Ukusetshenziswa Kwesikhathi Eside Kakhulu Kwe-Prednisone Noma Eminye I-Steroids Kungase Iholele Ekubhekaneni Nesifo Sezulu
Imithi ye-steroid, kuhlanganise ne- prednisone , ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukwelapha isifo sofuba esiswini (IBD) . Umphumela owodwa we- prednisone ongase uvele ngamanani aphezulu noma ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside ukuthuthukiswa kwezidakamizwa.
Ngokuvamile ama-cataracts acatshangwa njengesimo sabantu asebekhulile. Kodwa-ke, ama-steroids angabangela izidakamizwa ukuthuthukisa kubantu abasha. Ngokungafani neminye imiphumela emibi, njengobuso obubonakalayo "ukukhokha," ukukhula kwenkanuko, ukukhula kwezinwele, nama-acne, i-cataract ngeke iphumelele ngemva kokwelashwa kwe-steroid.
Kodwa-ke, uma isilinganiso se-steroid sinciphile noma sinqanyuliwe, i-cataract ekhona ingase ingatholi nkulu.
I-cataracts inenhlanhla kakhulu yokwelashwa. Akuwona wonke umuntu odinga i-steroids ezokwakha i-cataracts. Lesi sici esibi se-steroids siyaziwa kakhulu, noma kunjalo, futhi noma ubani othatha lezi zidakamizwa kufanele abone udokotela weso njalo.
Sibutsetelo
Esikhathini sabantu abaningi base-United States, kulinganiselwa ukuthi abantu abangu-31% abaneminyaka engama-65 no-74 ubudala, nabangu-53% wabantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-75 ubudala, okungenani bane-cataract eyodwa. I-cataract yangasese ingenzeka ezinsana (ngezinga lika-10 000 ngonyaka), kodwa ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukutheleleka, noma ukusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa noma utshwala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Ngemuva kokukhanya kudlula umfundi, ubona i-lens, equkethe ikakhulukazi amanzi namaprotheni. I-lens isebenza kakhulu njengekhamera, igxilise ukukhanya ku-retina.
I-lens iso lakho lingashintsha isimo sokugxila ezintweni eziseduze noma ezikude. Phakathi nenqubo evamile yokuguga, amanye ama-protein ase-lens angase ahlangane ndawonye, okwenza indawo ye-opacity - i-cataract. Indawo izoba yikhulu futhi ivuleke isikhathi esiningi, ihlanganise i-lens futhi yenza kube nzima ukubona.
Izinhlobo
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu ze-cataracts : i-nuclear, cortical, ne-posterior subcapsular. I-prrednisone, noma ngomlomo noma emaceleni amaconsi, ingabangela i-posterior subatars cataracts.
- Inyukliya: Lolu hlobo lwe-cataract luya kancane kancane, luvame kakhulu kubantu asebekhulile, futhi lunikeza iso elithambile.
- Cortical: Lolu hlobo lwe-cataract luvame kubantu abanesifo sikashukela. Ama-cortic acid e-cortical e-lens cortex, futhi ekugcineni aphuma ngaphandle njengamazwi esondo.
- I-subcapsular engaphansi: Lolu hlobo lwe-cataract lungabangelwa ukulinganisa okuphezulu noma ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwe-prednisone, ubude obukhulu kakhulu, kanye ne-retinitis pigmentosa. Loluhlobo lwezinhlobo ze-cataract ngemuva kwe-lens, futhi izimpawu zivame ukukhula ngokushesha (ezinyangeni, kunezinyanga). Njengoba ukukhanya kudlula engxenyeni ngemuva kwe-lens nge-cataract, ihlakazekile kunokuba igxile. Umuntu one-cataract ye-posterior subcapsular yokuqala angase abe nenkinga enkulu ukubona izinto eziseduze.
