"Ama-cheeks e-Chipmunk" abangwa yi-Virus
Amagundane, isifo segciwane esichazwa "izihlathi ezise-chipmunk," saqale sachazwa yiHippocrates eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-2 000 edlule. Ngaphambi kokusungulwa komuthi wokugoma (ingxenye ye-MMR yokugoma) ngo-1967, izimpungushe zaziyisifo esijwayelekile sezifo zobuntwana. Nakuba inani lamacala liye lahleka ngokuphawulekayo ngenxa yokusetshenziswa okujwayelekile komuthi wokugoma osebenza kahle kakhulu, kunezimo zamangqamuzana ezenzekayo, njengalawo ukuqhuma kuka-2006 eMidwest.
Igama: Paramyxovirus
Uhlobo lwe-microbe: i- RNA virus
Indlela okubangela ngayo izifo: Igciwane lesisu liphuma emgwaqeni ophezulu wokuphefumula futhi lisakazeka kuwo wonke umzimba ngesistimu ye-lymphatic (ehamba ngamaseli namanzi omzimba omzimba). Igciwane liya emathanjeni kanye nezinye izinhlayiya futhi kudala impendulo yokuvuvukala kanye ne-edema (ukuqoqwa kohlobo oluthile), okuholela ezigulini ezibuhlungu, ezivuvukalayo.
Indlela esakazeka ngayo: Amagundane asakazeka kusuka komuntu kuya komuntu ngokusebenzisa amaconsi emanzini namathe. Igciwane lingabuye lidluliswe ngendawo engcolile. Ukutheleleka kuthathelwana kakhulu, ikakhulukazi kubantu abangenalo igciwane, futhi kungasakazeka kusukela ezinsukwini ezintathu ngaphambi kwezinsuku ezingu-6 emva kokuvela kwezimpawu. I-CDC incoma ukuhlukanisa abantu abanezinambuzane izinsuku ezingu-5 emva kokuvela kwezimpawu.
Ngubani osengozini? Noma ubani angathola ama-mumps, kodwa izingane ezineminyaka engama-5 kuya kwengu-14 zinamathuba okuthola.
Izimpawu: Izimpawu zivame ukuvela ezinyangeni eziyi-16 kuya kwezingu-18 emva kokuvezwa komuntu onegciwane.
Izibonakaliso zokuqala zamangqamuzana zibandakanya umkhuhlane, ikhanda, ukukhathala nokuntuleka kwesidlo izinsuku ezingu-1 kuya kwezingu-2. Isibonakaliso sokuqala samangqamuzana kukhona ubuhlungu bezintambo ezibuhlungu, zethenda, nezivuvukala (ezitholakala emathuneni, ngezansi kwe-jawline), kodwa luvele kuphela ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-30 kuya ku-40%. Lezi "izihlathi zama-chipmunk" ngokuvamile zixazulula cishe ngesonto, futhi ukutakula kuthatha izinsuku ezingaba ngu-10 kuya kwezingu-12.
Kodwa igciwane lingasakazeka kwamanye ama-tissue, okuholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu kakhulu (bheka 'Izinkinga' ngezansi).
Ukuxilongwa: Amagundane avame ukutholakala ngokusekelwe ezinkathini zakudala, kufaka phakathi i-parotitis, noma ukuvuvukala kwezigulane ezinamathele futhi izimpawu ezingenakubalwa, ezifana nomkhuhlane, ama-body aches, kanye nokudla okuncane. Ukuhlaziywa kwamasampuli egazi kungabonisa ukutholakala okungavamile okubandakanya ukubalwa kwamangqamuzana egazi lamhlophe namazinga aphezulu weprotheni yamylase. Uma kudingwa i-lab eyengeziwe, lezi zindlela zingase zihlanganise ukutholakala kwegciwane ematheni noma emcimbini (nge-viral culture or PCR) noma ukutholakala kwamagciwane okulwa negciwane.
Ukuprofetha: Iningi labantu lizophuluka ezinyangeni eziyi-10 kuya kwezingu-12 bese kuthuthukisa ukuzivikela komzimba ngokumelene negciwane lesisu.
Ukwelashwa: Azikho izindlela zokwelapha eziqondile. Imifula ingaphathwa nge-acetaminophen noma ibuprofen, futhi izigulane ezivuvukalayo zingaduduza ngamaphakethe afudumele noma abandayo. Gwema ukudla okunomsoco noma okune-acidic okungase kukhulise ubuhlungu emigodini ye-salivary.
Ukuvimbela: Umuthi wokugoma we-MMR uqukethe i-mumps virus ehlisiwe. Ukugonywa kunconywa ezinyangeni eziyi-12 kuya kwezingu-15 ubudala futhi nje ngaphambi kokungena enkulisa. Abantu abadala abazalwa emva kuka-1956 abangazange bagonywe noma abangenayo imisipha kufanele baphinde bagonywe.
Izinkinga: Izinkinga zokukhuphuka kwamagundane zikhuphuka ngobudala futhi zingavela ekuthelelekeni kwezicubu zomzimba ezahlukene eziholela ekuvukeni. Lezi zinkinga zingabandakanya ukuvuvukala kobuchopho (i-encephalitis noma i-meningitis), i-testis (i-orchitis), i-pancreas (i-pancreatitis), izilonda ezincelisayo (i-mastitis), ama-ovaries (oophoritis), i-thyroid (thyroiditis), inhliziyo (myocarditis) namalungu (i-arthritis) . Izinkinga zingase ziholele ekukhipha isisu okuzenzekelayo, isithulu esihlala njalo, ngisho nokufa.
> Umthombo:
> Umama wokugoma. Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo.