Ayikho Isixhumanisi Phakathi Kwezigciwane ne-Autism
Uzozwa ngemigomo kanye ne-autism, nakuba ubufakazi bubonise ukuthi akukho ukuxhumana phakathi kwabo. Ngeshwa, izingane ezingavunyelwe zingenza futhi zihlakulele i-autism, futhi zenza kanjalo ngamanani afana nezingane ezigonywe. Ngaphandle kokungashintshi engozini yabo ye-autism, bangase babambe izifo ezivimbela ukugoma futhi basakaze kwabanye emphakathini.
Imishanguzo ne-Autism
Imishanguzo ayibangeli i-autism. Lesi sitatimende sisekelwa ukucwaninga komzimba omkhulu nobufakazi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa:
- Izifundo eziningi zocwaningo ziphikisana nanoma yikuphi ukuxhumana phakathi komgomo we-MMR kanye ne-autism.
- Ucwaningo olungaphezu kuka-100 lubonise ukuthi akukho ukuxhumana phakathi kwemigomo ne-autism.
- Ukubuyekezwa kwesayensi yi-Institute of Medicine, "Ukuhlolwa Kokuphepha Kwangena Emzimbeni: Imithi Yokugoma Nokugwinya," baphetha ngokuthi "umzimba wesibindi se-epidemiological uvumela ukulahla ubuhlobo obuseduze phakathi komgomo we-MMR kanye ne-autism. Ikomidi liphetha nokuthi umzimba we-epidemiological evidence uthanda ukulahla ubuhlobo be-causal phakathi kwemigomo ene-thimerosal equkethe i-autism. " Lokhu kwakhishwa njengesibuyekezo sesishiyagalombili nesokugcina ngo-2004.
- Umbiko wezi-2012 we-Institute of Medicine, "Imiphumela Ebi Emitholampilo: Ubufakazi Ne-Causality," waphetha ngokuthi "izinkinga ezimbalwa zezempilo zibangelwa noma zihlotshaniswa ngokuqondile nemigomo" nokuthi "ubufakazi bubonisa ukuthi akukho zixhumanisi phakathi kokugoma nokunye okujulile izimo eziye zaphakamisa ukukhathazeka, kufaka phakathi isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 kanye ne-autism. "
- Labo abaphikisana nemigomo bavame ukucela uxhumano phakathi kwemigomo kanye ne-autism ukuthi izifundo zisho ukuthi azihlangene nokugoma, akukho lutho olwenziwe nge-autism, noma zivele kalula.
- Ucwaningo lukaAndrew Wakefield oluqala le nkulumo alukwazanga ukuphindaphindiwe futhi kamuva luboniswa ukuthi bobabili luyiphutha futhi lukhwabanisa futhi lwahoxiswa umagazini wezokwelapha lapho ushicilelwe ekuqaleni. Ilayisensi yakhe yezokwelapha yaxoshwa ngoba "ukuziphatha kwakhe kwakungenacala futhi kungathembeki."
- Ucwaningo lubhekisela kwisisekelo sofuzo se-autism nokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi i-autism ivele ngaphambi kokuba umntwana azalwe
Futhi njengoba imishanguzo ingabangeli i-autism, akufanele kusimangaze ukuthi kunezingane ezingavunyelwe nge-autism. Isizathu sokuthi azikho ngaphezulu ukuthi abazali abaningi banomgomo wokugoma izingane zabo, ngakho-ke, izingane eziningi ze-autistic zizogonywa.
Izingane ezingavunyelwe nge-Autism
Ungase ungakhulumi ngalezi zikhathi kaningi, kodwa kukhona izingane ezingavunyelwe nge-autism. Izifundo eziningana zokuqhathanisa zenziwe ngamanani e-autism phakathi kwezingane ezigonywe futhi ezingenakuvulwa futhi azitholanga umehluko. Esinye isifundo esinjalo sasivela eJapane lapho umgomo we-MMR uhoxisiwe ezweni ngenxa yokukhathazeka nge-aseptic meningitis. Esicwaningweni, kutholakale okungenani izingane ezingu-170 eziye zazakhela i-autism nakuba zingakaze zithole umgomo we-MMR.
Kodwa lokhu kungumgomo owodwa kuphela, kunezibonelo eziningi zezingane ezingenasipiliyoni eziye zazakhela i-autism. Ucwaningo olunyatheliswa ngo-February 2014 u- Autism lwathola ukuthi "amazinga we-autism spectrum disorder diagnosis awafani neze phakathi kwamaqembu ezincane asegciwane angagunyaziwe futhi angabalwa."
ULara Lohne, nakuba engakaze agonywe ngoba abazali bakhe babephikisana nomuthi wokugoma, babenomgomo wokugoma ingane yakhe.
