitiligo ingesona isifo esongela ukuphila, ingathatha umonakalo empilweni yengqondo yomuntu. Ukuthola ulwazi mayelana ne-vitiligo, ukufuna ukunakekelwa okufanele kusuka kudermatologist, nokuxhuma nabanye nge-vitiligo kuyisihluthulelo sokubhekana kahle.
Okokugcina, uma wena noma othandekayo ene-vitiligo, kunengqondo ukuxoxa nodokotela wakho ukuthola ukuhlolwa kwegazi le-TSH kanye nokuhlolwa kwama-antibodies we-thyroid.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Academy of Dermatology. I-Vitiligo.
> Baldini E et al. I-Vitiligo ne-Autoimmune Izifo ze-Thyroid. I-Front Endocrinol (iLausanne). 2017; 8: 290.
> Grimes PE. (2017). I-Vitiligo: I-Pathogenesis, izici zokwelashwa, nokuxilongwa. U-Tsao H, u-ed. Kusesikhathini. Waltham, MA: UpToDate Inc.
> Liu LY, Strassner JP, Refat MA, Harris J, King BA. Ukuguqulwa kwe-vitiligo usebenzisa i-Janus kinase inhibitor kuya ku-opitinib kungadinga ukuvezwa kokukhanya okuhambisanayo. J Am Acad Dermatol . 2017 Okthoba; 77 (4): 675-82.
> Vrijman C et al. Ukusabalala kwesifo segciwane ku iziguli ezine-vitiligo: ukubuyekezwa okuhlelekile. Br J Dermatol 2012 Dec; 167 (6): 1224-35.