Ingabe kuphephile ukuthatha imithi yokwelashwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?
Kuyaqondakala ukuthi iningi labesifazane abathandi ukuthatha imithi engadingekile uma bekhulelwe. Akekho umama ozobe efuna ukubeka ingane yakhe engozini enkulu yokuzalwa kwecala okubangelwa imithi. Noma kunjalo, ukwelashwa kungenza owesifazane othile ahlupheke kangangokuthi imithi ingadingeka ukuze izimpawu zokungezwani zingathathi izimpilo zabo.
Ngokwe-Food and Drug Administration (FDA), akukho mithi ethathwa njengokuphephile ngokuphelele ekukhulelweni. Lokhu kungukuthi akekho owesifazane okhulelwe ongathanda ukubhalisela isifundo sokuphepha emithi ngenkathi ekhulelwe.
Ngakho-ke, i-FDA inikeze imikhakha engozini kwimithi esekelwe ekusetshenzisweni kokukhulelwa:
- Isigaba esithi "A" imithi yilapho kunezifundo ezinhle kubesifazane abakhulelwe abonisa ukuphepha kwemithi ebantwaneni ku-trimester yokuqala. Imbalwa imithi elesi sigaba futhi akukho mithi ye-asthma elinganiswa isigaba A.
- Imithi "B" imithi iye yahlolwa ngezilwane ezikhulelwe, ezibonisa ukuthi ziphephile, kodwa akukho zifundo zomuntu ezitholakalayo.
- Imithi "C" imithi ingabangela imiphumela embi ebusweni lapho ifundwa ezilwaneni ezikhulelwe, kodwa izinzuzo zalezi zidakamizwa zingaphezu kwezingozi ezingase zibe khona kubantu.
- Imithi "D" yemikhiqizo ibonisa ingozi ecacile kumntwana, kodwa kungenzeka kube nezimo lapho izinzuzo zidlula khona izingozi kubantu.
- Imithi "X" yemikhiqizo ibonisa ubufakazi obucacile bokukhubazeka kokuzalwa ezilwaneni kanye / noma izifundo zabantu futhi akufanele zisetshenziswe ekukhulelwe.
Ama-antihistamine. Ama- antihistamine amadala, afana ne-chlorpheniramine, yizinxusa ezikhethiwe ukuphatha i-rhinitis ye-allergen ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa futhi kokubili imithi yesigaba B. Ama-antihistamine amasha anjenge- over-the-counter loratadine (i-Claritin, amafomu ajwayelekile) ne-cetirizine (i-Zyrtec, amafomu ajwayelekile ) nawo anemithi yokwelapha isigaba B.
I- antihistamine entsha ye-prescription ekhulelwe isigaba B yi-Xyzal (levocetirizine).
Ama-decongestants . I-Pseudoephedrine (i-Sudafed®, amafomu amaningi ajwayelekile) yi- decongestant yomlomo ekhethiwe yokuphatha imithi yokukhulelwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, nakuba kufanele igwenywe phakathi nonyaka wokuqala wokuqala, njengoba ihlotshaniswa ne-gastroschisis yasana. Le mithi isigaba sesisu sokukhulelwa C.
Imishini yokwelapha emanzini. I-Cromolyn nasal spray (NasalCrom) iyasiza ekwelapheni i- rhinitis ye-allergen uma isetshenziselwa ukuvezwa kwe-allergen futhi ngaphambi kokuqala kwezimpawu. Le mithi ukukhulelwa isigaba B futhi iyatholakala phezu kwekhawunt. Uma le mithi engeyusizo, i- nasal steroid esisodwa, i-budesonide (i-Rhinocort Aqua), ithole isigaba sesigaba sokukhulelwa B (konke okunye kuyisigaba C), ngakho-ke kuyoba yisifo se-steroid esiswini ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Immunotherapy. Ukukhishwa kwesifo sofuzo kungaqhutshwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kodwa akukhuthazwa ukuba uqale le mithi ngenkathi ukhulelwe. Ngokujwayelekile umthamo we-shorteristic shots awunyukile , futhi abaningi be-allerergists bayonquma umthamo wokunciphisa umzimba okudubule ngo-50% ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ezinye izazi ze-allergists zizwa ukuthi ukudubula kokungalingani kufanele kumiswe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kunikezwe ingozi ye- anaphylaxis futhi ingozi engase ibe khona emntwaneni ngenxa yalokho.
Ngaphandle kwe-anaphylaxis, akukho datha ebonisa ukuthi ukungezwani komzimba ukudubula ngokwabo kuyingozi empeleni.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuxilongwa nokwelashwa kwemithi yokukhulelwa ekukhulelweni , kuhlanganise nezimo ezilinganisa imithi yokukhulelwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Imithombo:
> Allergen Immunotherapy Practice Parameters. Ann Ukuzivocavoca Isifo Somoya Immunol. 2003; 90: S1-40.
> Dykewicz MS, Fineman S, abahleli. Ukuxilongwa Nokuphathwa Kwe-Rhinitis: Imihlahlandlela Ephelele Yomsebenzi Ohlangene Ngama-Practice Parameters Inergy, Asthma and Immunology.