I-myocarditis ukuvuvukala kwesisu senhliziyo, futhi esinye sezimo zenhliziyo ezihlobene nokufa okungazelelwe kubadlali abasha . Uma kwenzeka, i-myocarditis ngokuvamile ayinayo izimpawu ekuqaleni, futhi umgijimi osemusha angase azizwe kahle ukuze ancintisane, angazi inkinga. Nokho, ngemva kokuxilongwa, ukuvivinya umzimba kuzovinjelwa. Umuntu osemusha onomdlavuza angase abuyele kanjani ekuzivocavocavoca, kungakanani ukuzivocavoca okuzokwenzeka esikhathini esizayo, futhi yikuphi ukuvivinya umzimba okungahle kunconywe?
Ngaphambi kokuxoxa ngokuningiliziwe kwe-myocarditis nokusebenzisa izincomo, kubalulekile ukukhuluma ngamathikithi abasha abane-myocarditis encane, ngakho-ke, kungenzeka bangazi ukuthi imithwalo yabo yokusebenza imingcele. Ngandlela-thile, ukuba ne-myocarditis emnene kungaba yingozi ngaphezu kokuba nesifo esinzima. Ekuqaleni kokuhamba kwe-myocarditis, abantu bangase babe nezimpawu ezimbalwa uma kukhona izimpawu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umgijimi osemusha ophethe i-myocarditis uyozizwa ehle ngokwanele ukuncintisana, futhi angase angazi kahle ingozi engenzeka. Ngisho ne-myocarditis enobumnene kakhulu, abagijimi abasha kufanele bavimbele kakhulu imisebenzi yabo yezemidlalo baze banikezwe "konke kucace" yi-cardiologist yabo.
Ukubuka ngokugcwele kwe-Myocarditis
I-myocarditis yisifo esibhubhisayo esithinta imisipha yenhliziyo. I-myocarditis ingabangelwa yizimo eziningi ezihlanganisa izifo (njengegciwane leCoxsackie, i-toxoplasmosis, nesifo se-Lyme ), izifo ezihlukahlukene ezizimele (ezifana ne- lupus ), kanye nokuziphendukela kwezinto ezinobuthi nezidakamizwa ezihlukahlukene (njenge-cocaine).
Ezimweni ezingaphezu kwambalwa ezimbalwa akukho isizathu esiqondile esingasithola, lapho kwenzeka ukuthi kuthiwa i-myocarditis "idiopathic."
Izimpawu ze-myocarditis zingahluka kakhulu kwiziguli ezine-myocarditis, kuye ngokuthi izinga lokuvuvukala likhona enhliziyweni nesisindo senhliziyo esonakaliswe ukuvuvukala.
Uma i-myocarditis inzima futhi ithinta ingxenye enkulu yesisindo senhliziyo, ingaveza ukwedlulela ngokweqile nokuhluleka kwenhliziyo . Lokhu kuvame ukuhambisana nezimpawu ezibandakanya i- dyspnea (ukuphefumula), ukukhathala, ubuthakathaka, kanye ne-edema (ukuvuvukala).
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-myocarditis ingathinta izingxenye ezincane kuphela zesisindo senhliziyo, enezimpawu ezincane kakhulu ezinjengobuthakathaka obuthakathaka noma obuthaka kalula. Ngezinye izikhathi, uphawu olulodwa kuphela ubuhlungu besifuba obukhona kuphela ngesikhathi sokuvivinya umzimba. Kwezinye izimo ze-myocarditis, azikho izimpawu nakancane.
I-myocarditis ingenzeka njengesifo esibucayi kakhulu, noma ingabangela ukugula okungapheli, okukhwehlela.
Ukuthola i-Myocarditis
Kukhona izivivinyo eziningi ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlola i-myocarditis, kuhlanganise ne- electrocardiogram (ECG). Futhi, kubalulekile ukuqaphela, ukuthi abantu abaningi ababhekana nokufa okungazelelwe ngenxa ye-myocarditis baye babe nezibonakaliso ezincane kuphela, ngakho-ke, abazange babe nokuhlolwa okuzoveza ukuxilongwa.
