Amagundane ethu Optic Awela Ngaphakathi Kwama-Brains Athu
I-optic chiasm iyisakhiwo esenziwe nge-X esakhiwe ukuwela kwezinzwa zomzimba ebuchosheni. I-nertic optic ixhuma ubuchopho emehlweni.
Kuzazi eziphilayo, i-optic chiasm kucatshangwa ukuthi iyindlela yokuguquguquka ekuziphendukeleni kwemvelo. Kucatshangwa ukuthi ukuwela kanye nokudlulela izintambo ze-optic zezinzwa ezihamba nge-optic chiasm ezenzelwe ngendlela eyosiza ekubonweni kwebinocular nokubambisana ngezandla.
I-Anatomy ye-Optic Chiasm
E-optic chiasm, izintambo zezinzwa ezivela engxenyeni ye- retina ngayinye ziwela ngaphesheya kobuchopho. Amafayili avela kwesinye isigamu se-retina aya ehlangothini olufanayo lobuchopho. Ngenxa yalokhu kuhlangana, ingxenye ngayinye yobuchopho ithola izibonakaliso ezibonakalayo ezivela emasimini abukwayo kokubili amehlo.
Izifo ze-Optic Chiasm
Kunezinkinga eziningi kunokuba zingathinta i-optic chiasm. Lokhu kufaka:
- izifo ezivuthayo ezifana ne-multiple sclerosis
- izifo ezifana nesifo sofuba
- ama-tumor (okungewona umdlavuza) nama-cysts
- izicubu zomdlavuza
- isifo se-vascular (blood vessel)
Indlela i-Pituitary Adenoma ithinta ngayo i-Chiasm ye-Optic
Isifo esivamile kakhulu esithinta i-optic chiasm yi-adenoma ye-pituitary. I-adenomas ye-pituitary yizinhlamba ezinobuthi. Ezimweni eziningi, azikho umthelela nhlobo, kodwa kwezinye izimo, zingathinta umbono, ngezinye izikhathi zibangela ukulahleka kombono. Njengoba zikhula ngosayizi, i-pituitary adenomas ingafaka ingcindezi ezakhiweni ezibalulekile emzimbeni, njenge-nertic optic.
Ukubeka ingcindezi ku-nertic optic kungabangela ubumpumputhe, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuba odokotela bezilwane babone izicubu ze-pituitary ngaphambi kokulimaza umbono.
I-pituitary gland isilinganiselwe ubukhulu bebhontshisi futhi ifakwe engxenyeni yobuchopho ngemuva kwendawo yangasese. ihlezi phansi ngaphansi kwe-optic chiasm.
Nakuba encane, i-pituitary ilawula ukufihla kwezinhlobo eziningi ze-hormone. Kuyasiza ukugcina ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa futhi kulawula izigulane eziningi, izitho, namahomoni ahlukahlukene. Izinguquko kuma-hormone zingabangela ushintsho olukhulu emzimbeni wethu.
Ngaphandle kwezinguquko zombono ezifana nombono ophindwe kabili , amajwabu angama-drooping , nokulahlekelwa kwensimu ebonakalayo, i-pituitary adenomas nayo ingabangela izimpawu ezilandelayo:
- Izinhloko zekhanda
- Ukudabuka noma ukuhlanza
- Shintsha ngomqondo wephunga
- Ukukhubazeka ngokocansi
- Ukucindezeleka
- Ukushintsha kwesisindo esingachaziwe
- Shintsha ku-menses noma esikhathini sokuya esikhathini sokuqala
Kungani Izifo Ze-Optic Chiasm Kungaba Kanzima Ukuzibona
Uma isifo noma lesi sifo sithinta i-nertic optic ngaphambi kokuba sifinyelele ebuchosheni obubonakalayo ebuchosheni, ukukhubazeka embonweni kuzobonakala ngeso elilodwa kuphela futhi kungathinta yonke insimu yeso. Abantu abahlukunyezwa ngesinye isikhathi ngezinye izikhathi abakuboni kuze kube yilapho iso elilodwa limboziwe. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi, uma kokubili amehlo evulekile, amasimu ebonakalayo ebonakalayo ehlokweni ngalinye azofihla isici.
Uma lesi sifo sithinta ipheshana le-optic ngemuva kwe-chiasm, lo muntu uzoba nesici embonweni wabo kokubili amehlo, kodwa isici sizoguqula ingxenye efanayo yensimu ebonakalayo.
> Imithombo:
> Kidd, D. I-optic chiasm. I-Handb Clin Neurol. 2011; 102: 185-203.
> O'Connell JEA. I-anatomy ye-optic chiasma ne-hemianopia engaziwa. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, kanye Psychiatry . 1973; 36 (5): 710-723.
> I-Prasad, iSashank. Izinkinga ezibukwayo ngenxa yezicubu ze-pituitary. UBrigham kanye neSibhedlela sabesifazane. Iwebhu. 2016.