Ukwamukela nokwabelana ngolwazi lwezokwelapha iziguli kubalulekile ekwenzeni okuhle, ukunakekelwa okuphumelelayo. Uma kuziwa ezigulini eziyinkimbinkimbi ezinezimo ezingapheli ezikhona, ukufinyelela emlandweni wabo wezokwelapha kanye namarekhodi omuthi kubaluleke kakhulu. Kunabantu abaningi abathola ukwelashwa ezindaweni eziningi zempilo ezikhethekile. Kungaba ngesithakazelo esifanele isiguli ukuthi lezi zikhungo, ngokuvamile ezinkundleni efanayo, zikwazi ukuxhumana omunye komunye futhi zikwabelana ngolwazi oluhambisana nesiguli.
Nokho, lokhu akuvamile neze.
Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi idatha ye-elektroniki evela emithonjeni eminingi ingaba nzima ukushintshanisa. Ubuchwepheshe obusha obusetshenziswe izinhlangano ezahlukene abuhambisani neze, okuvame ukwenza ukusebenzisana kube yinselelo. Isikhathi esibalulekile nezinsiza zisetshenziselwa ukufeza ukwabelana ngolwazi lwezempilo, kodwa sisenendlela ende yokuhamba. Izindaba ezinhle kwenziwa imizamo yokuthuthukisa okuhlangenwe nakho nokuletha ukunakekelwa okungcono kwezempilo.
Izindlela Ezingenzile Zokusebenzisana Okuthuthukisiwe
Ngonyaka wezi-2015, i-The Pew Eritable Trusts yaxhaswa isifundo esahlola izindlela ezintsha zokufinyelela, ukukhipha nokuhlanganisa idatha yezempilo ye-elektroniki. Ucwaningo oluqhutshwa ngu-Avalere, luhlanganisa ababhalisi bezinsiza ezinhlanu zezokwelapha ezivela ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zokwelapha. Okokuqala, ezinye zezingqinamba ekusebenzisaneni kwedatha zikhonjisiwe: amazinga ahlukahlukene, kunzima ukwabelana phakathi kwamapulatifomu ahlukahlukene kanye nokukhathazeka mayelana nokuphepha kwedatha, ukubiza amagama ambalwa.
Umbiko wokugcina uphakamise ezinye izinto ezintsha ezingasiza ukubhekana nalezi zithiyo. Izincomo zenqubomgomo zibandakanya:
- Ukwakha ikomidi lesigceme sezenhlalakahle, phakathi kwezinye izinto, okuzosebenza ekuthuthukiseni imodeli evamile yedatha yokushintshaniswa kwedatha.
- Ukuthuthukisa amaqembu azohlola nokuvumelanisa imithethonqubo yokuphepha ekhona.
- Ukwakhiwa kwamalungiselelo okwabelana ngokuhlanganyela kanye nokwabelana ngolwazi, nokugqugquzela abathengisi nabokubhalisa abasebenzisa.
- Ukuqondisa ngokusemthethweni ikhono lokuthumela idatha kubhalisiwe bokudatha kwedatha yangaphandle.
Muva nje, ochwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe bezempilo batusa ukuthi ubuchwepheshe be-blockchain bungathuthukisa ukusebenzisana. Lolu buchwepheshe lunikeza ukudluliswa kwedatha okulula phakathi kwezinhlangano ezahlukene ezingenaso isidingo sokuqinisekisa okwesithathu. Kodwa-ke, kuzodingeka ukuhlela okuningi ngaphambi kokuba izinto ezintsha ze-blockchain zisetshenziswe ohlelweni lwethu lokunakekela impilo. Okwamanje, idatha yesiguli iscono kakhulu egcinwe efwini.
Izinkampanini eziQinisekisa ukuHlanganiswa kokuHlanganisa
Ezinye izinkampani sezivele zinikeza izixazululo ezingezansi ezingahle zithuthukise ukusebenzisana kwedatha futhi, ngenxa yalokho, zithuthukise ukunakekelwa kweziguli kanye nokwenza izinqumo zokwelashwa. Enye inkampani enjalo ingu-3M-inkampani yomhlaba wonke onomsebenzi osebenza isayensi ezinkingeni ezahlukene zenhlangano. I-3M yenzelwe indlela ehumusha futhi ihambise idatha yesiguli, igcina amazinga wesigama, ifanisa idatha futhi yenza kube lula ukufinyelela kwedatha. Inqubo yayo yokwakha izakhiwo (SOA) izama ukudala idatha enenjongo, esebenzayo futhi isebenze kuzo zonke izinhlelo ezahlukene.
I-Validic ingenye isibonelo senkampani esebenza ekufinyeleleni nasekuhlanganisweni kwedatha. Ipulatifomu yetheksthi layo elisekelwe efwini lisebenza njengesibhuloho phakathi kwedatha eqoshiwe nesiguli esibhedlela. Iziguli ezisebenzisa izicelo zezempilo, amadivaysi emitholampilo kanye nezingubo zokugqoka manje zingabelana kalula ngolwazi lwabo nomhlinzeki wezempilo. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukufinyeleleka nokubandakanyeka kwesineke futhi kusiza ukuxazulula inselele yokuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe bezempilo mobile.
