Isifo se-Lyme sibangelwa ukutheleleka okuvela kubhethri Borrelia burgdorferi . Abantu bangase bathuthukise lesi sifo ngemuva kokulunywa umuthi othelelekile. Ngokwezikhungo zokuLawula nokuvimbela izifo (CDC), isifo se-Lyme asikwazi ukudluliselwa ngokocansi, noma ngokumanga noma ukuphuza ngaphandle kweglasi njengomuntu onesifo se-Lyme. Azikho izimo ezibikiwe zokudluliselwa kusuka kumuntu kuya kumuntu noma kwisilwane kumuntu; lidluliselwa kuphela ngamakhiza.
Amathikithi
Ngeke ucabange ukuthi usengozini yesifo seLyme ngenxa yokuthi uhlalaphi. Nakuba amacala amaningi avela esethi ethile, uthi lesi sifo sithinta zonke izingxenye ze-United States. Futhi khumbula: Nakuba ingozi yakho yokulunywa umuthi ingancipha uma ufaka umnyango wakho, kungenzeka ngokuqinisekile ukukhuphuka lapho uhamba noma uhlanganyela emisebenzini yokuzilibazisa.
Izindlela Zengozi Yokuphila
Kunezici ezithile zokuphila eziyingozi ezihambisana nokuchayeka emikhawulweni futhi, ngaleyo ndlela, ukuze ukwazi ukubhekana nesifo seLyme. Lokhu kufaka:
- Ukuba ngumzingeli
- Ukuba nezilwane ezifuywayo
- Ukuhlala endaweni yasemaphandleni
- Ukuhlala, ukusebenza ngaphakathi, noma ukuhamba kwelinye lama-hotspots amathikithi e-United States (e-Northeast, Mid-Atlantic, noma North-Central)
- Ukuchitha isikhathi ezindaweni ezikhuni noma ezinotshani
- Ukuba nomsebenzi ongaphandle
I-Genetics
Ngenkathi isifo seLyme singenalo izakhi zofuzo, ungathola ifulethi ezenza kube lula ukuthi uzothola izimpawu ezinzima uma uthola isifo seLyme.
I-association enkulu kunazo zonke zesifo se-Lyme kucatshangwa ukuthi ihlukile kwezinye izigaba ze-class II ezinkulu ze-histocompatibility complex (MHC). I-MHC itholakala engxenyeni emfushane ye-chromosome 6. Ihlanganisa izigaba ze-class I, II, ne-III MHC, ngayinye ethinta isistimu yomzimba. Izakhi zofuzo ze-Class II zenza indima ekukhiqizeni izimpendulo ze-T cell antigen.
Kunezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezigaba ze-HLA ze-HLA (genotypes) -HLA-DR4 ne-HLA-DR2-eziye zahlanganiswa nokubandakanyeka ku-Lyme arthritis. Kuye kwachazwa ukuthi uma i-microorganism ephuma ku-Lyme isifo ishukumisela emajoyini, impendulo yomzimba ngokumelene nayo-iyaphendula ngezicubu ezihlangene zomuntu kubantu abane-HLA-DR4 ne-HLA-DR2, okuholela ekuphenduleni okuzenzakalelayo nokudala ngaphezulu i-arthritis enamandla.
Abantu abanesifo se-Lyme kakhulu futhi abangaphenduli kahle ukwelashwa kwama-antibiotic bavame ukutholakala ukuthi bane-genotypes ye-DRB1 * 0101 ne-0401 ye-class II, ekhombisa nokuphendula okuzenzakalelayo. Ucwaningo oluqhubekayo lwenziwe ekuxhumaneni phakathi kwezifo zofuzo nesifo seLyme.
I-Post-Treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome
Ngemuva kokwelashwa, inamba encane yabantu izoba nezimpawu eziqhubekayo, ezinye ezibhekisela kuzo ngokuthi "isifo esingenasifo" saseLyme . Ukuxilongwa okuphikisanayo. Ngenkathi i-CDC ivuma ukuthi izimpawu ezithile zingaphikelela ngemuva kokuba ukwelashwa kugcwaliswe (njengokubuhlungu okuhlanganyelwe kanye neuropathy), lezo zimpawu zizocubungula emhlabeni jikelele ezinyangeni eziyisithupha noma ngaphansi. Ngaphandle kwalesi sikhathi, kukhona ubufakazi obuncane bokuthi izimpawu eziphikisanayo-ikakhulukazi ukukhathala okungapheli-zihlobene ngokuqondile nokutheleleka okuqhubekayo no- Borrelia burgdorferi .
Kulabo bantu ngabanye, i-CDC ihlukanise ukugula njengesifo se-Lyme disease syndrome (PTLDS). I-CDC ixwayisa ngokumelene nokwelapha okuqhubekayo kwama-antibiotic ukwelashwa kwe-PTLDS.
> Imithombo:
> Brewer JH, Thrasher JD, Hooper D. Isifo Sengculazi Esihlobene NeMold and Mycotoxins: Ingabe i-Naso-Sinus Fungal Biofilm i-Culprit? Ubuthi. 2014; 6 (1): 66-80. i-doi: 10.3390 / izinhlayiya6010066.
> Brewer JH, Thrasher JD, Straus DC, Madison RA, Hooper D. Ukutholakala kwama-Mycotoxins kulabo abagulayo abane-Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Ubuthi . 2013; 5 (4): 605-617. i-doi: 10.3390 / izinhlayiya5040605.
> Kalish RA, Leong JM, Steere AC. I-Association of Treatment-Resistant Chronic Lyme Arthritis E-HLA-DR4 ne-Antibody Reactivity ku-OspA nase-OspB yaseBorlialia Burgdorferi. Ukutheleleka nokungavikeleki . 1993; 61 (7): 2774-2779.
> Strle K, Shin JJ, Glickstein LJ, Steere AC. I-Receptor efana ne-Toll 1 I-polymorphism ihlangene no-T-helper T-helper Responses ephikisayo kanye ne-Antibiotic-Refractory Lyme Arthritis. I-arthritis ne-Rheumatism . 2012; 64 (5): 1497-1507. i-doi: 10.1002 / ubuciko.34383.
> I-World Health Organization (WHO). Ama-mycotoxins . Ishicilelwe ngo-Okthoba 2011