Ungawuthola kanjani umhlinzeki womnkantsha wamathambo noma ushaye umnikelo weseli ? Ukuguqulwa kwamathambo emangcwabeni kanye nokuguqulwa kwamagciwane e-blood stem transplants kuyadingeka ngabantu abaningi abanomdlavuza kanye nezinye izimo zegazi. Kwezinye izimo, amangqamuzana amancane angaqoqwa kusuka egazini noma emlonyeni wegciwane bese efakwa kabusha. Lokhu kwaziwa ngokuthi ukufakelwa kwe-autologous.
Kodwa ngokuvamile lokhu akunakwenzeka futhi iziguli kufanele zifune umnikezeli wokufakelwa kwazo. Lokhu kwaziwa ngokuthi ukufakelwa kwe-allogeneic.
Ubani Ongaba Umnkantsha Wezinsalela noma Umnikezeli WaseStem Stem?
Umnkantso wamathambo noma ama-stem cell for transplant kumele avele kumnikezi omzimba amangqamuzana akhe anamafomu efana ne-HLA njengamamukeli. Lokhu kufana nehlobo lakho legazi, lifa. Uma ingalingani, umamukeli angase athuthukise isifo se-graft-versus-host after after transplant. Funda kabanzi mayelana nezinhlobo ze-HLA nokubaluleka kokufakelwa kabusha:
- Kuyini i-HLA?
- Kungani i-HLA ihambisana nayo edingekayo?
Thola umnikezeli ngaphakathi komndeni wakho
Inhlanganisela ye-HLA yesiguli izuzwe njengefa. Amathuba omdlalo aphezulu kakhulu emndenini. Iwele elifanayo lizoba ne-genetic efanayo yokwenza iziguli njengegulane kanye nomdlalo ophelele. Ngeshwa, akuzona zonke iziguli ezidinga ukufakelwa kwamawele. Abantakwethu - abafowethu nodadewethu abahlanganyela nabazali abafanayo (ngegazi) - banethuba elihle lokufaniswa kweHLA.
Amathuba okuthola umdlalo phakathi kwazo zonke izingane zakini ukwanda ngenani labantwana abakhokho onakho. Amathuba akhuphuka avela ku-25% nezingane zakubo kuya ku-92% nabantwana abangu-10. Abazali bangafanelana nezingane zabo, nezingane kubazali. Abazala bomndeni bangaba nomdlalo nakuba amathuba aphansi.
Ukuthola Abaxhasi Abahlobene
Abantu abangahambisani nesiguli bangase babe ne-HLA efanayo. Amathuba omdlalo aphezulu nabantu ngabanye emphakathini owodwa. Imiphakathi lapho imishado ivame ukungena ngaphakathi kuyo cishe ibe nenani eliphakeme labantu abalingana nabo. Ukuthola umhlinzeki ongathintana naye, kuvame ukudingeka ukucinga ukufaniswa kokubhalisa kwabanikeli bamarrow bone.
Ukubhaliswa kwabanikazi bamaMorrow
Abalobi be-Marrow ababhalisile yizinqolobane ezithengisa imininingwane ye-HLA yamavolontiya azimisele ukunikela ngomnkantsha ngomuntu wokufakelwa. Lezi zinqolobane zingasetshenziselwa imifino yehlanganisela ye-HLA yesiguli. Nakuba amathuba okuthola umdlalo oyedwa ezinkulungwaneni eziningana, amashumi ezinkulungwane zeziguli atholakale abaxhasi abangabambisene abavela kubhalisiwe abakhulu abaxhasi.
Amazwe amaningi nezinhlangano ezizimele zigcina ukubhaliswa kwabanikeli abakhulu bamaMorrow. Lezi zingathintana ngokuqhuba usesho lwe-HLA. Nazi ezinye izixhumanisi, kodwa ungase ufise ukuhlolisisa ngisho nakakhulu ukuthola noma yikuphi ukubhaliswa okusha okungase kuthuthukiswe emhlabeni jikelele:
- EU.SA: Uhlelo lukaMarrow National Donor Program (NMDP)
- I-Canada: I-Canadian Blood Services - OneMatch neHema-Quebec
- I-UK: Registry ye-British Bone Marrow kanye ne-Welsh Bone Marrow Donor Registry
- I-Australia: I-Australian Bone Marrow Donor Registry
- Uhlu olunzulu lokubhalisa kwabakwaMarrow donor emhlabeni wonke lunikezwa lapha kuHeal Emru
Umthombo:
Ukuguqulwa kwama cell Stem okwenza igazi. I-National Cancer Institute, ngo-Agasti 12, 2013.