Izimpawu Zokudla Kwezinyosi Ezinganeni

by UVincent Iannelli, MD, udokotela oqinisekiswe yibhodi

I-Fever ne-Cramps Ziyi-Signtale Signs

Uketshezi kokudla kujwayelekile kakhulu kubantwana nakubantu abadala, kodwa abazali abaningi banenkinga yokuqonda lapho izingane zidle ukudla okungcolile noma zinezibonakaliso zegciwane lesisu. Njengoba kunikezwa ukuthi ochwepheshe balinganisela ukuthi cishe amacala ayizigidi ezingu-76 zokudla okunobuthi okwenzeka minyaka yonke e-United States, ngokuqinisekile kubasiza abazali ukuba bazi izimpawu zokugula ezinganeni.

Izimpawu Zokudla Ngezifo

Izimpawu ezivamile zokudla ubuthi zihlanganisa:

isifo sohudo
isiyaluyalu
ukuhlanza
izikhonda zesisu
umkhuhlane

Yiqiniso, ezinye izinto ngaphandle kokudla ubuthi kungabangela lezi zimpawu, okwenza kube nzima ukuthola ukutholakala nobuthi bokudla. Isibonelo, izingane zingahlakulela isifo sohudo nokuhlanza ngokutheleleka ngegciwane , njenge- rotavirus , noma ngemuva kokuthola ukutheleleka kwe- Salmonella ekudleni nge-tortle.

Kumele usolise uketshezi lokudla uma abanye abantu begula ngesikhatsi esifanayo nangemva kokudla ukudla okufanayo. Njengoba izifo eziningi ezibangelwa yisifo sohudo zisakazeka, nje ngoba wonke umuntu endlini unesifo sohudo nokuhlanza akusho ukuthi bonke bane-poisoning yokudla. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi uma bonke beba nezimpawu ngobusuku obufanayo, bathi, ipikiniki yomndeni.

Izimpawu zokudla ezinobuthi bokudla

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi kunezinhlobo eziningi zamabhaktheriya, amagciwane, kanye ne-toxins engabangela uketshezi kokudla.

Nakuba iningi lidala isifo sohudo nokuhlanza, sinempawu eziphawulekayo ezingakusiza ukuthi ubone ukuthi yini ebangele ukugula kwakho.

I-Staphylococcus aureus yokudla okunobuthi kungenzeka uma ingane yakho idla ukudla okungcolile nge-enterotoxin (ngokuvamile ukudla okushiwo ekamelweni lokushisa isikhathi eside), okudala ngokushesha izimpawu (kungakapheli amahora amabili kuya kwesikhombisa), kufaka phakathi ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo namanzi noma kungabi nomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane ophansi.

Ngenhlanhla, izimpawu ngokuvamile zihamba ngokushesha njengoba zifika, kungakapheli amahora angu-12 kuya kwangu-24.

I-Salmonella

Ukudla kwesifo se- Salmonella kuyaziwa kahle. Izimpawu zokudla kwesifo se-salmonella ngokuvamile ziqala cishe amahora ayisithupha kuya kwangu-72 emva kokuvezwa kwalezi zingqimba futhi zifaka amanzi ehudo, umkhuhlane, ukuchoboza ubuhlungu besisu, ukuhlanza, nokuhlanza. Izimpawu ngokuvamile zigcina izinsuku ezine kuya kweziyisikhombisa futhi ngokuvamile ziyahamba ngaphandle kokwelapha.

E. coli O157

E. coli O157 uhlobo oluthile lwe- E. coli amabhaktheriya angabangela uketshezi kokudla ngezinhlungu ezinzima zesisu, isifo sohudo futhi ngezinye izikhathi umkhuhlane ophansi. Nakuba izingane eziningi ezine- E. coli O157 zilulama ngaphandle kokwelashwa ezinsukwini eziyisihlanu kuya kweziyisikhombisa, ezinye zakha isimo esongela ukuphila esibizwa ngokuthi "hemolytic uremic syndrome" (HUS).

Izingane zingahlakulela ukutheleleka kuka- E. coli O157 ezinsukwini ezilodwa ukuya kwezingu-10 emva kokudla imikhiqizo enyama engcolile ephuzwa, ikakhulukazi ama-hamburgers. Ukuphuza ubisi oluhlaza, amanzi angcolile, kanye nejusi elingasetshenziswanga futhi ukuxhumana nezilwane zasemapulazini kukhona ezinye izinto eziyingozi.

Shigella

I-Shigella ingenye ibhaktheriya engabangela ukuhuda kwesisu, ngaphezu kwezigumbane zesisu nomkhuhlane ophezulu. Izingane zingahlakulela ukutheleleka kwe-shigella (Shigellosis) cishe ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbili noma ezimbili emva kokudla ukudla okungcolisiwe nama-bacteria e-shigella, njenge-salad yamazambane, ubisi, inkukhu nemifino eluhlaza.

