Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Ukuxilongwa, Nokuvimbela
I-Hypothermia (izinga lokushisa lomzimba eliphansi) libhekisela kokubili isimo sezokwelapha kanye nesifo sokungena okubandayo. Kwenzeka lapho umzimba uwela ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa elithile futhi awukwazi ukuzifudumala. Ukushisa komzimba okujwayelekile kubhekwa njengama-degree ayi-98.6. I-Hypothermia ibhekwa njengento engaphansi kwama-95 degrees. Ukushiywa engaphenduliwe, i-hypothermia ingaba yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha.
Uhlelo lwe-integumentary (isikhumba) lusiza ukulawula ukushisa komzimba ngokulawula ukulahlekelwa ukushisa.
Umzimba ukhiqiza ukushisa ngokusebenzisa umzimba wesimila, okuyinto indlela enhle yokusho ukuthi ukuphila-okungenani kumuntu-kusenza sifudumale. Uma nje imizimba yethu ingakwazi ukukhiqiza okungenani ukushisa okukhulu njengoba silahlekelwa, sigcina izinga lokushisa eliyisisekelo. Uma silahlekelwa okungaphezu kwalokho esikwenzayo, sibhekene ne-hypothermia.
Izinhlobo ze-Hypothermia
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu ezijwayelekile ze-hypothermia yengozi:
- Ukuvezwa kahle emakhazeni, njengokucwiliswa kwamanzi abandayo noma ukubanjwa eqhweni. Lokhu kubi kunokuba nje ukuphelelwa yisimo sezulu esibanda.
- Ukukhathala noma ukunye ukungasebenzi komzimba okungenzi ukushisa okwanele, kuhlanganise nokudakwa nokuphuza utshwala noma ukungondleki.
- Ukuvezwa okungahleliwe kwamazinga okushisa abanda noma ajwayelekile ngaphandle kokuphumula. Ngisho nokuxoxa ngaphandle eside kakhulu ngaphandle kwejazi kusihlwa ekwindla epholile kwanele ukuthuthukisa i-hypothermia emnene, nakuba iphathwa kalula.
I-Hypothermia ivame kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, okubangelwa ukuhlanganiswa kwemvelo ebandayo kanye nokwehliswa kwesikhumba (ngoba ngokusho ukuthi isikhumba sesivuliwe) ukuvumela ukushisa kuphume ngokushesha kakhulu kunokujwayelekile.
I-hypothermia ye-Perioperative ibhalwe kahle futhi abahlinzayo bafuna izindlela zokukuvimbela ngenkathi behlinzeka imvelo enempilo futhi ekhululekile eqenjini elihlinzayo.
Umlando
Abantu baye bazi iminyaka eyizinkulungwane ukuthi ukushisa emakhazeni kungabangela ukufa nokuthi ukukhathala noma ukukhathala kwenza kube kubi nakakhulu.
Ukuze uhlathulule futhi uqaphele i-hypothermia, i-thermometer encane eyanele ukuba isetshenziswe njalo kubantu yayidingeka. Yakhiwa ngo-1866 futhi ayitholakali kabanzi ukusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha kuze kube amashumi eminyaka kamuva. Kwasithatha isikhathi eside emva kokuba ama-thermometer atholakale ukuze athole umbono wokuthi umzimba kufanele ufudumele kanjani.
Abantu abaningi kwakudingeka bathathe ukushisa kwabo bese bebhalwa ukuze bathole ukuthi kuyini evamile. Futhi, wonke amazinga okushisa kwakudingeka athathwe ngendlela efanayo-isimiso esingazange sibe khona iminyaka eminingi. Ucwaningo lokuqala lokushisa komuntu lwashicilelwa ngo-1868 futhi luhlanganisa ingxoxo yamazinga okushisa ngezifundo ezingaphezu kuka-25 000 ezinezifo ezihlukahlukene. Iningi lamazinga okushisa athathwa ngaphansi kwengalo (midaxillary), indlela engaziwa ngendlela engalungile.
