I-Hyperthyroidism (thyrotoxicosis) yisifo esenzeka lapho isikhumba sakho se-thyroid-isikhumba esincane esifana ne-butterfly esise entanyeni yakho-sikhiqiza i-hormone yegciwane elikhulu kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi okubizwa ngokuthi i-thyroid engasebenzi, i-hyperthyroidism ingandisa uketshezi komzimba, okuholela ekulahlekeni kwesisindo, ukunqanda izinwele, ukujuluka, nokuningi. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuwuhlolisisa, futhi ukwelashwa ngokuvamile kuhilela imithi kadokotela, nakuba izigameko ezimbi zingase zivume ukukhishwa kwegazi noma ukukhishwa kwe-thyroid.
Ngokuthola umqondo walokho okuzizwa sengathi unomzimba we-hyperthyroidism, nokuthi lesi sifo sibonakala kanjani futhi siphathwa kanjani, ungethemba ukuthi uzizwa unamandla njengoba uhamba ngohambo lwakho lwe -roid-kusuka ekuxilongweni kuya kubaphathi.
Izimpawu
Uma usebenza ngendlela evamile, i-thyroid yakho isebenzisa iodine yokudla ukuze ikhiqize i-hormone yegciwane. Le hormone ilawula ukuthi izitho zakho, izigulane, amathissi namaseli zisebenzisa i-oxygen namandla. Ngokukhiqizwa ngokweqile, izinqubo emzimbeni wakho "zishesha." Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, inhliziyo yakho iqhuma igazi ngokusheshisa (okwenza inhliziyo ye-racing), futhi ubuchopho bakho buya emanzini amaningi, okwenze kube nzima ukulala.
Ezinye izimpawu ze-hyperthyroidism zihlanganisa:
- Ukukhathazeka kanye / noma ukucasula
- Isisindo sokulahlekelwa ngaphandle kokudliwayo
- Ukuzwa kushisa uma abanye bebanda (ukushisa ukungaboni ngaso sonke isikhathi)
- Ihlaba ngaphezulu kokujwayelekile
- Izinwele zokuqothula nezikhumba ezingavamile
- Ubuthakathaka bemisipha
- I-lump ebonakalayo noma ebonakalayo endaweni yakho yegciwane / intamo (goiter)
Lezi zimpawu, kodwa, ziyisiqephu se-iceberg. Kunezinye izimpawu eziningi, ezinye ezicashile kunabanye, ezingabonisa ukuxilongwa kwe-hyperthyroidism.
Izimbangela
Kunezimo eziningi zezempilo noma izimo ezenza hyperthyroidism .
Isifo se-Graves yisisusa esivame kakhulu, esithinta amaphesenti angaphezu kuka-70 abantu abane-hyperthyroidism.
E-Graves 'isifo, amasosha omzimba wakho akhiqiza ngokungalungile amasosha omzimba, eyaziwa ngokuthi ama-antibodies avuselela i-thyroid (TSI), ehlukumeza isifo sakho se-thyroid, okwenza ukuba i-hormone ye-thyroid igqithise ngokweqile.
Ezinye izimbangela ze-hyperthyroidism zihlanganisa:
- I-goiter ye-multinodular enobuhlungu
- Ukungasebenzi kahle nge-nodule ye-thyroid (okuthiwa i-adenoma ene-toxic)
- I-Thyroiditis: Lesi simo sokuvuvukala singase sibangelwe yizici ezifana nokutheleleka, ukuhlukumezeka, imisebe, noma isikhathi sokuthutha.
- Ukuthatha i-hormone kakhulu ye-thyroid, noma ngokusetshenziswa kwemithi kadokotela noma ukwesekwa
- I-hyodthyroidism e-iodine-ngokweqile
- I-hyperthyroidism yesikhashana esesifo sikaHashimoto
- I-hyperthyroidism esheshayo ye-hyperemesis gravidarum
- I-hyperthyroidism eyenziwa ngamathambo
- I-fetal-neonatal hyperthyroidism
Ukuxilongwa
Ukuxilongwa kwe-hyperthyroidism kuhilela izinyathelo eziningana ezibalulekile.
