Umshini we-nyukliya we-Indian Point useBuchanan, eNew York, enyakatho yeN Westchester County, cishe ngamamayela angu-23 enyakatho yeNew York City. Lapho lesi sitshalo sivulwa phakathi nawo-1970, izinga lomdlavuza we -roid emabandleni amane azungezile-amadolobha aseWestchester, Rockland, Orange, nasePutnam-ayengamaphesenti angu-22 ngaphansi kwesilinganiso se-US. Manje, amacala omdlavuza we-thyroid agijimise ukusuka ku-50 ngonyaka ngonyaka angaphezu kuka-400 ngonyaka, ngesilinganiso esingamaphesenti angu-53 ngaphezu kwesilinganiso sikazwelonke.
Esikhathini esifushane kakhulu esacwaningwa-2003 kuya ku-2007-ama-Putnam, Rockland, Orange, naseWestchester County amanani angama-105.5%, amaphesenti angama-74.5, amaphesenti angu-63.5, namaphesenti angu-33.4 ngaphezu kwesilinganiso se-US. I-Putnam, i-Rockland ne-Orange babenomdlavuza wekhanda eliphezulu kakhulu wezo zonke izifunda zase-US ezinabantu abangaphezu kuka-100,000.
Izinga eliphelele lokuxilongwa komdlavuza we-thyroid liye laphindwe kathathu eminyakeni engamashumi amathathu edlule. Okunye kwalokhu kwanda kubangelwa ukutholakala kangcono kwamagciwane amancane wegciwane lesandulela ngculazi, kodwa abanye ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi ukunyuka okunye kubangelwa nokukhula kwesigameko.
Ucwaningo oluhloliswe ngontanga oluqhutshwa yiNkampani Yomshwalense Nempilo Yomphakathi, futhi lanyatheliswa kuyi- Journal of Environmental Protection , lusetshenziswa idatha evela kwiNew York State Registry Registry ukulandelela izinga lomdlavuza e-Putnam, e-Rockland, e-Orange naseWestchester eminyakeni engamashumi amane . Lokhu kutholakala kubonisa ukuthi ukwanda okwenziwe umdlavuza kanye nokukhulisa izinga lomdlavuza we-thyroid kungase kube umphumela wokukhishwa kwamanzi avela eNdiya Point nuclear power plant.
Abacwaningi baqhathanisa amazinga omdlavuza wezinyanga ezinhlanu phakathi kuka-1988 no-2007. Bathole ukwanda okungaqondakali kwezihlobo ezingu-19 eziyinhloko zomdlavuza, okwenyuka okukhulu emdlalweni wegciwane. Ngokusho kwabacwaningi, ukutholakala kombiko kuthiwa "kuyaguquguquka futhi kubaluleke kakhulu" futhi kusikisela ukuthi okunye noma ngaphezulu-ukuvezwa kwe-radiation okuvela e-Indian Point-kubangela ukukhuphuka okungaqondakali kwezinga lomdlavuza esifundeni.
Esinye isifundo sathola izinga eliphezulu lomdlavuza we-thyroid kusukela ngo-2001 kuya ku-2005 endaweni engamakhilomitha angu-90 enyakatho ePennsylvania, enyakatho yeNew Jersey naseNew York. Le ndawo ibuye ibe indawo yezimboni ezingu-13 zamandla enyukliya, kuhlanganise ne-Indian Point, futhi kwakukhona izigameko ezintathu ezithintekayo manje, kuhlanganise ne-Three Mile Island.
