Ukuphuza Ukuphuza Ngenkathi Ukugubha Ngaphezulu Kungaba Isignali Esiyisixwayiso Esiyinhloko
I-Bendopnea, yokuqala echazwe emuva ngo-2014, iwukuphefumula lapho iguqa. Manje seyabonakala njengesimpawu sokuhluleka kwenhliziyo .
Ukuphefumula, noma i- dyspnea , yisifo esaziwayo kubantu abanesifo senhliziyo. I-Dyspnea ingathatha izinhlobo eziningi. I-Dyspnea ngokuzikhandla yindlela ejwayelekile kunazo zonke kanye ne-dyspnea eyenzeka lapho ilele (i- orthopnea ) enye isifo esivamile.
Ngenxa ye-orthopnea yabo, abantu abanesifo senhliziyo ngokuvamile badinga ukusebenzisa imithwalo eminingana ukuze balale kahle noma bangase balale nokuhlala phezulu. I-Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (i-PND) iyindlela ephawulekayo ye-dyspnea engavusa umuntu ngokuhluleka kwenhliziyo ngaphandle kokulala okujulile.
I-Dyspnea ekusetshenzisweni, i-orthopnea, ne-PND ngayinye ibhekwa njengezimpawu zakudala zokuhluleka kwenhliziyo. Ngayinye yalezi zibonakaliso ze-dyspnea ezibangelwa ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo ziye zaqaphela kahle izizukulwane eziningi zodokotela.
Kuthola ifomu "elisha" le-Dyspnea
Ngo-2014, abacwaningi abavela eNyuvesi yaseTexas bachaza olunye uhlobo lwama-dyspnea abonakala kubantu abanokuhluleka kwenhliziyo-ukuphefumula okwenzekayo ngenkathi beguqa. Ukuchaza lesi sibonakaliso esisha, bahlanganisa igama elithi bendopne- "pnea" kusukela ku-Greek pnoia yokuphefumula kanye ne "bendo" evela kwi-Texan yokugoba.
Abacwaningi baphawula ukuthi ezinye zeziguli zazo ezinokuhluleka kwenhliziyo zikhononda nge-dyspnea lapho ziguqa, ngakho zenza ucwaningo kokubili ukuhlola imvamisa yalesi sibonakaliso nokunquma ukubaluleka kwayo kwezokwelapha.
Bafunda iziguli ezingu-102 ezinesifo senhliziyo ngenxa yokwehla kwesifo senhliziyo . Umuntu ngamunye wabuzwa ukuba ahlale esihlalweni futhi aguqe ngaphezu kwemizuzwana engu-30, njengokungathi ayehlanganisa isihlangu. Iziguli ezingamashumi amabili nesishiyagalolunye (amaphesenti angu-28) zathola i-bendopnea.
Izimpawu eziningi "zakudala" zokuhluleka kwenhliziyo (njenge-dyspnea ekusebenziseni kanye ne-orthopnea) zazivame kakhulu kunabantu ababenesifo se-bendopnea ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwesivivinyo sama-30.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-bendopnea yayivame ukuhlangenwe nakho yilabo ababenokubheka okwanele kokugcina amanzi kanye ne-edema (ukuvuvukala emilenzeni).
Abacwaningi baphinde baphazamise inhliziyo yabo bonke abagulayo abangu-102 esifundweni. Bathole ukuthi abantu abangu-29 abane-bendopnea, ngokwesilinganiso, babe nezinhlobo eziphambili kakhulu zokuhluleka kwenhliziyo kunelabo abangenawo i-bendopnea-ngokuqondile, izingcindezi ngaphakathi kwezinhliziyo zabo zaphakanyiswa kakhulu. Zonke lezi zithole zibonise ukuthi uphawu lwe-bendopnea lubonakala luhlotshaniswa nokuhluleka kwenhliziyo okuphambili noma okulawulwa kahle.
Izimbangela ze-Bendopnea
Abantu abanokuhluleka kwenhliziyo ngokuvamile banokucindezeleka kwenhliziyo ephakeme. Lokhu kucindezela kwenhliziyo kuholela ekutheni kube ne-backup yegazi ebuyela enhliziyweni emaphashini, okungaholela ekuminyameni kwamapayipi, ngakho-ke ku-dyspnea.
Noma yini ebangela ukwanda okuqhubekayo ezinkingeni zenhliziyo kungenza le nkinga ibe nzima nakakhulu. Ukuzikhandla ngokomzimba lokhu, futhi i-dyspnea ekuzikhandla kuyisifo esivamile kubantu abanesifo senhliziyo. Ukukhohlisa izimbangela eziphambene nomzimba ezikhuphuka emzimbeni ukuze ziphinde zisetshenziswe esifubeni, okukhuphula nokucindezeleka kwenhliziyo, okuholela e-orthopnea.
Ngokwezinga elincane, ukugoqa phezu okhalweni kukhulisa nokucindezela ngaphakathi kwesifuba (futhi kanjalo, ngaphakathi kwenhliziyo).
Kubantu abahlukumezekile ngenhliziyo yabo, ukunyuka okuncane komfutho wezinhliziyo okubangelwa ukuguqa phezu kwabo kungabathinta phezulu bese bekhiqiza i-dyspnea.
Izwi elivela
Nakuba lokhu kwakuyinkimbinkimbi encane, kubonisa ngokucacile ukuthi ukubonakala kwe-bendopnea kumuntu onokwehluleka kwenhliziyo kungathathwa njengesibonakaliso sokuthi isimo sabo siyanda. Ukuhlolwa kwe-bendopnea kuyashesha futhi kulula ukwenza (okungukuthi, hlala phansi futhi ugobe ngaphezu kwamasekhondi angu-30) futhi odokotela abaningi bangase baqede ukulifaka ekuhloleni kwabo ngeziguli ezinesifo senhliziyo.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uphawu lwe-bendopnea lungase lube usizo ekuhloleni ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo engaziwayo engaziwa kusukela lesi sibonakaliso asizange sifunde njengethuluzi lokuhlola.
Kodwa-ke, njengoba i-bendopnea ibonakala ihambisana nokuhluleka kwenhliziyo, kubonakala sengathi ezimweni eziningi ukuxilongwa kwe-heart failure kungabonakala kwezinye izimpawu nezimpawu ngaphambi kokuba i-bendopnea ibonakale.
Okokugcina, kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuthi umuzwa wokuphefumula ngenkathi uguqa kungabangelwa izimo eziningi ngaphandle kokuhluleka kwenhliziyo, kufaka phakathi ukuphazamiseka kwamaphaphu ahlukahlukene noma ukumane ukhuluphele ngokweqile. Ngakho-ke, uma ubona uphawu lwe-bendopnea, akusho ukuthi unesifo senhliziyo. Kodwa, kusho ukuthi kufanele uhlole nodokotela wakho ngalesi siqinisekiso.
> Umthombo:
> Thibodeau JT, Turer AT, Gualano SK, et al. Ukufaniswa kweSikhumbuzo Sobuningi Sokwehluleka Kwenhliziyo Ephakeme: I-Bendopnea. I-JACC Heart Fail 2014; 2: 24-31.