Ukumpontshelwa igazi kuyadingeka lapho umuntu ephansi emangqamuzana egazi abomvu noma kwezinye izingxenye zegazi, njengeplatelet - amaphakheji amancane wezinto ezisiza igazi ukuba livalwe uma kulimala.
Lawa maseli wegazi kanye nezingxenye zegazi kungenzeka ukuthi aphansi kunokwejwayelekile ngezizathu ezihlukahlukene ezigulini zomdlavuza . Uma unomdlavuza wegazi - njenge-leukemia, i-lymphoma noma i-myeloma - cishe uzothola ukumpontshelwa kwegazi nemikhiqizo yegazi ngesikhathi ukwelashwa kwakho.
Izibalo Eziphansi Ngenxa Ye-Malignancy
Ezingqungqutheleni ezithinta umnkantsha wamathambo , ukukhiqizwa okuvamile kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu, amaseli amhlophe egazi, nama-platelets ngokuvamile kuyancipha. Umnkantsha wakho usefana nefektri, okhiqiza amangqamuzana egazi amasha ngaso sonke isikhathi. Uma umdlavuza ukhula emnothweni wezintambo ukhala ngamaseli anempilo, lokhu kubangela ukubalwa kwamaseli aphansi ngaphandle kokusakaza kwegazi. Ezimweni eziningi, iziguli zomdlavuza wegazi zinezibalo ezingaphansi kwefoni ngaphambi kokuba ziqale ukwelashwa kwesifo sabo.
Izibalo Eziphansi Ngenxa Yokwelapha
Ukwelapha okunjenge-chemotherapy kanye nomswakama kungabangela ukwehla kwamanani e-cell cell. Imithi yokwelapha yokulondoloza impilo ehlose ukuhlukanisa ngokushesha amaseli omdlavuza ngokuvamile nawo athinte amangqamuzana anempilo. Ngakho-ke, ngenkathi ukwelashwa kubulala amangqamuzana e-leukemia noma i-lymphoma emnkantsheni wakho, kubuye kuphazamise amaseli enempilo, okwenza igazi emangeni lomthambo. Ukulandela ukwelashwa komdlavuza wegazi lakho, izibalo zakho ze-cell cells zingase zibe ziphansi amasonto amaningana.
Imiphumela Yezinombolo Eziphansi
Ukuntuleka kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu okwanele, noma i-anemia, kunciphisa ikhono lomzimba lokuletha oksijini ezithombeni nasezicukwaneni ezidinga. Umzimba ujabulisa ukukhokhela i-anemia kuze kufike iphuzu, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi isinxephezelo akuyona into enhle ngesiguli somdlavuza. Ukwengeza, ukubalwa kweplatelet ephansi, noma i- thrombocytopenia , kungenza kube nzima emzimbeni wakho ukuyeka ukuphuma uma uqala.
Ukunciphisa amangqamuzana amhlophe wegazi kubalwa kungabangela ingozi yokutheleleka.
Izinkinga ezivela kuma-platelet aphansi namaseli abomvu asemasimini angavinjelwa ngokukhipha igazi noma ukumpontshelwa igazi. Eqinisweni, ukumpontshelwa igazi kungasindisa ukuphila.
Ukuthutha
Ukumpontshelwa igazi eNyakatho Melika futhi amazwe amaningi aphephile kakhulu. Igazi elinikeziwe lihlolwe futhi lihlolwe izifo eziningi ezithathelwanayo ngaphambi kokuthi zinikezwe iziguli. Nokho, akunakwenzeka ngalesi sikhathi ukusho ukumpontshelwa igazi akunazo izingozi. Phakathi neminyaka, ososayensi baye bafika ngamasu amasha wokuhlola ukuthuthukisa ukutholakala kwama-virus egazini elizinikele.
Kukhona futhi ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi unomphumela wokumpompela igazi. Izimpawu zempendulo yokumpontshelwa yizi:
- Umkhuhlane, amahlumela
- Ukuphelelwa umoya
- Izimpawu zohlobo lwe-allergic ezinjengezinsalela, noma ukushaya
- Ubuhlungu ezinhlangothini noma emuva
- Ubuhlungu kwi-IV ukumiswa kwesayithi
- Umchamo omnyama noma obomvu
- I-nausea nokuhlanza
- Ubuhlungu besifuba
Ngenkathi ezinye izimpendulo zokumpompela ziphila isikhathi esifushane futhi ziphathwa kalula, ezinye zingaba sína kakhulu noma zisongela ukuphila. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kubalulekile ukuvumela umhlengikazi wakho ukuba azi uma uzwa "uhlukile" noma "uyinqaba" ngesikhathi uphelelwa igazi, ngisho noma kubonakala kungenalutho noma awukwazi ukubeka umunwe wakho kulokho okushintshile.
Isiphetho
Ngenxa yomsongo we-bone lomdlavuza, noma ukwelashwa kwalowo mdlavuza, cishe wonke amagciwane e-leukemia, i-lymphoma, ne-myeloma kuzodinga ukumpontshelwa ngegazi ngandlela-thile ohambweni lwabo. Ngenkathi ingozi yokuthola isifo ekumpompheni kwegazi ayincane emazweni amaningi athuthukile, ukumpontshelwa igazi akuyona ingozi ngokuphelele. Ngokwesibonelo, ukumpontshelwa ngokuphindaphindiwe kungaholela enqwabeni yensimbi - isimo esingaphatha. Ezimweni eziningi, noma kunjalo, ukuzuza kokuthola umkhiqizo wegazi ozinikele kunaphezu kweengozi. Uma unenkinga noma imibuzo mayelana nokumpontshelwa igazi esimweni sakho esithile, cela udokotela wakho.
Kubuyekezwe ngoMashi 2016, TI.
Imithombo
Rohde JM, Dimcheff DE, Blumberg N, et al. Ukwelashwa Okunakekelwa KwezeMpilo Ngemva kokudluliswa kwe-Red Blood Cell: Ukubuyekezwa Okuhlelekile nokuhlaziywa kweMeta. I-JAMA. 2014; 311 (13): 1317-1326.
I-Gobel, B. Ukukhipha. EYarbro, C., Frogge, M., Goodman, M., Groenwald, S. (eds). (2000). Ubunakekeli beCancer: Izimiso nokuzijwayeza 5th ed. UJones noBarlett: MA. iphe. 709-737.
Tonelli M, Hemmelgarn B, Reiman T, et al. Izinzuzo nezingozi ze-erythropoiesis-ezivuselela ama-agent we-anemia ahlobene nomdlavuza: ukuhlaziywa kwe-meta. I-CMAJ: I-Canada Medical Association Journal. 2009; 180 (11): E62-E71.