Eminyakeni yamuva, igama elithi "ukubhema okungahambi kahle" lisetshenziswe ngokuphathelene nezimo zezokwelapha ezivela emdlalweni wesifo somdlavuza. Lokhu kusho ukuthini, futhi yiziphi izingozi?
Incazelo ye-Passive Smoking
Ukubhema okuphambene nokubhema kubhekisela kokungabikho kokubhema komusi kagwayi (futhi ama-cigare, i-hookah, inambuzane, ngisho ne-e-cigarettes) abhema abanye abantu.
Ngamanye amazwi, ukubhema ukubhema kusho ukuphefumula komusi womuntu oyedwa, noma lokho okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi ukubhema kwentuthu kagesi (ETS).
Izinhlobo ze-Secondhand Umsi
- Intukuthelo enkulu (MSM) : Igama elithi umusi ovamile lisho ubusi obukhipha umbhemi.
- Umsila we-Sidestream (i-SSM) : Umusi ogqamile owedlule ubhekisela kumusi okhishwa ekupheleni kukagwayi, ugwayi, ipayipi, i-hookah ipayipi, noma ukujoyina, kanye nama-akhawunti angama-85 amaphesenti angu-85 omshini wokushisa umsila. I-SSM ingaba ingozi enkulu kune-MSM hhayi kuphela yokuthi inezibalo eziningi zokwelapha umdlavuza kanye ne-toxin, kodwa ngoba iqhubeka isikhathi eside-ngokuvamile ihlala njalo ngisho nangemva kokuba ugwayi uceliwe.
Ukuvezwa kokubili kwezinhlobo zomusi womuntu obhekene nomswakama kungathinteka ezinhlobonhlobo ezihlukahlukene ezibandakanya ukushisa nomswakama, ukuvuthwa kwegumbi, imoto noma esinye isikhala, futhi-ke, bangaki ababhemayo abakhona.
Umsila wesithathu
I-Thirdhand utsi , ama-gases, nama-particle asele ngemuva kokuba ugwayi noma uhlobo oluthile lwegwayi luqedwe , lungabuye lugxilwe ngokubhema. Ngenqubo ebizwa ngokuthi "off-gassing," izinto ezibekwa phezu kwendawo ngenxa yokubhema zikhishwa emoyeni njengoba zishisa.
Yize lokhu kungenzeka ukuthi yingxenye encane yomusi wesibhamu ovulekile ngenxa yokubhema, ukubhema komunye umuntu kungabamba inkinga isikhathi eside emva kokubhema kwenzeka.
Izingozi ze-Passive Smoking
Njengoba nje ababhemayo bezitholakala ezigulini ezidumile (izinto ezibangelwa umdlavuza) nezinye izinto ezinobuthi, ababhemayo abadakiwe bayabonakala. Umusi wesibhamu manje uthathwa njengezinga A (elibi kakhulu) le-carcinogen.
Ukucwaninga kwezifo ezihlobene nokubhema okungapheli kuhlanganisa:
- Umdlavuza we-Lung: Yiqiniso, umdlavuza wamaphaphu kuwumphumela wokuqala wokubhema ongapheli abantu abaningi abangacabanga ngakho, kodwa ukukhathazeka akumi lapha. Abangu-7 000 bafa ngenxa yomdlavuza wamaphaphu ngenxa yokungcoliswa kwentuthu kagesi ngonyaka ngamunye futhi ukuhlala nomuntu obhemayo kwandisa ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza wamaphaphu ngamaphesenti angu-20 kuya kwangu-30.
- Amanye amakhemikhali: Amanqamu anjengekhanda nekhanda emdlavuza, umdlavuza wesibeletho, kanye nabanye abaphakanyisiwe ababhemayo nabashunayo abakhuthele.
- Isifo senhliziyo nokushaywa komzimba: Ukubhema kwentuthuko kucatshangelwa ukuthi kubangele ukufa kwabangu-42 000 besifo senhliziyo kubantu abangabhemi e-United States kuphela ngonyaka.
- Isifo se-Lung: Izifo ezinamafuba ezifana nesifo se-asthma nesifo esingenasifo sokuphefumula senyuka phakathi kwabangabhemi ababhekene nentuthu yesibhamu.
- Ukutheleleka kwamangqamuzana: Amacala angama-50 000 kuya ku-300,000 okutheleleka okuphefumula okufana nokuphefumula okwenzeka minyaka yonke e-US ezinganeni ezingaphansi kwezinyanga ezingu-18 ngenxa yentuthu yomsizi. Izingane ezihlala nomuntu obhemayo futhi zithuthukise lezi zifo nazo ziyakudinga ukunakekelwa okujulile nokusekelwa kwe-ventilator.
- I-syndrome yokufa ngokungazelelwe: Izingane ezincane ezibhekene nentuthu yomswakama zinomngcipheko omkhulu we-infant mortality syndrome.
Ukubhema okungahambi kahle (ukubhema komusi womuntu oshushumbisayo) ngenkathi ukhulelwe kwandisa ingozi yokukhulelwa kwesisu, ukubeletha, kanye nezinsana zokubeletha ezincane.
Ukubhema Okungajwayelekile Kungaba Okungeziweko
Njengokuba ukubhema nezinye izinto eziyingozi zingase zengeze, noma zibi kakhulu (ukuhlanganiswa kokubhema kanye ne-asbestos kuyingozi kunokuba kungalindelwe ngokungeza nje izingozi zezempilo zalabo bodwa), ukuhlanganiswa kokubhema okungahambi kahle nezinye izinto eziyingozi kubanda kakhulu ingozi yokugula.
Ukuvimbela Ukubhema Okungahleliwe
Yini ongayenza ukuze ugweme ukubhema okungahambi kahle, ngamanye amazwi, uzivikele ekungcoleni kwentuthu kagesi? Ungavumeli abanye bashunqise ekhaya lakho noma emotweni yakho. Izindawo eziningi zomphakathi e-United States manje ayinaso intuthu, kodwa lokhu akuzona njalo lapho uhamba phesheya. Hlola lawa macebiso ukuthi ungazivikela kanjani ekubhemeni kwentuthu lapho uhamba .
> Imithombo:
> I-American Cancer Society. Umsizi wesibili. Kubuyekezwe ngo-11/13/15.
> National Cancer Institute. Umsizi wesibindi nomdlavuza. Kubuyekezwe 01/02/11.