U-Validic, ocatshangelwa yipulatifomu yedijithali ehamba phambili yomhlaba, ukhonza amakhasimende angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-160 emazweni angu-47 futhi anikezelwe ekukhuleni okuqhubekayo.
Ngonyaka ka-2015, uValidic wamemezela ukubambisana noHigi, inkampani eyakha inethiwekhi yomphakathi ye-kiosk network. Ukubambisana kweqhinga kwanikeza ithuba lemibuthano yokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuze kufinyelele echibini lemininingwane ehlukene kakhulu futhi elisebenzayo. Isibonelo, uhlelo lokusebenza lukaValidic luhlinzeka ngokusekela ukuqinisekiswa nokuthola idatha ye-biometric (ukucindezeleka kwegazi, ukushaywa kwegazi kanye ne-BMI) etholakala iziteshi zikaHigi ezise-pharmacy ehlukahlukene nezitolo zokudla. I-Validic iphinde ihlanganyele nezinye izinkampani, kuhlanganise nabakwa-Partners Connected Health. Inhloso yalokhu kubambisana ukuletha idatha kusuka kwizingubo zokugqoka kanye namadivayisi asekhaya emisebenzini yokusebenza emitholampilo bese uyenzela izinhlelo zokunakekelwa kweziguli.
Abathengisi basekela ukusebenzisana
Uma kuziwa ekusebenziseni ukusebenzisana, ukungqubuzana phakathi kwamarekhodi ezempilo kagesi (EHR) omthengisi nomphakathi futhi ngokuvamile uhulumeni uyaqaphela. Ihhovisi le-National Coordinator for Health IT (i-ONC) liye labona ukuthi umkhakha ozimele ungase ube "nolwazi lokuvimbela." Ucwaningo lwango-2017 oluqhutshwa yiNyuvesi yaseMichigan Schools of Information kanye neMpilo Yomphakathi nalo lubonise ukuthi ukuvimbela ulwazi kuqhubeka inselele kazwelonke. Kodwa-ke, abanye abathengisi baye babonisa indlela esebenzayo yokuxazulula izinselele zokusebenzisana.
Isibonelo, ngesikhathi se-2015KLAS Keystone Summit e-Utah, abathengisi bathatha izinyathelo zokuthuthukisa ukusebenzisana kwedatha yezempilo. Izinkampani ezithengisayo ezingu-12 EHR, kuhlanganise athenahealth, Cerner, Epic noMcKesson, bavumile ukulinganisa ukusebenzisana ngokusebenzisa ithuluzi lokulinganisa inhloso bese bebika eWashington njalo. Ukusebenzisana kwalinganiswa ngezindlela ezimbili: ukubalwa kokuthengiselana kanye nolwazi lwabahlengikazi. Ngo-2017, i-KLAS yakhiqiza umbiko wokusebenzisana owabonisa ukungalingani ekunakekelweni kwezempilo kabili ngonyaka, kusuka kumaphesenti angu-6 ukuya ku-14%. I-Epic ne-athenahealth ibhekwe njengabadayisi abangcono kakhulu ngokubambisana. Lo mbiko waphetha ngokuthi inqubekelaphambili kancane kancane, kodwa, okulindelwe ngabanikezeli akukafinyelelwanga okwamanje.
Ucwaningo lwamazwe ngamazwe angu-13 asevele alusebenzisa uhlelo lonke lwe-EHR lithole ukuthi ukubandakanyeka kwabathengisi abayimfihlo akunakugwemeka futhi kubhalwe cishe kuzo zonke izigaba zomjikelezo wokuthuthukiswa. Ukuvumelana phakathi kwabadayisi kuzokwenza ukuthi ulwazi lusetshenziswe ngokucacile futhi luzosiza imizamo yokusebenzisana esikhathini esizayo. Kubonakala sengathi umkhakha wangasese uqala uhlobo lokuzilawula-bavulekile ukusebenza eduze nohulumeni-kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, abafuni ukulawulwa.
> Imithombo
> Adler-Milstein J, Pfeifer E. Ukuvimbela Ulwazi: Ingabe Kuyenzeka Futhi Yiziphi Izinqubo Zenqubomgomo Ezingayikhetha? . I-Milbank Quarterly . 2017; 95 (1): 117-135
> Batra U, Sachdeva S, Mukherjee S. Ukusebenzisa ukusebenzisana kwezempilo ngokusebenzisa i-SOA kanye ne-agent yokushintshanisa idatha. Inqubomgomo Yempilo Nezobuchwepheshe , 2015; 4 (3): 241-255
> Engelhardt M. Hitching Ukunakekelwa Kwezempilo Kuhlelo: Isingeniso se-Blockchain Technology kuMkhakha wezeMpilo . Ukubukezwa kobuchwepheshe be-Technology, 2017; 7 (10): 22-34.
> Fragidis L, Chatzoglou P. Ukuthuthukiswa Kwerekhoda Yempilo Yomhlaba Yonke Yezwe (ΝEHR): Ucwaningo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Inqubomgomo Yempilo Nezobuchwepheshe . 2017; 6 (2): 124-133.
> Gaynor M, Yu F, Andrus C, Bradner S, Rawn J. Uhlaka olubanzi lokusebenzisana nezicelo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Inqubomgomo Yempilo Nezobuchwepheshe . 2014; 3 (1): 3-12