Ukusetshenziswa Kwama-Usability Heuristics Ka-Nielsen Okusetshenziselwa Amarekhodi EzeMpilo E-Electronic

I-heuristic ingumthetho wesithupha noma isinqamuleli sengqondo esivumela abantu ukuba benze izinqumo ngokushesha futhi baxazulule izinkinga. Kunezinhlayiyana eziningana ze-heuristics ezisebenzayo ekuklanyeni nasekuhloleni isikhombimsebenzisi somsebenzisi wamarekhodi ezempilo kagesi (EHRs). Lesi sihloko sizobukeza i- "Usability Heuristics" ye-Jakob Nielsen engu-10 ye-User Interface Design "futhi sinikeze izibonelo zendlela ama-heuristics angabonwa ngayo noma aphulwe ku-EHR.

1. Ukubonakala kwesimo sesistimu

"Uhlelo kumele luhlale lugcina abasebenzisi ukwaziswa ngalokho okuqhubekayo, ngokusebenzisa impendulo efanele ngesikhathi esifanele."

I-Heuristic ibike: Uma i-EHR idlulisela ukufakwa kwe-computer (i-CPOE) ye- computer- ukuthumela umshini we- elekthronikhi kumakhemisi, isibonelo-i-EHR ibonisa isimo sokudluliswa kwe-oda. I-EHR ixwayisa umsebenzisi uma ukudluliswa kwehlulekile.

I-Heuristic yaphula: I-EHR ayibonisi isimo se-order, ukuze umsebenzisi angakwazi ukucacisa ukuthi ngabe i-oda ithunyelwe ngempumelelo noma cha.

2. Ukufanisana phakathi kwesistimu nezwe eliyiqiniso

"Uhlelo kumele lukhulume ulimi lwabasebenzisi, ngamazwi, imisho nemigomo ejwayele umsebenzisi, kunokuba kube nemigomo ehambisana nesistimu. Landela imihlangano yangempela yezwe, okwenza ulwazi luvele ehlelweni lwemvelo nolunengqondo. "

I-Heuristic yaphawula: Izakhi zokwelapha zemithi ekuhleleni kwendabuko yezinto, isib. "Lisinopril 20 mg kanye ngosuku ngomlomo."

I-Heuristic yephule: Izakhi ze-prescription zihlelekile.

I-Heuristic yaphawula: Izici ezithuthukisiwe ze-template yenothi yokuqhubekayo (isib. Ukubuyekezwa kwezinhlelo, ukuhlola ngokomzimba) kuboniswa ngokulandelana kanye nolwazi olujwayelekile kumtholampilo.

I-Heuristic yephule: Izinto ezingaphandle kwe-oda.

3. Ukulawulwa Komsebenzisi Nenkululeko

"Abasebenzisi bavame ukukhetha imisebenzi ye-system ngephutha futhi bayodinga" ukuphuma okuphuthumayo "okuphawuleka ngokucacile ukushiya isimo esingadingeki ngaphandle kokuba bahambe ngenkulumo ekhulisiwe. Ukusekela ukulungisa futhi ubuyekeze. "

I-Heuristic yathi: I-EHR ivumela umsebenzisi ukuba ahlele, abuyekeze, asindise futhi akhansele izinguquko ezingalondoloziwe ku-CPOE namanothi omtholampilo ngaphambi kokuba aqedelwe.

I-Heuristic yaphula: I-EHR ayivumeli umsebenzisi ukuthi enze izinguquko ngaphambi kwe-CPOE kanye namanothi omtholampilo aqedile.

4. Ukubambisana kanye namaCtandards

"Abasebenzisi akudingeki bazibuze ukuthi amagama, izimo, noma izenzo ezihlukile kusho into efanayo. Landela imihlangano yesikhulumi. "

I-Heuristic yaphawula: I-EHR inikeza inketho eyodwa kuphela yokwenza i-CPOE ethize (nakuba umsebenzisi angakwazi ukufinyelela okukhethwa kukho kusuka ezindleleni eziningi).

I-Heuristic yaphula: Izinketho zokuhlinzeka nge-EHR "ukuvuselela kabusha" nokuvuselela imishanguzo ngaphandle kokuchaza umehluko (uma kukhona umehluko) phakathi kokubili.

I-Heuristic yaphawula: I-EHR ibonisa ngokucacile indlela indlela ehlukile yokukhetha inkinga yezokwelapha kusuka kwimenyu (isib. Ukucindezeleka okukhulu) izobeka inkinga kwizigaba zomlando wezokwelapha odlule, izinkinga ezisebenzayo, ukuxilongwa kwamanje, noma ukuhlonza ukukhokha.

I-Heuristic yaphula: I-EHR ayibonisi ngokucacile ukuthi izindlela ezihlukahlukene zokukhetha inkinga yezokwelapha izobeka kanjani inkinga ngezigaba ezihlukahlukene.

5. Iphutha lokuvimbela

"Kungcono kakhulu kunemilayezo emibi yephutha kungumklamo oqaphile ovimbela inkinga ukuthi ingabikho endaweni yokuqala. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ususe izimo ezithintekayo noma uzihlole futhi ubonise abasebenzisi ngenketho yokuqinisekisa ngaphambi kokuba benze isinyathelo. "

I-Heuristic yaphawula: I-EHR ihlola ukusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa nokubonisa izaziso ezifanele ngaphambi kwenqubo yokuhleleka.

