Okudingayo ukwazi ngalesi sifo sokukhulula ubuhlungu
Kuzo zonke izidakamizwa ezisetshenziselwa ukuphatha ubuhlungu, i-morphine sulfate mhlawumbe ihlukumezeka kakhulu futhi iyamesaba kakhulu. Ngokujwayelekile esetshenziselwa izifo zokunakekelwa kwezifo zokubeletha kanye nokunakekelwa kokunakekelwa kwezifo ukuze baphathe iziguli eziseduze nokuphela kokuphila kwazo, lesi sihloko sihlola ukuthi kungani futhi ukusebenzisa i-morphine yamanzi ekugcineni kokuphila, kanye ne-morphine kwezinye izinhlobo, nemiphumela emibi lesi sidakamizwa sokukhulula ubuhlungu.
Ukusetshenziswa
Ekunakekelweni okunamandla kanye nezilungiselelo zokwelapha, i-morphine ivame ukubhekwa njenge "izinga legolide" lemithi yobuhlungu ngoba ngokuvamile isebenzisa ubuhlungu ngokuphumelelayo futhi ngokuvamile ibekezelela iziguli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-morphine ngokuvamile iyabiza futhi iyatholakala kalula ezindaweni eziningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-morphine ibuye isebenze ekwelapheni i- dyspnea , noma ukuphefumula, okunye iziguli ezingase zithole ngenxa yokugula / isifo.
Okuqhamuka uma udla imishanguzo
Njengoba kuphawuliwe ngenhla, i-morphine ngokuvamile ivame ukubekezelela iziguli, kodwa izidakamizwa zingabangela nemiphumela emibi kakhulu, ngisho nangokwengeziwe. Eminye imiphumela emibi engaba khona ye-morphine ihlanganisa:
- Ukuqokwa
- Uhudo
- Isizungu
- Ukulala
- Izwa izinwele ezikhanyayo
- U pset esiswini
- Ukuvota
Ngenxa yemiphumela emibi ye-morphine, kufanele utshele umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo mayelana nanoma iyiphi noma zonke lezi zimpawu uma othandekayo wakho ethola le mithi ukunciphisa ubuhlungu bakhe.
Ezinye ze-side effects ze-morphine zinganciphisa ezinye izifo, njengokusebenzisa imithi yokulwa nesicanshu ngenxa yokucabangela nokuhlanza, noma isilula sokusiphazela.
Yonke imiphumela emibi kakhulu yokusetshenziswa kwe-morphine kufanele ibikwe kudokotela wakho masinyane, njenge:
- Ukuphefumula okuphansi, okujulile noma okungavamile
- Umbala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma obomvu kusikhumba
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okusheshayo
- Ukuzizwa
- Ama-Hallucinations (ukubona izinto noma amazwi okuzwa engekho)
- Umbono ophundlekile
- Ukuphelelwa amandla
- I-Hives
- Rash
- Itching
- Ukuqina emqaleni
- Kunzima ukugwinya
- Ukuvuvukala kwezingalo, izandla, izinyawo, izinyawo, noma imilenze ephansi
Ukuphatha
I-Morphine ivela ngezindlela eziningana, kufaka phakathi ifomu le-liquid noma ithebhulethi, okwenza kube izidakamizwa ezikhululekayo zokuzikhethela ezimweni eziningi zokuphela kokuphila. Izinhlobo ze-morphine zingabandakanya:
I-Oral Morphine Solutions
Izixazululo ze-moraline zomsindo (liquid) zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela nezilungiselelo zokugula ngoba kulula ukuphatha. I-Morphine ingagxila ukuze ihlinzekwe ukulinganisa okukhulu kwemithi besebenzisa amancane amakhemikhali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye iziguli ezingakwazi ukugwinya amaphilisi ngenxa yokugula noma ukunciphisa izinga lokuzizwa , noma ngenxa yemiphumela emibi engafaneleka, ingavame ukubekezelela inani elincane legazi elidingekayo ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu babo kanye / noma ukwenza bazizwe bekhululekile.
Isixazululo somlomo / esiphundu se-morphine siqala ukusebenza ngokushesha - ngokuvamile ngaphakathi kwemizuzu engu-15 - futhi sihlala cishe amahora amane, nakuba ezinye iziguli zingase zithole zidinga i-morphine kaningi.
