I-Portal hypertension yisimo esibangelwa izifo zesibindi. Uhlobo lwe-high blood pressure (umfutho wegazi ophezulu), kodwa kunokuba kuthinte umzimba wonke, kuthinta kakhulu imithanguzo ye-portal ephuma emathunjini kuya esibindi. Kuyinkimbinkimbi ebalulekile ye-hepatitis enobudakamizwa nesifo se-isibindi, futhi kungabangela ukuvuvukala nokuphuma kwegazi.
Igazi ligeleza phakathi kwesibindi: Indlela esebenza ngayo
Isibindi sithola igazi emithonjeni emibili.
Igazi elisha, elivela enhliziyweni, linikezela izidingo zesibindi ngokwalo. Futhi, ngoba isibindi sihlunga izinambuzane kanye nezinqubo zezakhi, igazi kusuka emathunjini nezinye izitho zesistimu yokugaya kungena nge-vein portal. Igazi elisendlini ye-portal ligeleza ngqo esibindi futhi likwazi ukusebenzisana ne- hepatocytes (amaseli wesibindi). Igazi liyaqhubeka ngesibindi futhi libuyela enhliziyweni nasemaphaphu ngokusebenzisa isethi ehlukene yemikhumbi - i-veptic hepatic.
Uma indlela eya esibindi kusukela emathunjini ivinjelwe noma iyancishiswa ngenxa yesithiyo esithile, khona-ke ingcindezi iyanda ohlelweni lwe-venous. Lokhu kuye kwachazwa kimi ngokucabangela isimiso sokungena emzimbeni njengensimu engadini kanye nokuvinjelwa njengekink e-hose. Uyazi ngokuhlangenwe nakho ukuthi ukucindezela kwanda emanzini. Into efanayo ingenzeka emzimbeni wethu, ngaphandle kwalokho, ngokungafani ne-hose ye-water, imivimbo yethu ingavuza uma ingcindezi ikla.
Lokhu "kuvuza" yilokho okwenza ukuba i-ascitic isetshenziswe futhi iyimbangela ye-ascites, noma ukwakheka kwe-fluid.
Yini Ebangelwa Ukuvimbela?
I-cirrhosis yesibindi ingabangela i- fibrosis ebanzi. I-Fibrosis yiyona imbangela evame kakhulu yokugonywa kwegazi, nakuba kunezinye izimbangela eziningi (njenge-schistosomias, i-sarcoidosis, nesifo sofuba somzimba).
Ukulimala okukhulu kwe-fibrosis kugwema ukuhamba kwamanzi okushisa ngesibindi. Ukusebenzisa ukufanisa kwethu ngenhla, i-fibrosis "i-kink e-hose." I-fibrosis iyakhela izitsha ngaphakathi kwesibindi ezenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuba igazi ligele. Njengoba igazi nezikhukhula zizama ukuhlunga ngesibindi esivinjelwe, ingcindezi ikhiqiza ohlelweni lokungena, okuholela ezinkingeni ezengeziwe.
Yiziphi Izinkinga Ezibangelwa I-Portal Hypertension?
Izinkinga eziphawulekayo ezihlobene ne-hypertension ye-portal yi-ascites (ukuqoqwa kwamanzi okufiphala emathangeni afaka izitho kanye nodonga lwesisu) kanye nama-varice (ama-veins ahlanganiswe eduze kwesisu, isisu noma amathumbu abangelwa ukugeleza kwegazi okusekelwe emuva).
Ama-Varice abangelwa ngqo yi-portal hypertension. Uma ukugeleza kwegazi kwesibindi kuvinjelwe, igazi lingase lisekelwe emiphakathini ye-portal systemous venous (uhlelo lweminye imithwalo ehambisa igazi phakathi kwesimiso sokugaya nesibindi) kanye nesistimu ye-venic systemous (uhlelo lwezimviva ezibuyiselwayo igazi enhliziyweni). Imisiphazo yalezi zimboni ezimbili yizitsha ezincane ze-blood ezibizwa ngokuthi i-capillaries. Lezi zitsha azikwazi ukulwa nokunyuka kwengcindezi yegazi futhi zihlanganiswe noma zihanjiswe.
Izitsha ezinjalo zingabonakala ngaphansi kwesifo noma isisu ngesikhathi senqubo eyaziwa ngokuthi i-endoscopy. Zibuthakathaka futhi zisengozini yokuphuma kwegazi.
Ingabe I-Portal Hypertension Yingozi?
Yebo, ngoba i-portal hypertension ingabangela ukuphuma kwegazi. Ezimweni eziningi, lezi ziqephu zokuphuza zibhekwa njengezimo eziphuthumayo zezokwelapha ngoba izinga lokufa (inani labantu abafa) kusukela kusiqephu esisebenzayo sokuphulukisa ama-varice kungu-70%. Ama-varic esophageal avamile kakhulu kubantu abane-cirrhosis ephakeme futhi kulinganiselwa ukuthi umuntu oyedwa kulaba bantu abathathu abane-varice uyoqala ukuphuma ngegazi.
I-Hypertension Portal Ithola Kanjani?
Noma ubani one-cirrhosis ephakeme uzobe esweni ngokucophelela ekuthuthukiseni i-portal hypertension, okuvame ukutholakala ngokuba khona kokukodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalokhu okulandelayo:
- Thrombocytopenia
- I-splenomegaly (ipeni ekhulisiwe)
- Incephalopathy
- Ukuba neyodwa yezinkinga ze-portal hypertension (ama-ascites nama-varophageal varices)
Imithombo:
> I-Bacon, i-BR. I-cirrhosis nezinkinga zayo. Ku: AS Fauci, E Braunwald, DL Kasper, SL Hauser, DL Longo, JL Jameson, J Loscaizo (eds), Izimiso zikaHarrison zika-Internal Medicine , 17e. ENew York, McGraw-Hill, 2008. 1976-1978.
> Crawford, JM. Isibindi ne-Biliary Tract. Ku: V Kumar, AK Abbas, N Fausto (eds), Robbins kanye neCotran Pathologic Basis of Disease , 7e. Philadelphia, Elsevier Saunders, 2005. 883-885.
> Shah VH, iKamath PS. Ukwehla kwesifo se-Portal nokukhipha izisu. Ku: M Feldman, uLS Friedman, uLJ Brandt (ama-eds), Izifo zamathumbu namathumba, 8e. Philadelphia, Elsevier, 2006. 1899-1928.