Zonke mayelana nezifo zeM MRSA
I-MRSA yisifingqo se- Staphylococcus aureus engamelana ne-methicillin , enomlomo othi ukutheleleka kwe-MRSA yi- Staphylococcus aureus (isifo sofuba "staph") esingavumelani nemithi eminingi yama-antibiotic. Nakhu okuqhubekayo - cishe u-30% wabo bonke abantu bakhonjiwe (esikhumbeni sabo noma ekhaleni labo) nge- Staphylococcus aureus .
I-Colonization isho nje ukuthi ama- staphylococcus aureus bugs akhishwe esikhwameni. Ayikho into enkulu, eziningi zezincane ezincane zilenga ngaphandle kwemizimba yethu, iStaphylococcus aureus ingenye yazo.
Kumele ufunde: Zivikele Ku-MSA Izifo
Izifo Zama-Staphylococcus Aureus , Iminyaka Ago
Kodwa uma le aureus yeStaphylococcus ifika lapho kungadingeki khona (yisho ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho ngokusebenzisa isilonda) futhi isimiso sakho somzimba sokuvikela omzimba asikho enselele, ungaphelela ngokutheleleka "kwe-Staph". Ukutheleleka kwe-Staph "kukhona ukutheleleka okuhlala njalo (okukhona) ezibhedlela . Njengoba abantu abangu-30% bekholoni, kusho ukuthi "Staph" yonke indawo. I "Staph" ngaphandle komzimba wakho ingena ngaphakathi noma umhlengikazi, ngemuva kokuthinta isiguli esisodwa, ukhohlwa ukugeza izandla zakhe futhi ulethe izimbungulu ze Staphylococcus aureus isiguli sakho. Ephasini, yonke i- Staphylococcus aureus ayiyona into enkulu - asinayo amanxeba avulekile futhi amasosha omzimba ethu asebenza kahle. Kodwa esibhedlela, abantu abaningi banesikhumba evulekile (ngenxa yokuhlinza, ama-catheters angenalutho, ukulimala, njll.) Futhi amasosha omzimba akuyona i-100% (ngenxa yokugula), ukuthi izifo zokuthi "Staph" zivamile.Ama-antibiotics asetshenziselwa ukwenza umsebenzi omuhle ukulwa nezifo "Staph", kuze kube yilapho iStaphylococcus aureus iqala ukuzivumelanisa nezifo.
Ezinye ze- staphylococcus aureus , nje ngengozi engahleliwe, ayizange ihlukunyezwe yimithi elwa namagciwane njengabanye. Lezo zinyama zasinda, zanda futhi zadala i- staphylococcus aureus enjengeyabo - imelana nemithi elwa namagciwane. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lezi zimbungulu ezihlakaniphile zaba namandla kakhulu, kangangokuba imithi yethu yama-antibiotics ayisasebenzi. Lezi zimbungulu ezintsha zibizwa ngokuthi "i-Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus " noma i-MRSA. Ngo-1961, ama-bacterium wokuqala e-MRSA abonakala. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi lo mkhuba awuphikisi nje kuphela ukuqubuzana ne-methicillin kepha i-amoxicillin, i-penicillin, i-oxacillin, neminye imithi eminingi yama-antibiotic .
Izifo zeM MRSA Namuhla
Kulinganiselwa ukuthi abantu abangaba ngu-5% base-US bahlanganiswa ne-MRSA (okusho ukuthi i-MRSA isesikhumba sabo noma emakhaleni abo, kodwa "ayifuni" - ayithwala amabhaktheriya azungezile). Abantu abakholisiwe banomngcipheko omkhulu wokuthola ukutheleleka kwe-MRSA - isibonelo, uma umuntu we-MRSA ekoloni asebenza futhi amabhaktheriya e-MRSA esikhumbeni sakhe angena esilonda, kungaba nenkinga enkulu.Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa i-MRSA ikoloni futhi i-MRSA igciwane lesandulela ngculaza i- MRSA ebhakheni esibhedlela. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi amaphesenti angama-75% amagumbi okugulisa afundelwe yi-MRSA ne-VRE.
Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi uma isisebenzi sezempilo singena ekamelweni lesiguli futhi singenalo ukuxhumana ngokomzimba nesiguli, amagilavu akhe ayoqhubeka engcoliswa u-42% wesikhathi, kusukela ekuthinteni izinto ezisegumbini.
Ngo-2005, kwakukhona ukuhlala kwezibhedlela ezingama-368,600 zokutheleleka kwe-MRSA. Lokhu kwakuphindwe kathathu inani lokungenwa kwe-MRSA ngo-2000 futhi izikhathi ezingu-10 inombolo kusukela ngo-1995. Ezingu-60% zazo zonke izifo "ezibizwa ngokuthi iStaph" ezibhedlela manje sezikhulelwe yi-MRSA. Ngokubanzi, i-MRSA ilinganiselwa ukuba ibe yi-8% yazo zonke izifo ezitholakale esibhedlela.
Indlela Ekulu Ngayo Inkinga Yokungenwa Kwe-MRSA?