Izimpawu
Izimpawu ze-cataracts zifaka:
- Umbono ogqamile
- Imibala (ikakhulukazi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) ibonakala iphelile
- Kunzima ukubona emakamelweni akhanyayo noma amancane
- Umbono kabili
- Ifilimu ngaphezulu kombono (okufana nokubuka umoya omsulwa)
- Ukuguqulwa kwesiguli sesigceme njalo
- Ukwandiswa kwezinto eziseduze
- Ukubona i-halos ezungeze izibani
- Umbono webusuku owehlisiwe
Izingozi Zezingozi
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-prednisone, okulawulwa ngokwezinga eliphakeme noma isikhathi eside, kuyisici esingozini yokubhebhetheka. Kodwa-ke, kunezinye izici eziningana ezingozini, kuhlanganise nobudala, ukuhlinzwa kwangaphambili noma ukuhlukunyezwa, izimo ezingapheli, nemithi ethile.
Izimo ezingapheli ezithwala ingozi:
- Isifo sikashukela
- I-Down syndrome
- Galactosemia
- I-arthritis ye-rhinotic arthritis
- I-dystrophy yama-muscular
- I-myotonic dystrophy
- Retinitis pigmentosa
- Uveitis
- Isifo sikaWilson
Imithi engayandisa ingozi ye-cataracts ihlanganisa:
- I-Amiodarone (i-antiarrhythmic)
- I-Chlorpromazine (yokudambisa)
- I-Lovastatin (i-cholesterol-ehlisa izidakamizwa)
- I-Phenytoin (i-antiseizure)
Ayikho imithi eyaziwa ukuvimbela i-cataracts. Kodwa-ke, kucatshangwa ukuthi ukudla okuphezulu kuma-antioxidants (i-beta-carotene, i-vitamin C, ne-vitamin E) kungasiza ekuvimbeleni i-cataracts, kanye nezinye izimo zezempilo. Ukukhanya kwe-Ultraviolet yinto eyaziwayo engozini; gqoka izibuko zokukhanya noma isigqoko esinomgqomo ukuze unciphise ukuchayeka. Ukuhlukunyezwa kweso kuyisici esiyingozi; gqoka izingubo zokuzivikela lapho uhlanganyela emisebenzini lapho ukulimala kweso kunokwenzeka khona.
Ukwelapha
Esikhathini sokuqala se-cataract, amehlo angathuthukiswa ngokusebenzisa ukukhanya kwamaglasi, ukukhanyisa okufanelekile, nokukhanya kwesikhala sokufunda noma omunye umsebenzi oseduze. Kodwa-ke, uma i-cataract iqhubekela phambili lapho imisebenzi yansuku zonke iba nzima, ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka. Ngenhlanhla, ukuhlinzeka nge-cataract kuvamile futhi kuphephile, kanti iziguli eziningi zibika amehlo okuthuthukisiwe nekhwalithi yokuphila ngemva kwalokho.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezahlukene zokuhlinzwa kwe-cataract: i- phacoemulsification ne- extracapsular . Ekuhlinzekeni kwe-phacoemulsification, i-probe encane ephuma emazayeni e-ultrasound efakwa ebusweni ngokusebenzisa i-incision. Amagagasi e-ultrasound enza ukuba i-cataract ihluke zibe yizicucu, ezithathwe kude naso.
Ekuhlinzekeni kwe-cataract extracapsular, i-lens ene-cataract isusiwe esweni futhi ishintshwe nge-lens intraocular yokufakelwa. I-lens yokufakelwa ibukeka futhi izwa evamile, nakuba ingeke ishintshe ukuma njenge-lens yemvelo. Abantu abane-lens intraocular bayodinga izibuko zokufunda noma ukuvala umsebenzi.
Imithombo:
I-AA Jobling, i-Augusteyn RC. "Yini ebangelwa ukubhekwa kwesifo se-steroid? Ukubuyekezwa kwe-steroid post-subcarsular cataracts." I-Clin Exp Optom Mar 2002. 2; 61-75.
Li J, Tripathi RC, Tripathi BJ. "Ukuphazamiseka Kwe-Ocular-Induced Disorders". Ukuphepha kwezidakamizwa 2008. 2; 127-141.
I-Prouix AA. "Ingabe ama-steroids enza ukuthi abantu bangaboni? I-Parkhurst Exchange ngo-2009.
I-Ryskulova A, iTurczyn K, Makuc D, Janiszewski R. "I-Self-Reported Eye-Related Eye Izifo kanye Nokukhubazeka Okubonakalayo e-United States: Umphumela we-2002 wezeMpilo kaZwelonke we-Health Survey Am J Ngomphakathi ka-2008 kuMashi; 98: 454-461.