Uyabona kabili? Umbono ophindwe kabili ukubonwa ngesikhathi esisodwa kwezithombe ezimbili zento eyodwa. Izithombe zingasuswa ezindaweni ezihamba phambili, ngokuzenzekelayo, ngokuxhumene, noma ngokujikelezayo ngokuphathelene nomunye nomunye.
Yini Umbono Obili?
Umbono ophindwe kabili uvame ukubonakala lapho amehlo ehlelwe kabi, noma angakhulumi entweni efanayo, okwenza sibone izithombe ezimbili ezihlukene.
Zombili izithombe zithunyelwa ebuchosheni esizicubungula njengombono ophindwe kabili. Esikhathini esiningi, amehlo ethu womabili akhombiswa into efanayo. Lokhu kukhiqiza isithombe esicacile, esingafani nesimo esanele nje phakathi kwalezi zithombe ezimbili ukuze usinike umzila ohlukile ohlukile wokubona. Ukuhlukana okucashile kusinika umbono ojulile , ovame ukubizwa ngokuthi umbono we-stereo. Eqinisweni, amehlo aphikisana nesilwane, ukuqonda okujulile kunakho.
Umbono kabili ungabangela izinkinga empilweni, kuhlanganise nobunzima obukhulu ekuqedeni imisebenzi elula. Ngenhlanhla, ubuchopho ngokwemvelo balindi ngokumelene nombono ophindwe kabili ngokucindezela, noma ukungazinaki, omunye wemifanekiso emibili. Sinesisindo esiyinkimbinkimbi semisipha yeso nesisindo esivumelana omunye nomunye ukugcina amehlo womabili ahamba ndawonye.
Izimbangela
Isikhathi sezokwelashwa semibono kabili i-diplopia. I-Diplopia ingaba phakathi noma ihlale ikhona. Ngoba indlela yezinzwa ezintathu eziyinhloko ezilawula imisipha yamehlo isikhathi eside, eyinkimbinkimbi futhi ivela ebuchosheni, umbono ophindwe kabili ungabonakalisa inkinga engathà sina yengqondo.
Iphutha noma yikuphi lapho kuhamba khona lezi zindlela kungabangela umbono ophindwe kabili. Ezinye iziphambeko zibangelwa ukulimala ekhanda, isifo sohlangothi, aneurysm, isisu sobuchopho noma ukuvuvukala kobuchopho. Isifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophezulu kanye nesifo sofuba yizifo ezivamile ezingabangela ukukhubazeka okwesikhashana kwezinzwa ezilawula imisipha yamehlo, engabangela umbono ophindwe kabili.
Esinye imbangela yemibono kabili yinkinga. I-Strabismus yinkinga eyenza amehlo ahlelwe kabi, ngokuvamile abizwa ngokuthi "ukuphenduka kwamehlo." Iningi labantu abane-strabismus bazalwa nalo futhi banaso iso elivame ukungena ngaphakathi noma langaphandle. I-Strabismus ingabangela nokuthi iso elilodwa likhonjiswe noma liphansi. Ezinsaneni eziningi, kunzima ukuthola imbangela yangempela. Ngesinye isikhathi i-strabismus ibangelwa iphutha elikhulu lokuzikhumbuza (izidingo zamagciwane okugada) futhi ngezinye izikhathi izicubu zeso. Iningi lezingane ezincane azihlupheki embonweni kabili nanobe amehlo abo aphikisiwe. Ubuchopho bethu buvame ukusibuyisela emuva futhi kusivimbele ekuboneni kabili ngokucindezela omunye wezithombe nokwenza kube yanyamalala. Ubuchopho bethu bufunda ukunganaki isithombe esingeziwe, esaziwa ngokuthi ukususwa. Izingane zibonakala zivumelanisa ngokushesha futhi ubuchopho babo buyiphatha ngokushesha enye yezithombe. Kodwa-ke, uma isithombe esisodwa sinqanyuliwe, ingane isengozini yokuthuthukisa i-amblyopia, ngokuvamile ebizwa ngokuthi iso elivilaphayo, ngoba iso alisebenzisi kahle. Uma i-strabismus iqala kubantu abadala, umbono ophindwe kabili kungenzeka ukwenzeka. Ubuchopho obudala bunenkinga yokucindezela isithombe esisodwa ekuqaleni ngoba, ingxenye enkulu yokuphila kwabo, bobabili amehlo babesebenza ngokugcwele.
I-Monocular Diplopia
Ngokuyinhloko, kufanele ube namahlo amabili asebenzayo ngokugcwele ukuze ubone umbono ophindwe kabili. Kodwa-ke, kukhona uhlobo olulodwa lombono ophindwe kabili ongase uvele kwelinye iso, okuthiwa i-monocular diplopia. Isizathu esivame kakhulu se-diplopia ye-monocular yi- cataract . I-cataract i-clouding ne-opacification ye-lens evamile, ecacile ngaphakathi kweso lomuntu. Iningi lezinkinga zithuthuka njengoba sikhula. Ezinye izilonda zingabangelwa ukuhlukunyezwa kweso. Ngezinye izikhathi, i-clouding ivela ezinhlangothini ezibukhali kule lensi eyenza ukukhanya kuhlukaniswe kabili uma kungena emehlweni. Abanye abantu bayazi ukuthi njengombono ophindwe kabili.