Isaziso Esikhethekile Kwabadlali Abasha Abanobuchopho Bomzimba
Njengoba kushiwo ekuqaleni, ukuzivocavoca kwabadlali abasha abane-myocarditis emnene kungaba yingozi. Laba ngabantu abavame ukufa ngokungazelelwe ngesikhathi sezemidlalo.
Ngenxa yabaningi kakhulu balaba bantu, akubanga nesizathu sokwenza izivivinyo zenhliziyo ezizosinikeza izinkomba zokuthi ukuvuvukala kwenhliziyo kwakukhona.
Uma ungumzali onomntwana onomzimba we-myocarditis omnene, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingane yakho ijwayele izincomo zokusebenza njengoba ukhona. I-myocarditis ivame ukuqala ngesikhathi esifanayo sokuphila lapho intsha izama ukuzimela zizimele futhi zenze izinqumo zayo. Ukwengeza engozini yokufa, ukuzivocavoca ngokweqile kungafaka ingane ingozi yokulimala kwenhliziyo nokukhubazeka, futhi kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi laba badlali abasha baqonde lokhu.
Uma ukuxilongwa kwe-myocarditis kwenziwa enkundleni encane, kuvame ukukhuthazwa kakhulu ukuba bagweme ngokuphelele imidlalo yokuncintisana okungenani izinyanga eziyisithupha, kuphela ukuqala ukuncintisana uma ukuhlolwa komzimba kubonisa ukutakula okuphelele.
Ukuzivocavoca Ngaphambi Kokuthola I-Myocarditis
Uma i-myocarditis iqala ukutholakala, ukuvivinya umzimba ngokuvamile kuvinjelwe ngokuphelele kuze kube yilapho ukuqonda ngokugcwele imininingwane yesazi kwaziwa. Ngokujwayelekile, ukuzivocavoca (kwanoma yikuphi izinga) akukhuthazwa kuze kube yilapho umsebenzi we-ventricle wesokunxele wenhliziyo (ikamelo elikhulu lenhliziyo eliphampa igazi kuwo wonke umzimba) libuyela emuva evamile, futhi akukho zindlela ezingavamile zenhliziyo. Ngisho noma kungekho ama-arrhythmias, futhi umsebenzi wokuvuthwa uvamile, ukuvivinya umzimba akufanele kuvuselelwe uma kunezibonakaliso zokuvuvukala okuqhubekayo enhliziyweni.
Kodwa ezinye izici eziningi kuzodingeka zicatshangelwe kahle, kufaka phakathi imbangela ye-myocarditis, futhi uma ihlala yesikhashana (njengokutheleleka) noma inqubo eqhubekayo. Ezinye izimbangela zandisa ingozi yokufa ngokungazelelwe okuningi kunezinye. Ngokwesibonelo, kutholakale ukuthi ukuzivocavoca kwandisa ingozi yokufa ngamaphesenti angu-45 kulabo abane-myocarditis eyenziwa igciwane le-Coxsackie.
Ukuqala Ukuzivocavoca Nge-Myocarditis
Njengoba isimo somuntu sithuthuka, futhi ukuzivocavoca okulinganisela kuthathwa njengokuphephile, kungasiza. Lokho kusho, noma yikuphi ukuvivinya umzimba okufanele kuqalwe kuphela ngaphansi kokuqondiswa okucophelela kwe-cardiologist yakho. Kubantu abaningi, ukuvuselelwa kwenhliziyo kungenziwa kunqunywe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lokhu kwenzeka endaweni elawulwayo.
Ukuzivocavoca kwaziwa ukuthi kunemiphumela elwa nokuvuvukala kanye nemiphumela emasimini omzimba okusiza ukulwa namagciwane (imbangela engamaphesenti angu-50 amacala we-myocarditis).
Uma umuntu esuliwe ukuze abuyele ekuzivocavocavoca, ngokuvamile ukuvivinya umzimba okulinganisiwe kuvunyelwe. Ukuzivocavoca okulinganisako kwanele ukubona izinzuzo mayelana nokuvuvukala, kanti ukuzivocavoca ngokweqile kungase kungabi yingozi kuphela, kodwa kungase kuthuthukise imiphumela elimaza inhliziyo ye-myocarditis yegciwane.
