I-Down Syndrome ne-Hypothyroidism

Izimpawu, Ukuhlolwa Nokuphathwa Kwe-Hypothyroidism ku-Down Syndrome

I-Down Syndrome ne-Hypothyroidism

Abantu abane- Down syndrome basengozini enkulu yokuthuthukisa i-hypothyroidism. I-Hypothyroidism yinkinga evamile evamile engathinta abantu bazo zonke ubudala, futhi kwenzeka cishe kubantu abangu-1 kwabangu-4 000. Isimo siphezulu kubantu abane-Down syndrome. Noma yikuphi abantu abasuka ku-13 kuya ku-55% wabantu abane-Down syndrome bazokwakha i-hypothyroidism ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Akucaci ukuthi kungani abantu abane-Down syndrome benethuba elikhulayo kangaka lokuthuthukisa i-hypothyroidism. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ukuphathwa kalula ngemithi.

Ukuze uqonde i-hypothyroidism, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi yiyiphi i-thyroid kanye nomsebenzi ngokuvamile owenza emzimbeni.

Iyini i-Thyroid?

I-thyroid yakho i-gland encane efana ne-butterfly ehlezi entanyeni yakho, phambi kwe-apula ka-Adam. I-thyroid iyingxenye ye-endocrine noma isimiso se-hormone. Ngenkathi sivame ukuhlanganisa ama-hormone nabantu abasha kanye nocansi, empeleni badlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni imisebenzi eminingi yomzimba kufaka phakathi ama-metabolism namazinga wamandla.

Kuyini i-Hypothyroidism?

I-Hypothyroidism yisimo esibangelwa ukuba ne-hormone encane kakhulu ye-thyroid (thyroxine) egazini legazi. Uma othile ethola ukuthi unesifo se-hypothyroidism, kuthiwa igciwane le-thyroid "lingasebenzi" - alikhiqizi i-hormone ye-thyroid eyanele.

Izimpawu ze-hypothyroidism zifana nezici nezimpawu ze-Down syndrome , futhi kungaba nzima ukutshela umehluko phakathi kwezifo ezimbili. Izimpawu ze-hypothyroidism zihlanganisa ukwehla kwesilinganiso sokukhula, ukuqotshwa, ukuphelelwa amandla noma ukukhathala, ukunciphisa ithoni ye-muscle nesikhumba esomile nezinwele - zonke izinto ezingenzeka kubantu ababhekene ne-Down syndrome.

Iyini iHormone ye-Thyroid?

I-hormone ye-thyroid, ebizwa ngokuthi i-thyroxine, ikhona emzimbeni ngamafomu amabili ahlukene okuthiwa i-T3 no-T4. I-T4 ifomu elivame kakhulu egazini, futhi liguqulelwa ku-T3 uma isebenza emzimbeni. Inani le-T4 elikhiqizwa yi-thyroid libizwa ngokuthi i-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). I-TSH igqugquzela i-thyroid ukuthi ikhiqize i-T4, ebizwa ngokuthi i-T3 emzimbeni. Uma i-thyroid ingasebenzi kancane, iqala ukukhiqiza u-T4 omncane kunokuba umzimba udinga. Emzamweni wokulungisa le nkinga, umzimba uqala ukukhiqiza i-TSH eyengeziwe, ukuzama ukuvuselela i-thyroid engasebenzi ukukhiqiza ama-hormone amaningi. Ngakho-ke ukuyihlanganisa, uma i-thyroid ingasebenzi, kunezinga elinciphile le-T4 ne-T3 egazini lakho, nezinga elengeziwe le-TSH.

I-Hypothyroidism ixilongwa kanjani kubantu abane-Down Syndrome?

Ngenxa yokuthi abantu abane-Down syndrome banethuba elikhulayo lokuthuthukisa i-hypothyroidism, "bahlolwe" noma bahlolwa ngalesi sifo njalo, ngokuhlolwa kwegazi, esikhathini sokuphila kwabo.

Izinsana eziningi kuleli lizwe, ezingenawo ngaphandle kwe-Down syndrome, zihlolwe ukuzalwa kwe-hypothyroidism ngesikhathi sokuzalwa ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lwazo lokuhlola izingane ezisanda kuzalwa.

Uma ukuhlolwa kwesikrini esanda kuzalwa kuyinto enhle, noma uma udokotela wakho ebona ezinye izimpawu ze-hypothyroidism enganeni yakho engashadile angase alandele ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuqhubekayo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lokhu kutholakala.

Njengoba ingane yakho ikhula, uzoqhubeka nokuhlolwa kwe-hypothyroidism. Kunconywa ukuthi zonke izinsana ezine-Down syndrome zihlolwe i-hypothyroidism ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okulinganisa amazinga e-hormone e-thyroid ezinyangeni eziyisithupha, unyaka nonyaka emva kwalokho ukuze kube nokuphila.

I-Hypothyroidism iphathwa kanjani?

I-Hypothyroidism iphathwa ngokufaka esikhundleni sokulahlekelwa kwe-hormone ye-thyroid ngokwemvelo ngokufakelwa kwesakhi okuthiwa i-levothyroxine (igama lomkhiqizo iSythroid).

I-Levothyroxine iphilisi ethathwa nsuku zonke futhi kumele ithathwe impilo yonke yomuntu. Izinsana ezine-hypothyroidism zingaphathwa nge-liquid version ye-levothyroxine baze bakwazi ukugwinya iphilisi. Lapho umuntu eqale ukwelashwa, udokotela wabo uzoqhubeka nokuqapha amazinga abo ama-hormone nezimpawu zabo, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi bathola inani elifanele levothyroxine.

Ngaphansi

I-Hypothyroidism yinkinga ephathwa kahle kakhulu eyenzeka kaningi kubantu abane-Down syndrome. Ngenxa yokuthi izimpawu ze-hypothyroidism ziyinkimbinkimbi futhi zihambisana ne-Down syndrome, bonke abantu abanesifo se-Down syndrome kufanele babe nomsebenzi wegazi wonyaka ukuze bahlole ukuthi baye bahlakulela le disorder.

_SOURCES:

_{Izitatimende Zenqubomgomo Zama-American Academy of Pediatrics. Ukuqapha impilo kwezingane ezine-Down Syndrome. Izingane zokwelashwa 2001 107: 442-449.}

_{Cohen, W., et al. (1996). I-Down Syndrome Uhlolo lokuhlola lwezokwelapha lokuvimbela. Umbiko weqembu le-Down Syndrome Medical Interest Group. I-Down Syndrome ngekota. Umqulu 1 (2).}

_{Selikowitz, uMark. Down Syndrome. I-New York: I-Oxford University Press. 2008. (I-3rd Edition)}