Ngokungafani nezinye izimbangela eziningi zokudla okunobuthi, iShigellosis ingelashwa ngama-antibiotics, nakuba iningi lalezi zifo zihamba zodwa ezinsukwini ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisikhombisa.

I-Campylobacter

I-Campylobacter poisoning yokudla ivame ukuhlotshaniswa nokudla inkukhu engadliwayo nokuphuza ubisi oluhlaza, kanti izimpawu zenzeka ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kwezinguhlanu emva kokuvezwa. Izimpawu zingabandakanya uhudo lwamanzi, umkhuhlane, izikhumba zangasese, isicanucanu, ama-muscle aches and headaches. Nakuba izimpawu ngokuvamile zihamba ngezinsuku eziyisikhombisa kuya kwezingu-10 zodwa, ukwelashwa nge-antibiotic erythromycin kunciphisa ukuthi abantu basakazwa isikhathi eside kangakanani.

I-Clostridium Perfringens

I-Clostridium perfringens ubuthi obudlayo yilezi ezinye amagciwane ezikhiqiza i-toxin ekudleni. Izimpawu ziqala amahora ayisishiyagalolunye kuya kwangu-22 emva kokudla ukudla okungcolile, ikakhulukazi inyama kanye ne-gravy ezingakulungiswa noma ezigcinwe kahle futhi zibandakanya isifo sohudo namanzi amathumbu amaningi, angase ahlale cishe amahora angu-24.

I-Clostridium Botulinum

I-Clostridium botulinum yokudla oketshezi noma i-botulism, eveza izinhlamvu kanye ne-toxins engangcolisa imifino nokunye ukudla okugcinwe futhi kukheniwe ekhaya, uju (yingakho izinsana akufanele zidle uju) nokunye ukudla. Ngaphezu kokucabangela, ukuhlanza, kanye nezikhonda zesisu, izingane ezine-botulism zingaba nezimpawu ze-neurological, ezifana nombono ophindwe kabili, inkulumo ephikisiwe, inkinga yokugwinya nokuqina kobuthakathaka.

Izinsana zingase zibe nobuthakathaka, ukuqotshwa nokudla okuncane. Kuzo zombili izingane ezindala nezinsana, ubuthakathaka bemisipha bungathinta ngisho nokukwazi ukuphefumula.

I-hepatitis A

I-Hepatitis A iyimbangela yegciwane lesifo sokudla. Ngokungafani nezinye izimbangela zokudla okunobuthi, yilo kuphela olukhona lokugoma (izingane ziqala ukuqala ezinyangeni eziyi-12 ubudala) ezingakuvimbela. Izingane zingathuthukisa izimpawu ze-Hepatitis A ezinsukwini ezingu-10 kuya kwezingu-50 emva kokudla amanzi angcolile, imifino, i-shellfish kanye nokudla okungcolile ngabasebenzi bokudlela.

Bacillus Cereus

I-Bacillus cereus yokudla ubuthi kuholela ekuhuleni kwamanzi kanye nesisu esiswini emva kwamahora ayisithupha kuya kwangu-15 emva kokudla ukudla okungcolile, kufaka phakathi inyama, inhlanzi, imifino nobisi. Ilayisi elihlambulukile ngokuvamile kubangela ukucwenga nokuhlanza, kodwa hhayi uhudo. Ngolunye uhlobo lwezimpawu, ngokuvamile bahamba ngamahora angaba ngu-24 ngaphandle kokwelashwa.

I-Norwalk Virus

I-Norwalk virus enye igciwane elingabangela uketshezi kokudla futhi kuvame ukuhambisana nemikhumbi ye-cruise . Izingane zingathuthukisa i-Norwalk virus ye-poisoning kokudla ngemva kokuphuza amanzi angcolile noma ukudla ukudla okungcolile, kuhlanganise ne-shellfish, izithako zesaladi, izigqoko eziluhlaza, ama-oyster aluhlaza nokunye okudla okugcobe abasebenzi basezigungwini zokudlela.

Ngaphezu kokubheka izimpawu zakudala zokudla okunobuthi, udokotela wezingane wakho angakwazi ukuthola lezi zinhlobo zokudla okunobuthi nokuhlolwa okuqondile. Zivame ukuhlanganisa amasiko asezingeni eliphezulu kanye nezinye izibalo zesitoreji.

_Imithombo:

_{I-Kliegman: UNelson Bookbook of Pediatrics, 18th ed.}

_{Okude: Izimiso Nezenzo Zezifo Eziphefumulayo Zengane, 3rd ed.}

_{I-US Yokudla Nezidakamizwa Zokulawulwa Kwezidakamizwa Ukudla Okunezinambuzane Zama-Pathogenic kanye Nezidakamizwa Zokwemvelo.}

_I-CDC. _{Uhlu Lonyaka ka-2006 Lwezifo Ezibangelwa Ukudla, United States.}