Ukuhlolwa Kwemitholampilo
Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa komtholampilo, udokotela wakho uzohlola umlando wakho womuntu siqu nomndeni wesifo se-thyroid nesiguli, ubuyekeze izimpawu zakho, futhi uhlole i-thyroid ngesandla. Udokotela uzophinde abheke ezinye izimpawu zomtholampilo ze-hyperthyroidism njengezinga eliphezulu lenhliziyo, i- goiter , ne-reflexes exaggerated, phakathi kwabanye.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kusetshenziselwa ukuxilonga i-hyperthyroidism. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuyinhloko okusetshenziselwa ukuhlolwa kwesifo se-hormone ye-thyroid-stimulating (TSH).
Uma i-thyroid ikhiqiza i-hormone yegciwane elikhulu, izinga le-TSH liphansi.
Udokotela wakho angase futhi ahlele i-thyroxine yamahhala (FT4) noma i-thyroxine index (FTI) yamahhala, ngokuya ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha kanye nemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi lakho le-TSH. Abantu abane-hyperthyroidism bayoba ne-FT4 ephezulu noma i-FTI.
Okunye ukuhlolwa kwegazi udokotela wakho angase oda kuhlanganisa:
- I-Triiodothyronine (T3)
- Ama-antibodies we-thyroid
Ukuhlolwa kokucabanga
I-scan ye -roid ebizwa ngokuthi i-radioactive iodine scan uptake scan (RAI-U) isetshenziselwa ukucacisa imbangela ye-hyperthyroidism yakho (isibonelo, isifo se-Graves ne-toxic multinodular goiter).
Ukwelapha
I-Hyperthyroidism iphathwa ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezintathu ezihlukene:
- Imithi yokwelapha ngezidakamizwa ze-antithyroid
- Ukwehla kwegciwane le-thyroid nge-iodine e-radioactive, eyaziwa njenge-RAI
- Ukuhlinzwa ukukhipha konke noma ingxenye ye-thyroid
Yikuphi ukwelashwa owenzayo kuxhomeke ezintweni eziningana, njengesizathu nesibindi se-hyperthyroidism yakho, ubudala bakho, okuthandayo, nempilo yakho yonke.
Ungase futhi unqunywe uhlobo lomuthi okuthiwa i-beta-blocker ukuze unciphise izinga lenhliziyo yakho futhi unciphise ukuthuthumela noma ukukhathazeka kwakho.
Ukungaphathi izinhlobo eziningi ze-hyperthyroid kungabangela ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungavamile, ukucindezelwa kwegazi, ngisho nokufaka ingozi yokuhlasela kwenhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi, njengengxenye yokucindezeleka okusongela ukuphila okubizwa ngokuthi isiphepho se- thyroid .
Kwezinye izimo, iziguli eziphathwayo zizoxoxwa ngenxa yezidakamizwa ze-antithyroid noma izinguquko zesistimu yomzimba. Noma kunjalo, iningi lamaGrives 'kanye neziguli ze-hyperthyroidism zidinga ukwelashwa kwemithi ye-antithyroid yonke noma enye yezinqubo ezihlala njalo ezibalwe ngenhla.
Izwi elivela
Ulwazi lungamandla. Ngokufunda izinto eziyisisekelo ze-hyperthyroidism, usuvele usisinyathelo esingaphambili kohambo lwakho lwe-thyroid (noma lothandayo).
Nakuba ukuxilongwa kwe-hyperthyroidism kungase kubonakale kunzima kakhulu (kungokwemvelo ukwesaba ngokuthatha imithi emisha noma ukwenza inqubo entsha noma ukuhlinzwa), ngethemba ukuthi ingqondo yakho ikhululekile ukwazi ukuthi lesi sifo siyaphathwa.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Thyroid Association. (2018). I-Hyperthyroidism FAQs .
> Ross DS et al. I-2016 American American Association Association Imihlahlandlela Yokuqapha Nokuphathwa Kwe-Hyperthyroidism Nezinye Izimbangela Ze-Thyrotoxicosis. I-Thyroid . 2016 Okthoba; 26 (10): 1343-1421.