I- embolus iyinhlayiyana noma inqwaba ehamba ngegazi, okungase lifake esitokisini segazi, ukukhiqiza ukuvimbela nokulimaza komzimba. Ubuningi be-embolus buyi- emboli . Ukulimala komzimba okubangelwa i-embolus kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi umcimbi we- embolic .
I-embolus ingase ibe ne-clot, fat, air, pus, cholesterol, amniotic fluid, noma umzimba wangaphandle.
I-Embolus vs. Thrombus ne-Thromboembolus
Amagama agxiliwe kanye ne-thrombus ngokuvamile adidekile. I- thrombus yi-clot yegazi eyenza ngaphakathi kwisistimu ye-vascular. Uma leso sigqoko segazi siphumula futhi sihamba phakathi kwegazi, seliba yi-embolus.
I-embromus equkethe i-thrombus eye yaxoshwa esakhiweni sayo semvelaphi ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi i- thromboembolism .
Izibonelo ze-Embolic Disease
- I- pulmonary embolus yi-embolus (ikakhulukazi, i-clot yegazi) ehamba emaphashini futhi ikhiqize umonakalo wamaphaphu. I-pulmonary embolus ivame ukubangelwa yi- thrombosis ejulile emilenzeni.
- I- cerebral embolus yi-embolus efaka emthonjeni ohlinzeka ubuchopho, okhiqiza isifo . Isizathu esivamile se-cerebral emboli yi -fibrillation ye-atrial . Eqinisweni, umgomo omkhulu wokuphatha i-fibrillation ye-atrial ukuvimbela ukushaywa kwe-embolic.
- I- fat embolus ingenzeka uma ukwephulwa kwethambo elide kukhishwa amaconsi amafutha engxenyeni yegazi. Amafutha ajwayele ukuhamba emaphashini noma ebuchosheni, akhiqize imithi ye-pulmonary noma i-stroke.
- I- septic embolus iyinqwaba yezicubu ezinamabhaktheriya noma i-pus engena egazini esuka kwisayithi lokutheleleka. Izimbangela ze-septic embolus zihlanganisa i- endocarditis esithathelwanayo noma ukutheleleka esakhiweni se-catheter engaphakathi.
- I- air embolus ibangelwa amanani amancane emoyeni angangena ekusakazeni ngesikhathi senqubo yezokwelapha (njengokuhlinzwa noma inqubo yokucwaninga ).
- I- cholesterol embolus ibangelwa ukukhululwa kwama-crystals e-cholesterol kusuka ku- plaque atherosclerotic . Lezi zinhlayiya zingakwazi ukufaka emthonjeni ophansi emgqeni bese ubangele ukulimala kwezicubu. I-cholesterol eyenziwa kakhulu iyenzeka nge- peripheral artery disease , futhi umonakalo owenzayo kuxhomeke endaweni yesikhala. Ukubonakaliswa kungabandakanya izinzwane ezibuhlungu eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, izigqoko ezingezansi, ukuguqulwa kwesikhumba, ukwehluleka kwezinso, ubuhlungu besisu, ukuphuma kwamathumbu emathunjini, ukushaya isisu noma isifo sezinzwa zomzimba.
- I- amniotic embolus yamanzi iyisimo esiphuthumayo esingajwayelekile lapho kuzalwa khona. Kubangelwa i-amniotic fluid, noma amangqamuzana aphethwe kusukela emntwaneni, engena ekusakazweni komama egumbini lokulala. Umonakalo owenziwe kumama onama-amniotic fluol ngokuvamile awubangelwa indawo yokulala endaweni ethile, kodwa kunalokho, kubangelwa ukujwayela okuvamile, okuvame ukuphazamiseka, ukubhekana nokugula okubangelwa yizicubu "zangaphandle". I-amniotic embolus fluid iyisenzakalo esiyingozi kakhulu esivame ukubulala.
- Umzimba wangaphandle uhlangana nomunye umcimbi ongajwayelekile, ngokuvamile ohlotshaniswa nenqubo yezokwelapha. Ngokwesibonelo, i-talc engena egazini ingaba yi-embolus.
- I- "engokwemvelo" i-embolus yi-embolus evela emthanjeni ophelela ukufaka endaweni yomthambo. I-embolus edidayo idinga indlela esuka ohlangothini lwesokudla senhliziyo kuya kwesobunxele; isibonelo, nge- patent foramen ovale .
> Imithombo:
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> Norgren L, Hiatt WR, Dormandy JA, et al. Inter-Society Consensus mayelana nokuphathwa kwezifo ezithathelwanayo zokugula (TASC II). J Vasc Surg 2007; I-Suppl S: S5.
> Tagalakis V, Patenaude V, Kahn SR, et al. Ukuguquka kokufa kanye nokufa okuvela ku-Venous Thromboembolism ku-Real-world Population: i-Q-VTE Study Cohort. Am J Med 2013; 126: 832.e13.