Kulinganiselwa ukuthi abantu abangaba ngu-30 000 banesifo seLyme minyaka yonke e-United States. Isifo se-Lyme yisifo esithathelwe yi-bacterium ebizwa ngokuthi i- Borrelia burgdorferi esakazwa kubantu ngamakaki omuthi omuncu , owaziwa ngokuthi amakhizane enyamazane. Izimpawu zingaqala noma yikuphi kusukela ezinsukwini ngemuva kokulunywa kuze kube ngemva kweminyaka. Ukhululekile kakhulu ukuthola isivumelwano seLyme eNyakatho-mpumalanga, eMid-Atlantic, noma eNyakatho-Central.
Umlando we-Lyme Disease
Isifo se-Lyme saqale saqaphela ngo-1975 ngemva kokuba abacwaningi baphenye ukuthi kungani izingane eziningana ezingavamile zitholwa ukuthi zinesifo samathambo e-Lyme, e-Connecticut nasemadolobhaneni amabili angomakhelwane. Abacwaningi bathola ukuthi iningi lezingane ezithintekayo lihlala futhi lidlalwa eduze nezindawo ezikhuni lapho kutholakala khona imikhaza. Baphinde bathola ukuthi izimpawu zokuqala zezingane ziqala ngezikhathi zasehlobo, ukuphakama kwenkathi yomkhakethi. Iziguli eziningi ezixoxwa ngazo zibike ukuthi zihlaselwa isikhumba nje ngaphambi kokuba zihlakulele isifo se-arthritis, futhi abaningi bakhumbula ukuthi bayalunywa isitifiketi esikhungweni se-rash.
Uphenyo olwengeziwe lwathola ukuthi imikhaza emincane yondla ephethwe yi-bacterium enama-spiral noma i-spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi yayinomthwalo wokuhlukunyezwa kwe-arthritis eLyme. EYurophu, isikhumba sishaya esifana nesesifo seLyme sachazwa ezincwadini zezokwelapha kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20.
Isifo se-Lyme kungenzeka sisakazeke kusukela eYurophu siye e-United States ekuqaleni kwawo-1900, kepha ochwepheshe bezempilo nje nje nje baqaphela ukuthi kuyisifo esihlukile.
Izimpawu
Esikhathini sokuqala, isifo seLyme ngokuvamile sibangela ukuqhuma okubizwa ngokuthi i-erythema migrans eduze nendawo yokuluma futhi ngezinye izikhathi izimpawu ezifana ne-flu, ezifana nezinkinga zezinzwa, nezinkinga zenhliziyo.
Kufanele ufune ukwelashwa ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka uma ubona noma iyiphi yalezi zimpawu futhi uyazi noma usola ukuthi ngabe ukhonjwe umkhaza, ikakhulukazi uma uhlala noma uye waya endaweni eyaziwa ngesifo seLyme.
Izimbangela
Isifo se-Lyme sibangelwa ibhethri uBorlialia burgdorferi , esetshenziselwa abantu ngemikhaza emagciwane. Ezinye izici , ezifana nezakhi zofuzo, zingathonya izimpawu zakho.
Ukuxilongwa
Isifo se-Lyme ngezinye izikhathi singatholakala ukuthi sinama-antibody kodwa sivame ukutholakala yizibonakaliso zakho , ikakhulukazi uma ungenayo i-erythema migrans. Ukuhlolwa okusha kuthuthukiswa ukusiza ukunikeza ukuxilongwa okunembile.
Ukwelapha
Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kwesifo seLyme kuyindlela yama-antibiotic. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinyathelo zingadingeka zithathwe kuye ngezibonakaliso zakho nokuthi usulele isikhathi eside kangakanani ukutheleleka.
Ukuvimbela
Kunezindlela eziningi ongavimbela ukukhawula kwekhakithi okungabangela isifo seLyme, kusukela ekugqokeni kwakho endleleni ozongena ngayo ukuba uqaphele ukuhlola amakhiza nsuku zonke ngesikhathi sonyaka wamathikithi. Umgomo omusha wesifo se-Lyme usebenza futhi.
Amaqiniso NgamaKhikithi
Kungenxa nje yokuthi uklonywe umuthi othelelekile akusho ukuthi uzokhipha isifo se-Lyme.
