I-Drones noma izimoto ezingenalutho ezingenalutho (UAVs) zivela njengethuluzi elisha lezokwelapha elingasiza ekunciphiseni izinkinga zokungena kanye nokusabalalisa ukunakekelwa kwempilo kufinyeleleke kalula. Ochwepheshe bacubungula izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene ze-drones, kusukela ekuthwaleni usizo lwezinhlekelele ekuthutheleni izitho zokufakelwa kanye namasampuli egazi. I-Drones inekhono lokuphatha ukukhokhela okuphansi futhi ingawahambisa ngokushesha lapho eya khona.
Izinzuzo zobuchwepheshe be-drone uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela zokuhamba zihlanganisa ukugwema ukuhamba kwemigwaqo ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi, ukuvimbela izimo zomgwaqo ezimbi lapho indawo enzima ukuhamba khona futhi ifinyelele ngokuphepha ezindaweni eziyingozi emazweni aphethwe yimpi. Nakuba i-drones isasetshenziswa kabi ezimweni eziphuthumayo nemisebenzi yokusiza, iminikelo yabo iye yaziwa ngokuya. Ngokwesibonelo, phakathi nenhlekelele ka-2011 yaseFukushima eJapane, kwadalwa i-drone kule ndawo. Iqoqa amazinga emisebe ngokuphepha ngesikhathi sangempela, isiza ngokuhlela okuphuthumayo ukuphendula. Muva nje, ngemuva kokuphelelwa yisiphepho se-Hurricane Harvey, ama-drone angu-43 agunyazwe yi-Federal Aviation Administration ukusiza ngemizamo yokutakula kanye nenhlangano yezindaba.
I-Ambulance Drones engayikhulula ama-Defibrillators
Njengengxenye yesimiso sakhe sokuqeqesha, u-Alec Momont waseDelft University of Technology eNetherlands wenza i-drone engasetshenziswa ezimweni eziphuthumayo ngesikhathi somcimbi wezinhliziyo.
I-drone yakhe engabonakali iphethe imishini ebalulekile yezokwelapha, kuhlanganise ne-defibrillator encane.
Uma kuziwa ekubuyiselweni kabusha, ukufika ngesikhathi esifanele endaweni yesimo esiphuthumayo ngokuvamile kuyisici esinqunyiwe. Ukulandela ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo, ukufa kobuchopho kwenzeka emaminithini amane kuya kwesikhombisa, ngakho-ke asikho isikhathi sokulahlekelwa. Isikhathi sokuphendula ngezinsizakalo eziphuthumayo silinganisa cishe amaminithi angu-10, futhi ngeshwa amaphesenti ayisishiyagalombili kuphela abantu abahlukunyezwa ngenhliziyo basinda.
Isikhathi esiphuthumayo sikaMonont singashintsha ngokujulile izinkinga zokusinda kwenhliziyo. Indiza yakhe ehamba ngokuzimela ihamba ngamanani ayi-4 kilogram kuphela futhi ingahamba cishe ku-100 km / h (62 mph). Uma ngokuyisisekelo kutholakala emadolobheni aminyene, kungafinyeleleka ekuhlosweni kwalo okuya khona ngokushesha. Ilandela isignali yeselula yomshayeli ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-GPS futhi ifakwe ikhamera yewebhu. Ukusebenzisa ikhamera yewebhu, abasebenzi bezinsizakalo eziphuthumayo bangaba nesixhumanisi esibukhoma nanoma ubani osiza isisulu. Umphenduli wokuqala esakhiweni unikezwa i-defibrillator futhi angafundiswa ukuthi angasebenzisa kanjani idivayisi futhi aziswe kwezinye izinyathelo zokulondoloza impilo yomuntu oswele.