I-Heuristic yaphula: I-EHR ibonisa izixwayiso zokusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa-izidakamizwa sekwephuzile kule nqubo, okwenza kwenzeke ukuthi umtholampilo uzobaqeda (Hayward 2013).

I-Heuristic ibike: I-EHR ayivumeli umsebenzisi ukuba akhethe imithi ye-elektroniki yemithi lapho ama-pharmacy engakwamukeli khona imiyalelo ye-elektroniki (isib. Izinto ezilawulwayo).

I-Heuristic yaphula: I-EHR ivumela umsebenzisi ukuba akhethe ukuhanjiswa kwe-electronic kwemigomo yezinto ezilawulwayo.

Ukuqashelwa Kunokuba Ukhumbule

"Nciphisa umthamo womemori womsebenzisi ngokwenza izinto, izenzo, nezinketho ezibonakalayo. Umsebenzisi akufanele akhumbule ulwazi kusuka kwesinye ingxenye yenkulumo-nkulumo kuya kwesinye. Imiyalo yokusetshenziswa kwesistimu kufanele ibonakale noma ifinyeleleke kalula uma kunesidingo. "

I-Heuristic yaphawula: I-EHR ibonisa imiphumela yokuhlola eceleni kwewindi ukuze ubhale umlayezo isiguli ngemiphumela yokuhlolwa.

I-Heuristic yaphula: I-EHR ivimbela umsebenzisi ekubukeni imiphumela yokuhlola lapho ehlanganisa imiyalezo isiguli.

7. Ukuziphendulela nokusebenza kahle

"I-Accelerators-engabonakali ngumsebenzisi we-novice-ingavame ukusheshisa ukusebenzisana komsebenzisi ochwepheshe njengendlela uhlelo lingabamba abasebenzisi abangenalwazi nabanolwazi. Vumela abasebenzisi ukuhlela izenzo eziningi. "

I-Heuristic yaqaphela: Umsebenzisi we-EHR angakha futhi enze ngokwezifiso uhlu lwezintandokazi "zezintandokazi" ze-oda ezivamile.

I-Heuristic yaphula: Akukho uhlu lwazintandokazi.

8. Ukuhlelwa kwe-Aesthetic and Minimalist Design

"Izingxoxo akufanele ziqukathe ulwazi olungenalutho noma oludingekile. Yonke ingxenye eyengeziwe yocwaningo kwinkhulumomphendvulwano iphikisana nezinyathelo ezifanele zolwazi futhi iyanciphisa ukubonakala kwabo ngezihlobo. "

I-Heuristic yathi: I-EHR inqanda ikhono lokukopisha-unamathisele amanothi okuqhubekayo.

I-Heuristic yephule: I-EHR ivumela ikhophi yokunamathisela ngokweqile, futhi amanothi okuqhubekayo avuliwe ngolwazi olungapheli, olungaphelelwa yisikhathi .

9. Siza Abasebenzisi Ukuqaphela, Ukuxilonga, nokuPhumela Emaphutheni

"Imilayezo yokuphutha kufanele iboniswe ngolimi olucacile (akukho amakhodi), ubonise ngokuqondile inkinga, futhi iphakamise ngokucacile isixazululo."

I-Heuristic yaphawula: Uma udokotela engena ulwazi ngesakhiwo esingalungile, ukuxwayisa kwe-EHR kubonisa ukuthi iyiphi ifomethi okufanele isetshenziswe.

I-Heuristic yaphula: I-EHR ibonisa umlayezo wephutha ojwayelekile ngaphandle kokutshela umtholampilo ukuthi uyilungisa kanjani iphutha.

10. Usizo kanye Nemibhalo

"Noma kungcono uma uhlelo lungasetshenziswa ngaphandle kwemibhalo, kungadingeka ukunikeza usizo kanye namaphepha. Noma yiluphi ulwazi olunjalo kufanele lube lula ukucinga, lugxile emsebenzini womsebenzisi, uhlele izinyathelo zokukhonkolo okufanele zenziwe, futhi ungabi mkhulu kakhulu. "

I-Heuristic ibike: I-EHR ibonisa amathiphu aqondene nomsebenzi lapho umsebenzisi ehambela phezu kwezithonjana.

I-Heuristic yaphula: Imibhalo ayinakwenzeka ukufinyelela endaweni yokusebenza esebenzayo ku-EHR.

_Imithombo

_{U-Armijo D, uMcDonnell C, Werner K. I-Electronic Health Record Recordability: Ukuhlola nokusebenzisa Uhlaka Lwezinqumo. Ukushicilelwa kwe-AHRQ No. 09 (10) -0091-1-EF. I-Rockville, MD: I-Agency for Researchcare and Quality Quality. Okthoba 2009.}

_{Hayward J et al. 'Kakhulu kakhulu, sekwephuzile': izindlela ezixubekile zokutadisha ividiyo kokurekhoda kwezinhlelo zekhompyutha zokusekela izinqumo kanye ne-GP enquma. J Am Med Yazisa ngo-Assoc 2013; 0: 1-9. i-doi: 10.1136 / amiajnl-2012-001484.}

_{I-Nielsen J. 10 Usability Heuristics ye-Design Interface Design Design.}