Ngisho nasekuqaleni kweminyaka yokusebenzisa ukushisa njengethuluzi lokuxilonga, odokotela bazi ukuthi iziguli azikwazanga ukuphatha amazinga okushisa aphansi, kodwa isimo sasingenalo igama elifanele. Igama elithi "hypothermia" alizange lishicilelwe kuze kube ngu-1880 futhi lisetshenziselwa ukusho izinto ezihlukene, ekubeni nezandla ezibandayo ukuze "zingabekezele" emakhazeni. Kwakungacacisiwe ngokucacile njengoba odokotela bayayazi namuhla kuze kube sekhulwini lama-20.
Kwakuyaziwa ukuthi i-hypothermia (naphezu kokuba ingabi negama langempela) ingabangelwa ukuvezwa kwemakhaza, futhi indima yokudakwa kotshwala e-hypothermia yatholwa ngokushesha.
Umqondo wokuthi i-hypothermia ingenzeka ngesikhathi sokuhlinzeka ukuqonda okwamanje.
Izimpawu
Izibonakaliso nezimpawu ze-hypothermia zixhomeke ebukhulu besimo. Ekuqaleni, kukhona ukuthuthumela kuphela nokuzwa okungenakuzwakala. Isiguli singase sibe neminwe edumazayo. Njengoba iqhubeka, i-hypothermia ibangela izinkinga ezikhulayo ngamakhono amakhono amakhono, ukukhathala, ukudideka, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, ekugcineni nokufa.
Izimbangela
I-Hypothermia ibangelwa ukulahlekelwa ukushisa okungaphezulu kunokuba umzimba ungakwazi ukukhiqiza. Isizathu esivame kakhulu se-hypothermia sibheke endaweni ebandayo. Ezinye izimbangela noma izinto ezibeka ingozi zihlanganisa ukuhlukunyezwa noma amanxeba okuhlinzwa, ukukhathala nokuphuza utshwala.
Ukuxilongwa
Ukuthola ukuxilongwa kwe-hypothermia kudinga ukuthatha izinga lokushisa elinembile elingaphansi komngcele othize. Ukuhlanganiswa kokushisa kwangempela nezibonakaliso zesiguli kugqiba ukuthi i-hypothermia ibhekwa njengomnene, ngokulinganisela noma enzima.
Ukuvimbela
Ukuvimbela i-hypothermia kudinga ukulondoloza ukushisa okungaphezu kwesiguli esilahlekile esikhumbeni. Ukwelapha i-hypothermia isebenzisa amaqhinga afanayo afana nalawo asetshenziselwa ukuvimbela i-hypothermia, kodwa kubangelwa ukushisa okudluliselwa emzimbeni esikhundleni sokuyeka ukushisa.
Izwi elivela
Ezimweni eziningi, ukuvimbela noma ukwelapha i-hypothermia kungenziwa uma nje isiguli sibonakala sisesimweni esibandayo bese isiguli sisuswe endaweni ebandayo (ingena ngaphakathi ngobusuku obubandayo) noma izinyathelo zokuzivikela zithathwa ukushisa emzimbeni (izingubo zokugqoka, amagilavu, amajackethi, kanye nekomishi ye-cocoa eshisayo).
I-hypothermia emnene ayiyona into enkulu ngaphandle kokuthi ingaqondakali, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ungabi nciphisa i-hypothermia esesilinganisweni noma eqinile. Ukuphikisana kuhle. Kusho ukuthi i-hypothermia isesendaweni emnene futhi ingaba lula. Uma ukuzamazama ukuyeka, kufanele uthathe isinyathelo ngokujulile futhi uthathe izinyathelo zokugcina noma yisiphi ukushisa isiguli esishiye bese uqala inqubo yokuvuselela.
Ukushisa nokomile kungcono kunokushisa nokumanzi. Uma isiguli sigwetshiwe, ulahlekelwa ukushisa ngokuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-25 kunalokho uma esomile. Gwema izingubo ezimanzi. Kungase kubonakale kungenakulinganiswa nokukhipha izingubo ezivela esigulini esibandayo, kepha ukuzitholela izingubo ezimanzi futhi zimbozwe into eyomile kungasindisa impilo yesiguli.
> Imithombo:
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> Brandt, S., Mühlsteff, J., & Imhoff, M. (2012). Ukuxilongwa, ukuvimbela kanye nokwelashwa kwe-hypothermia yengozi kanye neyokusebenza. Biomedizinische Technik / Engineering Engineering , 57 (5). i-doi: 10.1515 / bmt-2012-0016
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