"Umhlengikazi" igama elivamile elihlanganisa izinhlobo eziningi zemithwalo yemfanelo yokwelashwa. Abahlengikazi benza imisebenzi ehlukahlukene futhi batholakala cishe kuzo zonke izikhungo zezokwelapha, kusukela emahhovisi odokotela kuya ezibhedlela kuya emakhaya asebekhulile nabanye.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwenziwa phakathi kwezinhlobo eziningana zabahlengikazi ngokusho kwemfundo yabo kanye nokugxila kwabo. Bonke basebenzelana neziguli kanye nemithwalo yabo yemfanelo kuvame ukusekelwe enani lemfundo abanayo.
Izinhlobo ezahlukene zabahlengikazi
I-LPNs - Abahlengikazi Abasebenzayo Abanikezwe Ilayisense, ebizwa nangokuthi i-LVNs - Abahlengikazi abaqeqeshiwe abanelayisensi : I- LPNs kanye ne-LVNs bafunda unyaka owengeziwe ngaphesheya kwesikole esiphakeme futhi bavunyelwe yi-state abasebenza kuyo. Iziguli zizohlangana nama-LPN athatha imlando yezokwelapha, izimpawu zokuqopha, isisindo nokulinganisa, ngisho ukunikeza injection . Ama-LPN avame ukuqondiswa yi-RN kodwa angaqondiswa ngqo odokotela.
Ama-RN - Abahlengikazi Abhalisiwe: Abahlengikazi Abhalisiwe bangaba neminyaka emibili, izihlobo ezihlangene, noma kungenzeka ukuthi baqede i-bachelor degree (BSRN) yeminyaka emine. Kumele badlule ukuhlolwa kwezwe ngaphambi kokuba balayisenswe. Imithwalo yabo yemfanelo iyabanzi njengoba inokuqeqeshwa okujulile kokuqeqesha.
Iziguli zingathola ukuthola usizo lwe-RN ngezici zezokwelapha ezengeziwe zokunakekelwa kwazo, njengokuphatha ezinye zokwelashwa, ukuzisiza ukuphatha izinhlelo zabo zokwelashwa, ngisho nokuchaza ulwazi lwezokwelapha noma amasu okuvimbela, noma ukuxhumanisa ukunakekelwa nemindeni yabo.
Ama-RN angakhetha ukwandisa izifundo zabo nemisebenzi ezindaweni ezikhethekile. Bangase babe yi-CRNAs (abahlengikazi abahlengikazi ababhalisiwe abaqinisekisiwe) noma ngokukhethekile emasimini afana ne-cardiology, i-oncology, i-pediatrics noma ngisho nezibikezelo. Bangase banqume nokuba yi-NPs.
I-NPs - Abahlengikazi Abahlengikazi: Abahlengikazi Abahlengikazi, ababizwa nangokuthi "Abahlengikazi Basemaphandleni Okuthuthukisiwe (ANP) ngokuvamile bafundiswa kakhulu ngabahlengikazi.
Ngaphezu kweziganga zabo zokubeletha ekunakekeleni, nabo bathola i-master degree, ngokuvamile bebuchwepheshe njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla. (Qaphela: ezinye ze-NPs zakuqala azidingeki zibe namazinga aphambili. Ngokuya ngesimo abahlala kuzo futhi basebenze, kungenzeka ukuthi "bazalwa" lapho ilayisensi iqala ukusebenza.)
Umehluko Phakathi kwama-RN kanye nama-NPs
Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwama-RN kanye nama-NP yizinga lokuzimela i-NP inikwe. Ngenkathi ama-NP adingeka ukuthi asebenze ngaphansi kwezigameko zodokotela, emazweni amaningi, ama-NP angase ahlolisise futhi aphathe iziguli endaweni emele, ngaphandle kokuqapha kwendokotela njalo.
Uma zikhona izifo ezitholayo futhi zelashwa esikhundleni sodokotela, zibizwa ngokuthi abadokotela . Bangabhala imiyalelo, basebenzise izivivinyo zezokwelapha; Ngamafuphi, banikeza ukunakekelwa okuyisisekelo ezigulini ezinezifo ezivamile njengemikhuhlane noma umkhuhlane noma iziqhumane, noma zinikeze ukunakekelwa kwesondlo sikashukela noma iziguli zenhliziyo, ukukhulula odokotela abaningi abafundele ukugxila ezifweni nezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi.
Kukhona ukungavumelani mayelana nokuthi ngabe ama-NPs kufanele yini abe nelayisense ukwenza imisebenzi eminingi abayenzayo. Abantu abaningi bayokutshela ukuthi ukwandisa inani lama-NP kuzosiza ekuxazululeni inkinga yokunakekelwa okuyisisekelo e-United States.
I-American Medical Association ithi i-NPs inokuzimela okuningi futhi ingabangela izinkinga ezigulini ezidinga izinga eliphakeme lobuchwepheshe. Ama-NP azophikisana ngokuthi aqeqeshiwe futhi ahloniphe izimo zesikhashana ukwazi uma isiguli sidinga ukudluliselwa kudokotela noma ochwepheshe.
Kepha thina iziguli, ukwazi umehluko phakathi kwabahlengikazi kusisiza ukuba sithole ukuthi ubani ongasinika iseluleko esihle nenkonzo yezinkinga zezokwelapha esibhekana nazo.