Naphezu kokuhlaselwa, ukusetshenziswa kwe-inhaler kusabhekwa kubalulekile
I-steroids ithole i-rap embi emaphepheni ngenxa yokuthi ingxenye enkulu ekusetshenzisweni kwayo ngokungemthetho kubadlali bezemidlalo nabadlali bezemidlalo. Ekugcineni, i-steroids imane nje ihlanganiswa ngamakhemikhali, ngokuvamile i-hormonal, ukuthi umzimba wakho uveza ngokwemvelo ukulawula ukukhula nokusiza izitho zakho ukusebenza ngendlela evamile.
I-steroid eminingi namuhla iyenziwa ngabantu futhi inezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko: i-corticosteroids ne-anabolic steroids.
Kulezi zici, i-corticosteroids ivame ukufomula ukuphefumula isifo sofuba kanye nezinye izinhlobo zezifo zokuphefumula.
Ukwehlisa i-steroids kusiza ukukhulula ukuvinjelwa kokuphefumula ngokuhambisa umuthi lapho kudingeka khona kakhulu. Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside, noma kunjalo, kungaholela emiphumeleni eminingi emibi, kusukela ekunciphiseni nasekuhambeni kwesikhathi kuze kube nzima.
Nazi eminye imiphumela emibi kakhulu okufanele uwaqaphele:
I-Hoarseness (iDysphonia)
Abanye abantu abasebenzisa i-steroids engatholakali bayothola umsindo ozwakalayo owaziwa ngokuthi i-dysphonia. Lokhu kuhlobene ngokuqondile nemiphumela yezidakamizwa njengoba bedlula izintambo zezwi futhi kwenzeka ezingaphezu kuka-30 amaphesenti abantu kwi-inhalers ye-steroid. Ngalesi simo, i-dysphonia ayibhekwa njengesimo esibi futhi iyozilungisa ngokujwayelekile emaminithini amahlanu kuya kwangu-20.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-inhalers yesilinganiso semitha (i-MDI) efana ne-Flovent, i- QVAR , ne-Azmacort kungabangela ukuzwakalisa okungavamile okunamandla kunomshini owomile owenziwe njenge-Pulmicort, Asmanex, noma i-Advair.
I-spacer ingasiza futhi kodwa ivumela ukusabalalisa okuningi kwe-inhalant.
I-Thrush (i-Oral Candidiasis)
Abantu abathwala ama-steroid angenayo bayingozi engozini yokutheleleka, umuthi ovame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-candidiasis yomlomo. Izimpawu zingabandakanya ubuhlungu bomlomo, ukulimaza ulimi noma umlomo, nokuthuthukiswa kwamagundane amhlophe emlonyeni.
Kulabo abasebenzisa i-steroid inhalers, okuphakanyisiwe, amapuletiki akhiphekayo azovela ikakhulukazi ophahleni lomlomo noma ngemuva komphimbo (nakuba zingabonakala ngolimi, izinsini, nangaphakathi kwamathunga).
Ukuxubha kungavinjelwa ngokuhlanza umlomo wakho ngomlomo ophuza utshwala ugeze futhi / noma ukuxubha ngokushesha emva kokusetshenziswa. Uma i-thrush ibonakala, ingelashwa nge-antifungal umlenze wokuhlanza (njengokumiswa komlomo we-nystatin) noma ngamathebhulethi we-Diflucan (fluconazole) ngamacala amabi kakhulu.
I-Bone Loss (Osteoporosis)
I-steroids engabhalisiwe iyaziwa ukubeka abadala asebekhulile engozini enkulu yokwelapha i-osteoporosis (ukulahlekelwa okuqhubekayo nokubuthakathaka kwethambo). Ngenkathi i-osteoporosis ibuhlungu nakakhulu uma uthatha i- oral steroids , i-high-dose inhalants ingasiza ekukhuliseni isibindi se-bone.Izinga eliphezulu kakhulu lichazwa ngokuthi lingaphezu kuka-2000 micrograms ngosuku ngosuku lweminyaka eminingana.
Ukudla okune-calcium-rich or supplements (izinsiza ezintathu zobisi ngosuku noma cishe 1500mg calcium) Kunconywa kulabo abasengozini enkulu. Isisindo sokusebenzisa umzimba (njengokuhamba) nokulungiswa kwenzalo ye-steroid kungasiza futhi uma ukulahlekelwa kwethambo kunzima kakhulu.
Izinkinga zembono (i-Cataracts ne-Glaucoma)
I-steroids engenayo ikholelwa ukuthi ibangele ukwanda kwe-cataract kanye ne-glaucoma kubantu abangaphezu kuka-60.
Ngenkathi izimo eziqondile zalazi aziwa (ikakhulukazi ngoba izinkinga ezibukwayo zivame kubantu abadala), siyazi ukuthi i-high-dose inhaled steroids ingakhuphula ukucindezelwa kweso kubantu abantu abane glaucoma ngamaphesenti angaphezu kwangu-40.
Ukuthola okufanayo kuye kwabonakala ekuthuthukiseni i-cataracts, lapho umthamo wokuphila wemizuzu emibili ye-micrograms ye-steroid engaphazamisekile (okuphakamisa umthamo ophezulu, ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside) kwaxhunyaniswe ne-clouding eyengeziwe ye-lens.
Kubantu asebekhulile nge-steroids engatholakali, kuhlolwa ukunconywa kwamehlo wonyaka ngamehlo ochwepheshe noma ophthalmologist ofanelekayo.
Izwi elivela
Nakuba eminye yemiphumela emibi ehambisana ne-steroids engatholakali ingase ibonakale iphathelene, kubalulekile ukukala izinzuzo zokuthuthukisa ukuphefumula ngokuphathelene nemiphumela engenzeka yokusetshenziswa.
Ezimweni eziningi, uma isetshenziswe kahle, i-steroids e-inhaled izobuya kakhulu endleleni yokuthuthukisa impilo kunokuhlala ngaphandle kwayo (ikakhulukazi uma kuqhathaniswa nemiphumela emibi ye- oral and injected steroids ).
Uma uhlangabezana nemiphumela emibi ekukhathazayo ngempela, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nezinye izindlela noma izinguquko ezingasiza. Ungalokothi uguqule imvamisa noma ukusetshenziswa kokwelashwa kwakho ngaphandle kokuthola okokuqala okuvela kumhlinzeki wakho wezempilo.
> Umthombo:
> Pandya, D; Puttanna, A .; kanye noBalagopal, V. "Imiphumela Ehlelekile Ye-Corticosteroids Engasetshenzisiwe: Ngokuningiliziwe." Vula I-Medical Journal Yokuphefumula. 2014; 8; 59-65.
> Walljee, A .; Rogers, M .; Lin, P. et al. "Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhashana kwe-corticosteroids yomlomo kanye nezidakamizwa ezihlobene phakathi kwabantu abadala e-United States: isifundo somphakathi esisekelwe kubantu." BMJ. 2017; 357: j1415.