Isifo sikaHirschsprung yisisusa sokuzalwa sokukhulelwa kwamathumbu noma ukuvinjelwa.
Izifo zeHirschsprung
Isifo sikaHirschsprung sivamile, okwenzeka cishe ku-1 kuwo wonke ama-5,000 azalwa.
Kubangelwa ukungabi namaseli we-ganglion (amangqamuzana omzimba) ekugcineni kololon kanye ne-rectum. I-peristalsis evamile idinga lezi amangqamuzana ze-ganglion, ngakho-ke ngaphandle kwazo, awutholi izinhlangothi ezinjengezingqamuzana zamathumbu ezithuthukisa izinto, zibangele ukuba zivunyelwe futhi zivimbele ukuhamba kwesitokhi ngaphandle kwekoloni.
Lokhu kuholela ekuqotheni, okuyinto uphawu lobuciko yalesi sifo.
Izifo zeHirschsprung's Symptoms
Izinsana ezisanda kuzalwa zivame ukudlula ukunyakaza kwazo kokuqala (isifo se-black tarry meconium) ngaphakathi kwamahora amabili okuqala okuphila.
Iningi lezingane ezinezifo zikaHirschsprung zizobambezeleka ekudluleni kwe-meconium. Abanye abanye bazoba nokuqokwa okungapheli kamuva ngenyanga yokuqala yokuphila. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yikuphi, kungaholela ekuvimbeleni emathunjini emathunjini, ngezibonakaliso eziningi nezimpawu ezihambisanayo, kubandakanya:
- ukuvalelwa kwesisu
- ukuhlanza, okungaba yizinto eziphilayo
- ukudla okunomsoco
- ukuzuza okunciphisa umzimba
Ukuhlolwa Kwezifo ZaseHirschsprung
Ukuhlolwa okungenziwa ukuze kuhlolwe isifo sikaHirschsprung futhi kuhlanganisa:
- ama-x-ray, angabonisa ukuvinjelwa kwamathumbu emathunjini kanye nokungabi khona kwegesi kanye nesibalo esiphezulu
- i-barium enema, engabonisa indawo yokuguquguquka noma indawo ephakathi kwekoloni evamile nendawo evinjiwe ethinteka ukungabi namaseli e-ganglion
- i-manometry, isilingo esilinganisa ukucindezelwa kwe-anal sphincter yangaphakathi ku-rectum
Ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, i-biopsy rectal yenziwe, okumele ikhombise ukungabi khona kwamaseli we-ganglion ekugcineni kolononi kanye ne-rectum.
Ukuvivinywa kokusola kukaHirschsprung kumele kuvame ukuqala nge-enam barium.
Uma i-enum ye-barium ijwayelekile, khona-ke kukhona ithuba eliphansi kakhulu lomntwana ophethe uHirschsprung. Izingane ezine-enema ye-barium engavamile noma ezingelahleki zokwelashwa ezivamile zokuqothulwa kufanele ziqhubeke ziba ne-biopsy rectal.
Ukwelashwa kwezifo zeHirschsprung
Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikaHirschsprung kungukulungiswa kokuhlinzwa, okuhlanganisa ukuqala ukudala i-colostomy bese kamuva ususa ingxenye yekoloni ngaphandle kwamangqamuzana e-ganglion bese uxhuma izingxenye ezinempilo emuva ndawonye (ukudonsa ngokusebenza).
Ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka ukuthi wenze inqubo eyodwa-yesigaba-inqubo noma ngisho nokwenza ukuhlinzwa laparoscopically.
Uhlobo lokukhanda lokuhlinzwa lungase lusekelwe esimweni esithile somntwana wakho. Isibonelo, ezinye izinsana zigula kakhulu uma ziqala ukutholwa ukuthi zinezinyathelo zokuhlinzwa okuyisithupha.
Okufanele Ukwazi Ngezifo ZaseHirschsprung
Ezinye izinto zokwazi ngesifo sikaHirschsprung zihlanganisa ukuthi:
- ibizwa nangokuthi i-congenital aganglionic megacolon
- kuvame kakhulu kubafana
- ingahambisana ne- Down syndrome , i-Waardenburg syndrome, i-neurofibromatosis, nezinye izifo ze-syndromes futhi kucatshangwa ukuthi ibangelwa ukushintshashintsha kwezakhi zofuzo ezahlukene
- nakuba ngokuvamile isifo sezingane ezisanda kuzalwa, ngezinye izikhathi uHirschsprung ukhonjelwa ezinganeni ezindala ezinokuqashwa okungapheli, ikakhulukazi uma zingakaze zenze ukunyakaza okujwayelekile ngaphandle kokusiza izidakamizwa noma izidakamizwa noma azizange zihlambuluke kuze kube yilapho zisuliwe ekunceliseni ibele
- wabizwa ngoHarald Hirschsprung, isifo sezempilo esichaza izingane ezimbili ezine-disorder ngo-1887 eCopenhagen
I-gastroenterologist yezingane kanye nodokotela ohlinzayo wezingane kungaba usizo ekuhloleni nasekuphatheni ingane yakho ngesifo sikaHirschsprung.
> Imithombo:
Izifo zeHirschsprung. Izifo zesisu kanye nesifo senhliziyo (Ishiyagalombili Edition), 2011, amakhasi 576-582.e2
Izifo zeHirschsprung. Ukuhlinzwa Kwezingane (I-Seventh Edition), 2012, amakhasi 1265-1278