Ukuvezwa kwe-radiation, empeleni, yiyona kuphela eyaziwayo engozini yomdlavuza we -roid; ubukhulu bomthamo we-radiation nobudala ekuvezeni kubalulekile. Ngemuva kokuvezwa kwemisebe, ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi kunesikhathi esincane seminyaka emihlanu kuya kweyishumi ngaphambi kokuba umdlavuza wegciwane uvele. Ngokusho kweNational Cancer Institute, ukuhlolwa kwezikhali ezingaphezulu kwezingu-1950 kuNevada kamuva kwabangela umdlavuza we-thyroid ezingaphezu kuka-200 000 kubantu baseMelika. Izingozi ze-nyukliya ezakhiweni zikaChernobyl naseFukushima zalandelwa ukwanda komdlavuza we -roid ekukhusheni kwabantu kwe-radioactive emissions. Imithi yokwelapha ekhanda nasentanyeni ixhunyaniswe nengozi enkulu yomdlavuza wegciwane.
Njengoba kunikezwe lokhu ukuqonda ubuhlobo phakathi kwemisebe nomdlavuza we-thyroid, lo cwaningo lufuna ucwaningo oluthe xaxa emaphethini omdlavuza we-thyroid kanye nobuhlobo kwezitshalo zenuzi, ngomzamo wokuchaza amazinga okukhula.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-Indian Point iyingozi engozini yempilo yabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-2 abahlala engamakhilomitha angu-20 e-Indian Point, futhi abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-17 bahlala endaweni engamakhilomitha angu-50 esitshalo, ngaphezu kwanoma yikuphi esinye isitshalo se-nyukliya sase-US .
Indaba eyodwa eyinkimbinkimbi yabelwa nguJoanne DeVito, owayehlala emakhilomitha angu-9 ukusuka eNdiya Point iminyaka. U-DeVito uyaqiniseka ukuthi i-Indian Point iye yaphazamisa impilo yomndeni wakhe. Indodakazi yakhe endala isanda kutholakala ukuthi unomdlavuza wegciwane, futhi kungakapheli inyanga, amanye amadodakazi akhe amabili omdala nawo ahlolwe. UDeVito utshele i- Highlands Current iphephandaba ngokuthi wabe esebiza udokotela wakhe.
Ngathi, "Ngeke ukholwe lokhu." Wathi, "Kungcono ungene." Ngiphila impilo enempilo kakhulu. Ngingumfundisi we-yoga kanye nomlimi wokulima. Kodwa nakanjani, nginakho. "
Izwi elivela
Ngokusho kwe-American Cancer Society, uma usengozini yomdlavuza wegciwane, kungenzeka kube nezindlela ezithile zokuzivikela wena nomndeni wakho.
Gcina amaphilisi e-iodide e-potassium esandleni, futhi uma kukhona ingozi yenuzi, iziphathimandla zizokufundisa lapho uzithatha. I-iodide ye-Potassium ingavimbela i-thyroid ngokumelene nokuvezwa kwe-radioactive futhi kubaluleke kakhulu kubantwana.
Qinisekisa ukuthi uthola i-iodine eyanele ekudleni nasezingenizeni. Ukuntuleka kwe-iodine kubonakala kukwandisa ingozi yomdlavuza wegciwane uma uthola umsakazo.
> Imithombo:
> Altekruse, S., Das, A., Cho, H., Petkov, V. no Yu, M. (2015) Ingabe Izingozi Zomdlavuza We-Thyroid Ziyanda Ngokwenhlalo Yezenhlalakahle phakathi kwabantu abanomshwalense wezempilo? Isifundo sokuqaphela ngokusebenzisa idatha ye-SEER Population-Based Data. I-BMJ Vula, i-5, i-ID ye-Article: e009846. https://doi.org/10.1089/thy.2013.0257
> Iglesias M, et al. "Ukudonswa kwezidakamizwa nomdlavuza wegciwane: ukubuyekezwa." I-Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2017 Mar-Apr; 61 (2): 180-187. i-doi: 10.1590 / 2359-3997000000257. I-Epub 2017 Feb 16
> Mangano, J. kanye noSherman, J. (2017) Ukukhuphuka Kwemfucuza Yomdlavuza Wegciwane LaseKhrivini eduze NeNew York City-Area Nuclear Power Plant. Journal of Protection Environmental, 8, 1446-1459. https://doi.org/10.4236/jep.2017.812089