Mhlawumbe uhlangane nomuntu othi ugofu ngokomthetho noma okungenani uzwile noma ufunde leli gama endaweni ethile. Yize kungase kubonakale kuyinto engavamile ukubiza isimo sempilo "ngokomthetho," impumputhe ngokomthetho ngempela ibhekisela enkampanini yobumpumputhe ebonwa yi-ejensi kahulumeni kanye nabashuwalense bezempilo ukuze banqume ukuthi umuntu uyakwazi yini ukuthola izinzuzo ezithile.
Iminyango Yezimoto, ezidinga indlela yokulinganisa indlela abaqhubi abazokwazi ngayo ukubona ukuze kugcinwe imigwaqo nemigwaqo ephephile, besebenzisa le ncazelo.
Ngokusho kwamaCentral for Disease Control and Prevention, abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-3.3 abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-40 baphuphuthekile ngokomthetho noma banombono ophansi. Izimbangela eziyinhloko ezibangela ukuphuphutheka zihlobene nobudala futhi zihlanganisa ukubola kwe-macular, i-cataracts, i-glaucoma, ne-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela.
Ngokungafani nalabo abayizimpumputhe ngokuphelele, okusho ukuthi abakwazi ukubona noma yini ngaphandle kweso, abantu abaningi abangaboni kahle ngokomthetho banombono othile, ngokusho kwe-American Foundation for the Blind.
Incazelo Eyisisekelo
Ukuze ucatshangelwe ukuthi uyimpumputhe, kuzodingeka uhlangabezane nenye yalezi zici ezimbili:
- Ubuciko bakho obubukwayo buyi-20/20 noma bubi nakakhulu emehlweni ongabona okwakungcono kakhulu. Ubuningi obubonakalayo bubhekisela kumuntu osondele kangakanani ukuba abe yinto engama-20 ambalwa ukuze uyibone ngokuningiliziwe. Umbono ovamile ulinganiswa ngo-20/20. Uma ubuke ubunzima bokubukwa kwe-20/80, kusho ukuthi uzokwazi ukubona imininingwane kusuka kumamitha angu-20 ukusuka kufana nomuntu oneminyaka engu-20/20, noma evamile, umbono ongabuka kusuka kumamitha angu-80 kude. Umuntu obumpumputhe ngokomthetho onombono we-20/200 kuzodingeka abe ngamamitha angu-20 kusuka entweni ukuze awubone kanye nomuntu onombono we-20/20 ongakubona kusuka ngamamitha angu-200 kude. Enye indlela yokuyibheka: Uma umuntu onombono we-20/20 wayemi eduze komuntu ophuthelwe ngokomthetho, ukuze umuntu obumpumputhe ngokomthetho abone into ehamba ngamamitha angu-200 kanye nomuntu onombono ovamile uzoba kufanele sondele eduze kwamamitha angu-20 kuso.
- Insimu yakho ebonakalayo ayikho ama-degree angaphezu kuka-20. Uma umuntu enomkhakha obonakalayo wama-degree angama-20 kuphela, angabona izinto ezilungile phambi kwakhe ngaphandle kokuthutha amehlo akhe ngakuhlangothini kodwa angaboni lutho nganoma yiluphi uhlangothi. Ngokuphambene, insimu ebonakalayo ye-degrees 180 ibhekwa njengokujwayelekile. Insimu ebonwayo ebonakalayo ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi umhubhe umbono . Kwenza kube nzima ukushayela ngokuphepha.
Ukungaboni kahle ngokomthetho kuncike ekutheni ukubuka okungakanani kungalungiswa . Uma izibuko noma amalensi oxhumana nawo angathuthukisa umbono wakho ku-20/20 noma ngaphezulu, uvumelana nencazelo yezimpumputhe ngokomthetho.
Ukuphila Ngempumputhe
Ukulahlekelwa ikhono lokubona kungesabeka, kodwa akudingeki ukukhawulela ikhono lakho lokuphila impilo yakho. Kunezinsiza eziningi nemikhiqizo yabantu abayimpumputhe ngokomthetho-kusuka ezinkolweni kanye nezibalo zokukhuluma ezikhathini zokuphelisa kanye nesofthiwe ekhethekile yekhompyutha.
Ngisho i-Amazon ithengisa izinto ezenzelwe izimpumputhe zomthetho. Ngokuqinisekile ukulahlekelwa umbono wakho kuzothatha okuningi ukuzijwayeza, kodwa akufanele kukuvimbele ukwenza cishe konke okwenzile uma ubona.
Umthombo:
I-American Foundation ye-Blind, http://www.afb.org/info/blindness-statistics/key-finitions-of-statistical-terms/25, 2008
Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo. "Umbono Wokuqala Wezempilo (VHI): Ukukhathazeka Kwamehlo Okuvamile." Septemba 29, 2015.