Ucwaningo olwenziwa ngabacwaningi abavela ku-Karolinska Institute neRoyal Institute of Technology e-Stockholm, eSweden, lubonisa ukuthi ezindaweni zasemakhaya, i-drone-efana neyakhelwe uMamont-yafika ngokushesha kunezinsizakalo zezokwelapha eziphuthumayo ngamaphesenti angu-93 wamacala futhi ingasindisa Imizuzu engu-19 ngokwesilinganiso. Ezindaweni zasemadolobheni, i-drone yafika endaweni yesehlakalo sokuboshwa kwenhliziyo ngaphambi kokuba i-ambulensi ibe ngamaphesenti angu-32 amacala, isindisa imizuzu engu-1.5 ngesilinganiso. Ukucwaninga kwesiSweden futhi kwatholakala ukuthi indlela ephephile kakhulu yokuletha i-defibrillator yangaphandle yokuzenzakalela kwakuwukuba udonsa i-drone emhlabathini ophansi, noma, ngokunye, ukukhulula i-defibrillator ukusuka phezulu.
Isikhungo se-Study of Drone e-Bard College sithole ukuthi izinhlelo zokusebenza eziphuthumayo zezicelo ze-drones yizindawo ezikhulayo kakhulu ze-drone application. Nokho, kukhona ukuphazamiseka okuqoshiwe lapho ama-drones ehlanganyela ezimpendulo eziphuthumayo. Isibonelo, i-drones iphazamise imizamo yabalimi bokuqothula umlilo abahlasela ama-wildfire ngo-2015. Indiza encane ingafakwa ezinjini zezindiza ezindiza ezindizayo, okwenza zombili izindiza ziqhume. I-Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) ithuthukisa futhi ivuselela imihlahlandlela nemithetho ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha okusemthethweni nokusetshenziswa kwe-UAV, ikakhulukazi ezimweni zokuphila nokufa.
Ukunikeza Amaphiko Efoni Yakho
I-SenseLab, ye-Technical University eKrete, eGrisi, yeza ngo-2016 i-Drones for Award Award, ukuncintisana komhlaba wonke okuse-UAE nabamncintiswano abangaphezu kuka-1 000. Ukungena kwabo kwakha indlela entsha yokuguqula i-smartphone yakho ibe yidroni encane engasiza emazweni aphuthumayo. I-smartphone inamathele ku-drone yesibonelo, isibonelo, ngokuzenzekela ukuya ekhemisi bese ihambisa i-insulin kumsebenzisi osizini.
I-drone yocingo inezizathu ezine eziyisisekelo: 1) ithola usizo; 2) uletha umuthi; 3) urekhoda indawo yokubandakanya nokubika imininingwane ohlwini oluthile lwabaxhumana nabo; futhi 4) kusiza abasebenzisi ekutholeni indlela yabo lapho belahlekile.
I-drone smart ingenye yezinhlelo eziphambili ze-SenseLab. Bahlola ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzayo ze-UAV, njengokuxhuma ama-drones kuma-biosensors kumuntu onenkinga yezempilo futhi akhiphe impendulo ephuthumayo uma impilo yomuntu ihlaselwa ngokuzumayo.
Abacwaningi bahlola nokusetshenziswa kwama-drones ekusebenzeni nokuthutha imisebenzi yeziguli ezinezifo ezingelapheki ezihlala ezindaweni zasemaphandleni. Leli qembu leziguli livame ukudinga ukuhlolwa nokuvuselelwa kwemithi njalo. I-Drones ingakwazi ukuletha imithi ngokuphepha futhi iqoqe imikhiqizo yokuhlolwa, njengamanzi namasampula egazi, ukunciphisa izindleko ezingaphandle kwezindleko kanye nezindleko zezokwelapha kanye nokunciphisa ingcindezi kulabo abanakekeli.
Ingabe i-Drones ingathatha amasampuli aphikisayo wezinto eziphilayo?
