Ucwaningo olusha, olwesekelwa yiNational Cancer Institute (NCI), lithole ukuthi abesifazane, abanamabhodlela ashubile, bangazuza emasu okuhlola okungagcini ekulandeleni umonakalo ongeyena ongenamaphesenti engeziwe njenge-ultrasound, i-PET scan noma i-MRI. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ukuhlelwa kahle komuntu wesifazane othuthukisa umdlavuza webele ngemva kokuba nomswakama omubi, nangaphambi kokumama kwakhe okulandelayo, amasu okuhlola okucabangayo nezinye izinto ezinobungozi ezifana nobudala, ubuhlanga, umlando womndeni kanye nomlando wesifuba i-biopsies yomdlavuza.
Amabele anenhlanganisela yezicubu ezinamafutha nezigcoba nezicubu ezinamafutha. Amabele akho acatshangwa kakhulu uma ungenalo amanoni amanengi, kanti amabele akho anezicubu eziningi ezinamafutha. Indlela kuphela ongayazi ngayo isifuba sakho sesifuba ukuthi ngabe unesimmogram. I-radiologist kuphela enganquma ukuqina kwesifuba sakho. Awunakuzwa. Amabele aqinile awasho amabele aminyene.
Kunezigaba ezine ezisetshenziselwa ukuchaza ubuningi bebele:
- Amabele okungenani aminyene cishe cishe zonke izicubu ezinamafutha
- Amabele ahlakaze izindawo ze-fibroglandular
- Amabele anobuningi obukhulu
- Amabele okuba cishe zonke izicubu ezinamahloni futhi ezinamafutha anezinhlamvu ezinamafutha.
Amabele anamandla angenza umtholampilo ube nzima nakakhulu emzimbeni. Noma kunjalo, izilwane ezincane zicatshangwa ukuthi iyithuluzi lokuhlola lokuzikhethela kulabo besifazane abanamathumba anamanzi. Noma kunini lapho kunokwenzeka, owesifazane onezibilini ezinomsoco kufanele abe ne-digital mammogram njengoba idijithali iboniswe ukuthi iyithuluzi lokuhlola eliphumelelayo kunokwendabuko yefilimu yempi.
Amabele anamandla abonakala emammograms njengamhlophe, futhi, ngaleyo ndlela angakwazi ukufihla isisu, ngoba umdlavuza ubonakala unomhlophe. Ngakho-ke kuhlolwa okungeziwe kunikezwa ukulawula noma yimuphi umdlavuza ongakutholanga kumammogram.
Amaqebelengwane amabi ajwayelekile. Cishe ingxenye yengxenyekazi yabesifazane abanama-mammograms anezifuba ezinomsoco. Amabele aminyene avame kakhulu kubantu besifazane abasebasha, nabesifazane abathatha ukwelashwa kwe-hormone ukukhulula izimpawu nezimpawu zokuya esikhathini.
Amabele anamandla kuthathwa njengengozi ekhulayo yomdlavuza webele. Ukuphakama kwesifuba esiphakeme ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukutholakala okungamanga embukisweni wokuhlola.
Ukukhathazeka ngengozi yokwanda komdlavuza wesifuba kwabesifazane abanezibilini ezinomsoco kuye kwabangela ukuthi izifunda ezingu-22 zibe nomthetho oyala odokotela ukuthi bazise abesifazane uma banezinyosi ezinomsoco, futhi baxoxisane ngokuthi babe nemifanekiso eyengeziwe njenge-MRI, i-PET, noma i-ultrasound elandela ubukhulu bemvelo . I-Congress okwamanje icabangela ukwenza umthetho ofanayo.
Ngenkathi izithombe ezingeziwe zingathola amakhemikhali esifuba aphuthelwe kumammography, lezi zinqubo zokucabanga zingabangela imiphumela eningi enamanga amanga. Amaphutha amanga adinga ukuba nezinqubo eziningi, ezihlanganisa ubuhlungu nokukhathazeka kwezinto eziphilayo ezingadingekile.
Ucwaningo oluholwa nguKarla Kerlikowske, MD, weYunivesithi yaseCalifornia, eSan Francisco, lanyatheliswa ku- Annals of Internal Medicine .
Idatha esetshenziswe kulolu cwaningo yavela kuma-365,000 abesifazane abaneminyaka engama-40 kuya kwengu-74 ku-Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium (BCSC), uhlelo oluxhaswe nge-NCI. Ingozi yomdlavuza wesifuba waminyaka emihlanu yowesifazane ngamunye ucabangisisa ngesifuba, iminyaka, ubuhlanga, umlando womndeni wesifo somdlavuza webele, nomlando wakhe wezinyosi zesifuba ukulinganisa ingozi yomdlavuza webele eminyakeni emihlanu elandelayo.
Abacwaningi bathola ukuthi cishe amaphesenti angama-47 abesifazane besinezifuba ezinomsoco. Laba besifazane abasengozini enkulu yokuthola umdlavuza phakathi kwamammograms yilabo abanamaphesenti angama-75 amathisamu abo esifubeni babheka izicubu ezincane.
I-calculator engozini ye-BCSC iklanyelwe njengethuluzi lokusiza izinqumo zokwelashwa. Abahlinzeki bokunakekelwa ngokuyinhloko bangabala ingozi yomdlavuza webele waminyaka emihlanu basebenzise umbala wokubala engozini futhi basebenzise lolu lwazi ezingxoxweni zabo mayelana nezindlela zokufaka izicelo zokuxhaswa noma zokunye okuhlukile kubesifazane abanamathumba anamanzi. I-calculator engozini ingasetshenziselwa ukuqhathanisa ingozi yomfazi oyedwa ngokulingana nengozi ejwayelekile yowesifazane oneminyaka efanayo nobuhlanga.
"Lolu cwaningo luyisibonelo esihle sokusebenzisa ulwazi ngokuhlakanipha ukuze uhlele ukulinganisa," kusho uStephen Taplin, MD, MPH, weCNI's Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences.
Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yocwaningo, uDkt. Kerlikowske uthe, "Akunangqondo kubo bonke abesifazane abanobuhlungu obukhulu ukuze bathole ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe."
Imithombo: I-National Cancer Institute, kanye ne- Annals of Internal Medicine