I-Astigmatism ingabangela nokuba nombono ophindwe kabili kweso. I-Astigmatism , inkinga yombono ovamile ophikisana nombono, ngezinye izikhathi ungaphakamisa noma usule isithombe kakhulu kangangokuthi kubonakala sengathi uphindwe kabili.
Ukwelapha
Ukumboza: Indlela elula kakhulu yokwelashwa kwemibono kabili ukumboza iso elilodwa nge-patch. Lokhu kususa ngokushesha isithombe esisodwa kodwa sinomthelela omubi wokunciphisa umbono wakho wesithunzi noma umbono wokujula.
I-Fresnel "Cindezela" i-Prism: Enye indlela ewusizo yokuphatha umbono ophindwe kabili ukusebenzisa i-Fresnel prism ngaphezulu kwezingilazi zakho. I-Fresnel prism yishidi elincanyana lamaphilisi amancane amaningi ashintshe ukukhanya ngendlela ethile. I-prism ishukumisela isithombe esibhekene nesimo esingalungile esibukweni ukuze amehlo womabili angase afane nesithombe sibe isithombe esisodwa, esicacile. I-Fresnel prism inenzuzo yokuba yesikhashana. I-Fresnel prism ingakwazi ukukhishwa izibuko kalula njengoba i-diplopia ixazulula. I-Fresnel prism iyasiza lapho umbono obangelwa kabili ngenxa yezimo ezifana nesifo sikashukela noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme. Ngokuvamile, umbono ophindwe kabili uhlala ezinyangeni ezingaphansi kwezingu-6-9 bese uhamba uma isimo sesimo esibucayi siphathwa.
I-Prism ye-Ophthalmic: Uma umbono ophindwe kabili unomphela, khona-ke njalo, i-prism ye-ophthalmic ingahle ibe ngaphansi kwesiguli sakho se-eyeglass. Ngezinye izikhathi kwandisa ubukhulu be-lens ngakolunye uhlangothi kodwa kubukeka kangcono kune-cosmetically kune-prisr Fresnel.
Umbono Wokwelashwa: I-Therapy Therapy (VT) ihlanganisa amasu amaningi ahlukene ukulungisa umbono ophindwe kabili kanye ne-strabismus. Ngezinye izikhathi imishini ethile kanye namakhompiyutha wekhompiyutha asetshenziselwa ukunikeza impendulo yokuziphatha yomuntu ukulawula umbono ophindwe kabili. Ngesinye isikhathi, ukuvivinya umzimba kwe-muscle umzimba kwenziwa ukuqinisa imisipha yamehlo.
Ukuhlinzwa: Ukwelashwa kwemibono kabili kuyaphumelela kakhulu ezimweni eziningi. Abahlinzayo bamazinyo abasebenza ngokukhethekile ekuhlinzeni imisipha yezilanga basebenzisa izindlela eziningi ezihilela ukunciphisa noma ukuhambisa imisipha yamehlo. I-sutures eguquguqukayo isetshenziselwa ukuhlehlisa ukulungisa imisipha kweso ngqo emva kokuhlinzwa.
I-Botox: I-toxin ye-Botulinum ijojowe ngqo kwesinye sezinsizwa ezilawula ukunyakaza kwamehlo. Lokhu kuvimbele okwesikhashana umfutho wezinzwa futhi kubangele ukuba imisipha ibe yinkimbinkimbi. Le misipha ikhululeka futhi enye imisipha yamehlo ithatha i-slack ukuze iqondise iso. Imiphumela emibi ehlanganisa ijwabu leso le-droopy noma umbono obunzima kabili.
Izwi elivela
Umbono kabili kuyinkinga enkulu yezempilo. Kodwa "ukuzumayo okungazelelwe" umbono ophindwe kabili kuwukukhathazeka okukhethekile. Lapho i-diplopia ifika ngokuzumayo, inkinga yezinzwa ebuchosheni bakho kufanele ihlale ingabikho ngaphambi kokuphenya izimbangela ezivamile. Uma unombono ophindwe kabili, kufanele uhlolwe yi-optometrist, ophthalmologist , i-neurologist noma abanye ochwepheshe bezokwelapha ngokushesha.
Uma kuhlolwa, udokotela wakho uzokubuza imibuzo elandelayo:
- Ingabe imbono kabili ibonakale ngokuzumayo, noma ikhona lapho isikhathi esithile?
- Ingabe ihlala njalo, noma ingabe ibonakala ifika futhi ihamba?
- Ingabe umbono ophindwe kabili uhamba lapho uvala iso elilodwa?
- Uyabona i-double ngaphandle kwelinye iso noma kokubili amehlo?
Umthombo: I-Neuro-Ophthalmology - I-Textbook of Ophthalmology. AmaSlamovits, uThomas L. noRonald Burd. I-Copyright 1994, i-Mosby-Year Book Europe, Ltd.