E-United States, i-drones yezokwelapha ayisafanele ihlolwe kabanzi. Isibonelo, ulwazi oluthe xaxa luyadingeka emiphumeleni yendiza enamasampuli abuhlungu kanye nemishini yezokwelapha. Abacwaningi baseJohn Hopkins banikeze ubufakazi bokuthi izinto ezibucayi, ezifana nezampula zegazi, zingaphathwa ngokuphepha ngamadrones. UDkt. Timothy Kien Amukele, onguchwepheshe wezokwelapha ngemuva kwalolu cwaningo lokufakazela ubufakazi, wayekhathazekile ngokusheshisa nokufika kwe-drone. Ukuhambisa ukuhamba kungahle kubhubhise amaseli egazi futhi wenze amasampula asebenze. Ngenhlanhla, ukuhlolwa kuka-Amukele kubonise ukuthi igazi alizange lithinteke uma lithathwa ku-UAV encane kuze kube ngu-40 imizuzu. Ama-sampuli ageleza aqhathaniswa namasampuli angenayo-flown, futhi izici zabo zokuhlola azifani kakhulu. U-Amukele wenza olunye uvivinyo lapho le ndiza yaqhubeka khona, futhi i-drone yahlanganisa amakhilomitha angu-258, okwathatha amahora amathathu. Lokhu kwakungumlando omude wokuthutha amasampula wezokwelapha usebenzisa i-drone. Amasampula ahamba ehlane lase-Arizona futhi agcinwe ekamelweni elilawula ukushisa, elagcina amasampula ekamelweni lokushisa egumbini usebenzisa ugesi kusuka ku-drone. Ukuhlaziywa kwamathuluzi okulandelayo kubonise ukuthi amasampuli agijima afana nokungahambisani. Kwakukhona ukungafani okuncane okutholakala ku-glucose nokufunda kwe-potassium, kodwa lezi zingatholakala nezinye izindlela zokuthutha futhi kungenzeka ngenxa yokuntuleka kokulawula ukushisa okucophelela kumasampuli angenayo i-flown.
Ithimba likaJohn Hopkins manje lihlela isifundo sezindiza e-Afrika esingekho eduze nelabhu ekhethekile-ngaleyo ndlela izuza kulobu buchwepheshe bezempilo bwanamuhla. Njengoba kunikezwe amandla okuhamba kwe-drone, idivayisi ingase iphakeme kunezinye izindlela zokuthutha, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezikude nezingathuthuki. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukudayiswa kwe-drones kubenza kube kubi kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela zokuhamba ezingakaze zenzeke ngendlela efanayo. I-Drones ingaba inguquko yemidlalo yezobuchwepheshe kwezobuchwepheshe, ikakhulukazi kulabo abaye banqunyulwa yizinsizakalo zezwe.
Amaqembu amaningi okucwaninga asebenzisana namamodeli wokwenza ngcono angasiza ukuhambisa i-drones ngokwezomnotho. Lolu lwazi lungasiza abenzi bezinqumo lapho behlela izimpendulo eziphuthumayo. Ngokwesibonelo, ukwandisa ukuphakama kwendiza ye-drone kuphakamisa izindleko zokusebenza, kuyilapho ukwandisa ijubane le-drone ngokuvamile kunciphisa izindleko futhi kwandisa indawo yesevisi yed drone.
Izinkampani ezihlukene nazo zihlola izindlela ze-drones ukuvuna amandla avela emoyeni nasangeni. Ithimba elivela e-Xiamen University e-China naseYunivesithi yaseWestern Sydney e-Australia futhi lihlakulela i-algorithm yokuhlinzeka izindawo eziningi usebenzisa i-UAV eyodwa. Ngokuqondile, banesithakazelo ekuphatheni kwezokuthutha kwegazi, becabangela izici ezahlukene ezifana nesisindo segazi, izinga lokushisa kanye nesikhathi. Ukuthola kwabo kungasetshenziswa kwezinye izindawo, ngokwesibonelo, ukuthuthukisa ukuthuthwa kokudla usebenzisa i-drone.
> Imithombo:
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