Ukulunywa kwekhakithi akukwenzeki emasekhondini nje nje njengokulunywa umiyane noma ukugaya izinyosi. I-tick ticks ingena kumuntu noma isilwane isikhathi esithile njengoba siphuza igazi kusuka kumphathi. Uma umkhaza usulelekile, ungadlulisela amabhaktheriya kuwo.
I-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) ithi umuthi kufanele uhlale unamathele emzimbeni wakho amahora angu-24 noma ngaphezulu ukuze uhlakulele isifo seLyme. Yingakho kunconywa ukuba uhlole wena, amalungu omndeni wakho, nezilwane zakho ezifuywayo kanye ngosuku ngesikhathi semikhakha. Ukulunywa kwekhakithi okuhlala isikhathi esincane kungenjalo ngeke kudlulisele lesi sifo.
Amathikithi adlulisa isifo se-Lyme e-United States (lezi zikhawu zibukeka kakhulu) zifaka:
- Ikhibhodi elimnyama noma lezinambuzane okuthiwa i- Ixodes scapularis , evame kakhulu eNyakatho-mpumalanga, eMid-Atlantic, nasenyakatho-central states
- Umkhawulo omnyama osentshonalanga okuthiwa u- Ixodes pacificus , otholakala eNtshonalanga Kapa
Kunezinkomba eziningi ezitholakala emhlabeni wonke ezingenayo isifo se-Lyme, kufaka phakathi imikhaza ye-Lone star (i- Amblyomma americanum ), umklamo wezinja waseMelika (i- Dermacentor variabilis ), umkhawulo we-Rocky Mountain ( Dermacentor andersoni ) Rhipicephalus sanguineus ). Lokhu akusho ukuthi lezi zingxenyana azikwazi ukuthwala noma ukudlulisela ezinye izifo, noma kunjalo.
Indima Yezidakamizwa Nezidakamizwa
Amagundane amancane nezinyamazane zidlala indima ebalulekile emjikelezweni wokuphila komkhakhamba wezilwane. Amathikithi e-Deer abeka amaqanda aphenduke izibungu ezondla ngamagundane nezinye izilwane ezincelisayo. Izimpungushe zikhula zibe yiziqu ezincane ezibizwa ngokuthi i-nymphs, ezondla izilwane ezincelisayo nezilwane ezincane. Izikhupha zezinyamazane ezindala ngokuvamile zidla ngezinyamazane ngesikhathi sokukhula kwemigomo yabo yokuphila. Kokubili ama-nymphs kanye nemikhaza emikhulu ingadlulisa amabhaktheriya abangela isifo.
Lapho Kutholakala Izifo ZaseLyme
Isifo se-Lyme siye sabikwa cishe kuzo zonke izifunda e-United States, nakuba isiguli singase sithole lesi sifo kulesi sifundazwe ngaphandle kwesinye isinqumo sakhe. Amaphesenti angaba ngu-95 azo zonke izimo ezibikiwe avela kulawa athi:
- Connecticut
- I-Delaware
- Maine
- Maryland
- EMassachusetts
- Minnesota
- I-New Hampshire
- E-New Jersey
- I-New York
- Pennsylvania
- I-Rhode Island
- Vermont
- Virginia
- Wisconsin
Isifo se-Lyme sitholakala ezindaweni ezinkulu zase-Asia naseYurophu.
Izwi elivela
Uma uthola ukuthi unesifo se-Lyme, izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ukwelashwa okufanele ngama-antibiotic kuvame ukuholela ekutheni ululame ngokuphelele, ngisho nasezifweni ezedlule. Nakuba isifo seLyme sinezinselele eziningi zempilo yomphakathi, zinselele ukuthi umphakathi wocwaningo lwezokwelapha uhlomele ukuhlangabezana. Ulwazi olusha ngesifo seLyme luqoqa ngesivinini esisheshayo, ngenxa yocwaningo lwesayensi olwenziwa emhlabeni jikelele.
> Imithombo:
> Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo (CDC). I-Lyme Disease. Kubuyekezwe ngomhla ka-19 Januwari, 2018.
> Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo (CDC). I-Lyme Disease: Idatha kanye nezibalo. Kubuyekezwe ngo-Novemba 13, 2017.
> Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo (CDC). I-Lyme Izifo: Imibuzo Ebuzwa Ngokujwayelekile. Kubuyekezwe ku-Septemba 5, 2017.