Amalebhu avamile nalokho okushoyo
Ngaphambi kokuba utholakale ukuthi unesifo se- myeloproliferative ungase udingeke udinga umsebenzi wegazi, mhlawumbe kanye ngonyaka ngokuhlolwa kwakho kwonyaka. Manje ungase uzibuze-yini konke lokhu kusebenza kwegazi? Yini udokotela wami efuna? Wonke umsebenzi wegazi okungenzeka ukuthi ulayishwe ungaphezu kwalokho esingakubuyekeza lapha, kodwa ake sibheke okuvamile.
Qedela i-Blood Count (CBC)
I- CBC ingenye yohlobo oluvame kakhulu lomsebenzi welebhu osetshenziselwa ukuqapha ukuphazamiseka kwegazi.
I-CBC ibuyekeza amangqamuzana egazi lakho: amaseli egazi amhlophe, amangqamuzana egazi abomvu, namaplatelet. Lokhu kuvivinywa kuvame ukuba yinkomba yokuqala yalokho okubangela izimpawu zakho, yingxenye yomsebenzi wokuxilonga, futhi ungadonsela njalo ngesikhathi ukwelashwa.
Amaseli amhlophe egazi (WBC) ayingxenye yesistimu yakho yomzimba futhi usize ukulwa nezifo. Kunezinhlobo ezingu-5 zama- WBCs : i-neutrophils, i-lymphocytes, i-monocytes, ama-eosinophil, nama-basophil. Inombolo ye-WBCs egazini lakho ngokuvamile iyinombolo yokuqala ebikwe kwi-CBC. Ingxenye ye-CBC, ebizwa ngokuthi umahluko noma ihlukile, ibheka ukuthi yiziphi amaphesenti ohlobo ngalunye lwe-WBC ekhona.
Ku-polycythemia vera ( PV ) noma i-thrombocythemia ebalulekile ( ET ), inani lakho le-WBC lingase liphakanyiswe kancane (i-leukocytosis). Ku-myelofibrosis eyinhloko ( PMF ), abanye abantu abanokuphakama kwe-WBC, abanye bajwayelekile, kanti abanye bazoba ne-WBC count ephansi (i-leukopenia).
Amaseli aphuzi egazi (RBC) athatha i-oksijini emaphashini aye ezithombeni.
Kunezindlela eziningana zokubheka amaseli obomvu e-CBC. Okokuqala, inani le- RBC yinombolo yamaseli obomvu egazi. I-Hemoglobin yiprotheni etholakala ku-RBC ethwala umoya-mpilo. I-Hematocrit imelela ukuthi yingakanani igazi elenziwe ngama-RBC (uma kuqhathaniswa neWBC namaplatelet).
Ezimweni ezibangela izinyuka ezikhudlwana ze-RBC, njenge-polycythemia vera, i-hemoglobin ne-hematocrit ziphakanyisiwe. I-hematocrit ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuqapha ukuphumelela kokwelashwa ku-PV. Imithi kanye ne- phlebotomy (ukususwa ngokomzimba kwegazi) kulungiswa ngokususelwa ohlwini olufunwayo lwe-hematocrit (ngokuvamile ngaphansi kwamaphesenti angu-45 kumadoda angaphansi kwamaphesenti angu-42 kwabesifazane).
Ku-PMF, izinga lakho le-hemoglobin liyingxenye yefomula elisetshenziselwa ukucacisa amaphuzu wakho wokubikezela. Lokhu kungashintsha esikhathini sokugula kwakho. I-hemoglobin engaphansi kuka-10 amagremu ku-deciliter ngayinye (g / dL) ekuqaleni, ibalwa njengamaphuzu amabili kumaphuzu okubikezela (amaphuzu angaphezulu afana nesifo esiphezulu). Kungasetshenziselwa ukucacisa uma udinga ukumpontshelwa ngegazi.
Ukumpontshelwa ngegazi ngokuvamile kunikezwa lapho i-hemoglobin yehla ngezansi amagremu ayisishiyagalombili noma i-deciliter ngayinye noma uma unesifo (ukukhathala, isizungu, isilinganiso senhliziyo esiphakeme). Ukufuna ukumpontshelwa kwengeza iphuzu elengeziwe kumaphuzu okubikezela.
Inani le-platelet lifakiwe ku-CBC. Njengoba kufana ne-hematocrit ku-PV, kubantu abane-ET abadinga ukwelashwa, isibalo seplatelet sisetshenziselwa ukulungisa ukwelashwa ngokususelwa kubalo beplatelet oyifunayo. Ku-PMF, isibalo seplatelet singaphansi kwamangqamuzana angu-100,000 nge-microliter ngayinye sinezela iphuzu elilodwa kumaphuzu wakho wokubikezela.
I-Blood Smear
I-ET ne-PV ingashintsha ku-myelofibrosis ne-leukemia, izimpawu zokuqala zalolu shintsho zingabonakala ku-CBC, ikakhulukazi ukwehla okukhulu kwe-hemoglobin kanye nesamba seplatelet. Iseli legazi elibomvu ne-platelet libunjwa ngendlela engavamile ku-myelofibrosis engabonakala kwi-blood smear (i-microroscope slide yamaseli egazi).
I-von Willebrand Panel
Abantu abane-ET basengozini yokuthuthukisa isifo se-von Willebrand esitholakalayo, isifo sokuphuma kwegazi. Lesi sengozi sikhuphuka njengoba inani leplatelet likhuphuka (ngaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-platelet nge microliter ngayinye). Uma une-ET negazi, iphaneli ye-von Willebrand ingathunyelwa ukuze inqume ukuthi lokhu kuyimbangela.
Ukwelashwa kunciphisa inani leplatelet.
Uma uthola umsebenzi wegazi njalo, kungadabukisa futhi kunzima ukubona isizathu. Xoxani ngalokhu okukhathazayo nodokotela wakho ukuze nonke nipheke ekhasini elifanayo.
> Umthombo:
> I-Teferri A. Ukuguqulwa nokuPhathwa kwe-Essential Thrombocythemia, ukuchazwa kwe-Primary Myelofibrosis kanye nokuPhathwa kweMyelofibrosis eyinhloko, kanye nokuHlelwa nokuPhathwa kwePolycythemia Vera. Ku: Phezulu, I-post TW (Ed), UpToDate, Waltham, MA. 2016.