Ukuzivocavoca Nokuncintisana
Ukuzivocavoca komncintiswano kufanele kugwenywe okungenani izinyanga ezingu-6 (izincomo zaseYurophu, izincomo zaseMelika zinyangeni ezintathu kuya kweziyi-6), bese zibuyela kuphela ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kwe-cardiologist.
Ngaphambi kokubuyela emisebenzini, abadlali kufanele bahlolwe ngokuphelele nge-ECG, ECG yokucindezeleka, ukuqapha i-Holter, ne-echocardiogram. Ezinye izazi ze-cardiologists zingancoma i-MRI yenhliziyo, nakuba singaqiniseki ngenzuzo ngalesi sikhathi. Abagijimi abanesifo senhliziyo yabo bangase babe engozini enkulu yezingqikithi ezingavamile nokufa okungazelelwe, futhi ukubuyela emncintiswaneni ngeke kuphakanyiswe.
Umbono Wesikhathi Eside Ukuzivocavoca Nge-Myocarditis
Umbono wesikhathi eside mayelana nokusebenzisa izincomo nge-myocarditis kuzoxhomeka esiyimbangela, kanye nanoma yimuphi umonakalo wenhliziyo ohlala njalo owasekelwa ukuvuvukala. Izimbangela eziningi zegciwane le-myocarditis zilinganiselwe, kepha zingashiya umonakalo ohlala njalo ongavimbela umsebenzi ongokwenyama esikhathini esizayo.
Ukuzivocavoca Okuhle Nokubi Nge-Myocarditis
Uhlobo oluhle kakhulu lokuzivocavoca kulabo abaphulukisayo kusuka ku-myocarditis luzoxhomekeka ezintweni eziningana, kuhlanganise nanoma yikuphi ukulimala komzimba okuqhubekayo noma ukubhuka. Uhlelo lokuzivocavoca kufanele lusebenze ngokucophelela ne-cardiologist yakho, futhi ukuqala ukuvuselelwa kwenhliziyo kuyindlela yokuqapha umsebenzi ngokuphepha ngangokunokwenzeka ekuqaleni kokuqala lapho umsebenzi uqalile.
Ngezansi Ekuzivocavoca Nge-Myocarditis
I-myocarditis ivame ukubangelwa ukutheleleka kwamagciwane okungathinta abadlali abasha abasha. Ngeshwa, labo abasengozini yokufa ngokungazelelwe kaningi labo abanesifo esibuhlungu kakhulu, njengoba izimpawu zabo azizange zibaxwayise kule nkinga.
Uma sesitholiwe, umsebenzi womzimba uvinjelwe kakhulu izinyanga ezimbalwa. Ngaphambi kokubuyela emisebenzini, i-cardiologist izofuna ukubona ukuthi umsebenzi wesisu senhliziyo, ikakhulukazi umsebenzi we-ventricular wesokunxele, ubuyiselwe, nokuthi akukho zigqi zezinhliziyo ezingavamile. Kubalulekile futhi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuvuvukala kwe-myocarditis kuye kwaxazulula, nakuba kungekho zindlela ezilula zokunquma lokhu. Ukuhlolwa kwe-cardiac kuhlanganise ne-ECG, ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka kwe-ECG, i-echocardiogram, ukuqapha kwe-Holter nezinye izivivinyo kungase kuphakanyiswe.
Ukusheshisa kokuzivocavoca sekuqalile, kanye nokuqeqeshwa okukhethekile okuphakanyisiwe, kuzoxhomeka esimweni sakho esithile, futhi kufanele kukhulunywe ngokucophelela ne-cardiologist yakho. Lokhu kufanele kuhambisane nanoma yiziphi izinyathelo zokuqapha aziphakamisayo, nolwazi kunoma yimaphi izimpawu okufanele ulubheke ukuze unqume ukuthi ngabe umsebenzi ukhulu kangakanani.
> Imithombo:
> I-American College of Cardiology. I-Myocarditis ku-Athlete. 01/31/18. http://www.acc.org/latest-in-cardiology/articles/2018/01/18/15/00/myocarditis-in-the-thlete
> Cooper, L. Ukwelashwa nokubikezelwa kwe-Myocarditis kubantu abadala. UpToDate . Kubuyekezwe 08/28/17.