Mhlawumbe uye wabona ezinye izindaba eziphathelene nenkinga ye-MRSA nokuthi likhulu kangakanani. Angifuni ukusakaza inzwa, kodwa mhlawumbe mkhulu kunokucabanga kwakho. Nazi ezinye izinto eziphathelene ne-MRSA ukukunika umqondo ongcono wezinga le- HIV /Ukususwa kwe-MRSA, US Statistics
- Inombolo MRSA igciwane ngonyaka: 880,000 (izinombolo zango-2007)
- % of iziguli esibhedlela esibhedlela MRSA igciwane ngonyaka: 2.4%
- Izindleko ezengeziwe ngokutheleleka kwe-MRSA: okungenani $ 10,000
- Izindleko eziphelele zokutheleleka kwe-MRSA ngonyaka: azungeze u-$ 8 billion
- Isilinganiso senyuke ubude bokuhlala: izinsuku ezingu-6 ezengeziwe zesibhedlela
- % abantu abanegciwane le-MRSA abafa ngalo: 5%
- Inombolo yokufa kwe-MRSA ngonyaka: 20,000 kuya ku-40,000
Ukutheleleka kwe-MRSA, Emhlabeni wonke
Isimo somhlaba wonke se-MRSA sinzima kakhulu ukuthola isibambo. EYurophu, le nkinga ayibonakali imbi kakhulu njengase-US, ngenxa yalokho umahluko phakathi kokumiswa kwama-antibioitics futhi ingxenye ngenxa yezinyathelo zokulawula ezibekwe endaweni (njengokumangalelwa kwe-MRSA ukuhlolwa kwazo zonke iziguli kwezinye izilungiselelo ). Lokho kusho ukuthi isifo sengculaza sisalokhu kanti futhi njengoba i-MRSA ihamba esuka e-US kuya eYurophu, kulindeleke ukuthi ibone ukuthi amazinga akhuphuka lapho.Lokhu kwenzeka kanjani?
Kunezizathu eziningana esinenkinga ye-MRSA namuhla. Isizathu esiyisisekelo kakhulu ukuthi amabhaktheriya aseStaph asethuthukile ukumelana nemithi ye-methicillin namanye ama-antibiotic. Kungani? Ukuphikisana kwama-antibiotic kuvela ngokucindezela okukhethiwe nokushintshashintsha okungahleliwe. Ngenkathi amabhaktheriya ephindaphinda, ingxenye yalokho okukhiqizwayo (ngengozi) ingaba yintshintsho futhi ikwazi ukusinda ngisho nalapho kukhona khona ama-antibiotics. Labo abasinda bangase bafanele ngokwanele ukuba baqhubeke bezala futhi babangele ukugula. Kukhona nedatha eningi ukuthi ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwama-antibiotic amashumi eminyaka kuye kwabangele inkinga. Ngoba sasebenzisa ngokweqile ama-antibiotic amashumi eminyaka. Isibonelo, ama-antibiotic ngokuvamile avunyelwe ama-virus (njengalapho abantu benomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane), lokhu kubangele amagciwane. Lapho evezwa ngama-antibiotics, amanye ama-bacteria ngokwemvelo "ayamaqhawe" kunabanye. Lawa ma-bacteria aphila (ikakhulukazi uma iziguli zingathathi umthamo wazo ogcwele wama-antibiotic). Basinda, bakhiqiza futhi badale inzalo engavumelani. Qhubeka umjikelezo emashumini ambalwa eminyaka futhi uhlobo olusha lwamabhaktheriya lubonakala ukuthi aluphikisana nemithi elwa namagciwane.Kodwa akusiyo kuphela ukusetshenziswa kabi kwemithi eyinkinga, kuningi lokusebenzisa kabi ama-antibiotic embonini yezilwane. Lawo ma-antibiotic aphelela ekudleni nasekuhlinzekeni kwamanzi, ukuhlinzeka ngomthamo ophansi wama-antibiotic osiza ukudala amabhaktheriya anomelana nawo.
Liyini Ikusasa?
Okufanayo okufanayo, okuningi okuningi. Azikho izibonakaliso ukuthi i-MRSA nezinye izifo zihamba phambili. Uma nje ukutheleleka okulodwa kungaphansi kokulawula, kubonakala sengathi kunezinkampani ezimbili ezizothatha indawo. Ngenkathi i-MRSA isalokhu ikhathazeka kakhulu (engenazo izimpawu zokuphuza), amanye ama-superbugs amabili asevele ekulungele ukuyihlaziya: C. Ukuhluka . no-A. Baumannii.Kumele ufunde: Zivikele Kuzokwelapha kwe-MRSA
Imithombo:
Ikhasi le-CDC ku-MRSA
UJohn L. Zeller, MD, PhD, Umlobi; U-Alison E. Burke, MA, Umdwebi; URichard M. Glass, MD, uMhleli. I-Journal ye-American Medical Association. I-Vol. 298 No. 15, Okthoba 17, 2007.
Izifo ezithathelwanayo ze-Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus e-United States. R. Monina Klevens, Melissa A. Morrison, Joelle Nadle, Susan Petit, Ken Gershman, Susan Ray, Lee H. Harrison, Ruth Lynfield, Ghinwa Dumyati, John M. Townes, Allen S. Craig, Elizabeth R. Zell, Gregory E UFosheim, uLinda K. McDougal, uRoberta B. Carey, uScott K. Fridkin, kanye nokubhekwa kwe-Active Bacterial Core (ABCs) Abaphenyi be-MRSA. I-JAMA. 2007; 298 (15): 1763-1771.
Izikhungo zezempilo zikazwelonke. I-Medline Plus. MRSA.
Isifinyezo sesitatimende # 35. Uhlelo lwezeMpilo nezindleko (HCUP). July 2007. I-Agency for Researchcare and Quality, i-Rockville, MD. www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/statbriefs/sb35.jsp.