I-Morphine iyakuthanda ukubabala, okubonakala kakhulu efomini eliketshezi ngokumelene namaphilisi. Ngenxa yokuthi uketshezi oluthile luvame ukunikezwa ngemali encane, akukhuthazwa ukuxuba i-morphine nezinye iziphuzo. Iningi leziguli ngokuvamile libekezelela ukuthatha imithi yedwa noma "ukuyixosha" ngokuphuza okukhethile.
Isixazululo somlomo se-oral morphine kufanele sinikezwe kuphela nge-spoon dosing noma i-dropper enikezwa ikhemisi. Ngenxa yokuthi igxile kakhulu, kubalulekile ukuthola umthamo ngendlela enembile ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma ungaqiniseki ngesilingo esifanele, cela umhlengikazi noma umhlinzeki wezempilo ukuze abonise wena.
Ngithwala "ibhodlela lesampula" le-morphine nami lapho ngivakashela iziguli zami. Ngenkathi ibhodlela lingenalo imithi yangempela, leli bhodlela lisivumela ukuba ngibonise indlela yokusebenzisa i-dropper ukudweba umthamo ofanele.
Ithebula noma i-Capsule Morphine
Amaphilisi e-Morphine angena kumafomu okukhululwa ngokushesha futhi anwetshiwe. Amaphilisi okukhululwa ngokushesha asebenza ngendlela efanayo nesisombululo somlomo / i-morphine esiphundu lapho esebenza ngokushesha kodwa ehlala cishe amahora amane. Amaphilisi okukhishwa ngokushesha angahlwithwa futhi ahlanganiswe nama-appleauce noma i-pudding ngeziguli ezinzima ukugwinya amaphilisi noma ukuchotshozwa nokuphathwa nge- tube nasogastric (NG) .
Amathebulethi anwetshiwe (ER noma XR) angathathwa njalo amahora angu-12, noma ngisho kanye ngosuku. I-morphine yokukhululwa ekhulisiwe isetshenziselwa kuphela iziguli ezithola ukulinganisela okuqhubekayo kuya ebuhlungu obukhulu. Kufanele uhlole njalo nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo noma ummithi ngaphambi kokuchoboza i-ER tablet noma ukuvula i-capsule ER. Uma kungenjalo, ungase uphathe umthamo ophezulu kakhulu.
Ezinye izindlela zokuthumela
Ngaphandle kwamafomu ahlanzekile noma aqinile, i-morphine ingabuye ihanjiswe njengomjovo ube yisisipha, njenge-infusion ngaphakathi (IV) noma ngaphansi kwesigqila (zibe izicubu ezinamafutha ngaphansi kwesikhumba). Ngenkathi lezi zinhlobo zokubeletha kungekhona ukukhetha kokuqala ekunakekelweni kokunakekelwa noma ngokugulisa izifo ezichazwe ngenhla, i-morphine elawulwa ngalezi zindlela ingakwazi ukubonisa ukuthi iphumelela, ibuhlungu kakhulu futhi ithwale ingozi encane.
I-Morphine ingabuye ihanjiswe njenge-suppository (efakwe ngaphakathi kwe-rectum) yeziguli ezidinga umthamo osebenza isikhathi eside kodwa ezingakwazi ukugwinya i-morphine kwifomu eliketshezi noma ithebhulethi. Uma lokhu kuyindlela yokudiliva umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uyacoma, khona-ke udokotela wakho noma unesi kufanele abonise ukuthi angayinikeza kanjani.
Ekugcineni, uma unenkinga yokusebenzisa i-morphine ngezinhlungu noma ukuphefumula (dyspnea), kufanele ukhulume nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Angakusiza ukuthola isixazululo esifanele wena nomthandekayo wakho.
> Imithombo:
> Kinzbrunner, BM; I-Weinreb, NJ; I-Policzer, i-JS 20 Izinkinga Ezivamile: Ukuphela Kokunakekelwa Kwezempilo , uMcGraw-Hill Publishing, 2002.
> Ferrell, BR noCoyle, N. Incwadi Yobunjiniyela Abahlengikazi , i-Oxford University Press, ngo-2006.