Akazange kube njalo, ngenxa yezindaba zezezimali. Futhi nakuba engakaze athole imithi yokugoma, indodana yakhe yakha i-autism:
Kumele ngivume ukuthi kwakungenxa yokuxoxisana nomuntu osebenza naye ukuthi ngaqala ukusola ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle ngendodana yami encane. Kwangikhathaza kakhulu kangangokuthi ngaqala ukufuna ulwazi online. Ngifunda ezinye zezindaba futhi zizwakala zifana nalokho engangikubhekana nendodana yami - ngezimpawu, ukuguqulwa kanye nesikhathi lapho konke kwaqala khona ukubonakala.
Esimweni esivamile, umzali angase abe nengane ene-autism futhi anqume ukuthi angagcini ingane yabo elandelayo.
Lezi zingane ezingavunyelwe ngokuqinisekile azivikelwe izifo ezivimbela igciwane futhi azikho engozini encane yokuthuthukisa i-autism.
Kunezindaba eziningi eziningi ezinjengalezi. Bafaka abalobi kanye nabanikeli bewebhusayithi yokulwa nokugoma abanezingane ezingavunyelwe nge-autism.
Okuningi ku-Autism Phakathi kwezingane ezingavunyelwe
Kumele uhlole izindaba zomuntu siqu kanye nokuthunyelwe kumaforamu okubeletha ukuze ubone ukuthi kunezimo eziningi ze-autism phakathi kwezingane ezingavunyelwe futhi ezingenalo igciwane:
- "Kungenzeka ukuthi indodana yami eneminyaka engu-4 ubudala i-autistic.
- "Nginezingane ezingenakulinganiswa, futhi umngane wami wenza kanjalo."
- "Indodana engumngani omuhle i-autistic." Akaphelele ngokuphelele. "
- "Ngangilinda kakhulu ukugoma indodana yami, ngakho-ke kwakunezintambo ezimbalwa ngesikhathi etholakala ukuthi"
- "Sinayo i-autism ezinganeni zethu ezingenakulinganiswa"
- "Ngiyazi abafana ababili abancane ababili autistic, ngokuphelele non -xed"
- "Nginabantwana ababili abangenakuvotelwa abahlala e-autism spectrum futhi angikaze ngigomane noma iyiphi yezingane zami."
- "Angiqiniseki ukuthi yini eyabangela i-autism yendodanami, kodwa u-autistic yena. Akaxoshwa ngokuphelele njengoba siyeka ukuhamba iminyaka engu-10 edlule."
- "Nginendodakazi eneminyaka engu-10 ubudala ngine-autism spectrum disorder ... Indodakazi yami ayizange ibe nomuthi wokugoma, isinqumo engasenza ngemva nje kokuzalwa kwakhe, ngemuva kokucwaninga okuningi."
Ngeshwa, ngenkathi uqaphela ukuthi izingane ezingavunyelwe ukuthuthukisa i-autism zisiza abanye abazali ukuba basuke emagqumeni okulwa nomuthi wokugoma kanye nemibono yoqhinga, abanye baqhubekele phambili ekucabangeni ukuthi cishe nje ngezinto ezinobuthi. Kuyinto engavamile ukuthi abanye balabazali balalele imishanguzo abayitholile ngenkathi bekhulelwe noma ngisho nangaphambi kokukhulelwa, ama-Rhogam shots, noma ama-mercury agcwalisa amazinyo abo, njll.
Akuyona yonke, noma kunjalo. UJuniper Russo "wayeyesaba i-autism, yamakhemikhali, izinkampani ezenza imithi, amaphilisi, wezinaliti" lapho ebeletha ingane yakhe. Wayekwazi nje ukuthi imishanguzo yabangela i-autism lapho evakashela okokuqala udokotela wakhe wezingane ngemuva kokuba ingane yakhe izalwe futhi yazi zonke izinkulumo zokulwa nokugoma. Kamuva naye waqala ukuqaphela ukuthi indodakazi yakhe engaphenduki ngokuphelele yayinokulibazisa okuphawulekayo kokuthuthukiswa. Esikhundleni sokuqhubeka nokukholelwa ukuthi imishanguzo ibangela i-autism, uNksz Russo uqonda izinto ezithile ngendodakazi yakhe nokuthi "akakwazanga ukuphika izinto ezintathu: wayehluke ngokuphambene, udinga ukugonywa, futhi imishanguzo ayihlangene nokuhlukana kwakhe . "
Imithombo:
> Abu Kuwaik G. Ukugonywa Kwabantwana Abantwana Abancane Abantwana abane-Autism Spectrum Disorder. I-Autism . 2014 Feb; 18 (2): 148-55.
> Gerber JS, i-Offit PA. Imishanguzo kanye ne-Autism: I-Tale of Hypotheses yokuguquguquka. Izifo Ezithathelwanayo Emitholampilo . Umqulu 48, Issue 4. Pp. 456-461.
> Honda H. Akukho Mphumela we-MMR Ukuxoshwa kwi-Incidence ye-Autism: Isibalo Sezibalo Zabantu. J Child Psychol Psychiatry . 2005 Jun; 46 (6): 572-9.
> Institute of Medicine. Imiphumela emibi yezinsana: Ubufakazi kanye ne-Causality . 2012 Washington, DC: I-National Academy Press.